February 1, 1890. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
849 
atmosphere, not much warmer than the temperature of 
a drawing room, the work had increased at a great 
rate, especially in regard to the Cattleya and Odonto- 
glossum. Supposing the importation of new species 
were to cease to-day, what could be said of the art of 
hybridisation ? It was now occupying the earnest 
thought of many of our -foremost Orchid cultivators. 
His reply was that no one could possibly tell what 
would be the wonderful results which we might expect 
from the interesting art of hybridisation. In the past, 
Orchids had been reserved for the rich, but as wealth 
became more diffused among the people, and education 
effected its purpose in elevating the taste and pleasures 
of life, so would the love of Orchids be developed. To 
enable one to have a correct idea of the hold the plants 
had already taken in public estimation, let a visit be 
paid to an important flower show. Take for example 
the Whitsun week show, held at Old Trafford, 
Manchester. The Orchid section was one of its greatest 
attractions. He had on several occasions had the 
privilege of going through the magnificent exhibitions, 
and could not tell the meeting how deeply impressed 
he was with the sight of hundreds if not thousands of 
the chief citizens of Manchester and their families 
drawn, as it were, to the feet of this beautiful floral 
empress. He was afraid that there was a tendency 
growing up to place Orchids in charge of specialists, 
orchid growers pure and simple. This was much to be 
deplored, and in his opinion unnecessary. It was a 
mistake to have two heads in a garden, as such a thing 
tended to cause confusion and bitterness where all 
should be contentment and peace. He was convinced 
that experience in this branch of plant culture would 
have more to do in future with the success in life of the 
gardener than it had in the past, and therefore he would 
impress on all young men in the profession to avail 
themselves of every opportunity of improving their 
practical knowledge of the subject. Mr. Thomas then 
gave some practical hints in reference to the cultivation 
of the Yanda and Disa grandiflora. 
The president said that whereas in his young days 
the largest public collection of Orchids would scarcely 
fill a room, they were now grown and admired by many 
thousands of people all over the country. Messrs. 
Robert Tait, Abraham Stansfield, W. Plant, Thomas 
Rogers, M’Kellar, and E. Griffiths Hughes took part 
in the discussion which followed. 
Reading. 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
Daphne indica alba. — G. E. : The best time to re-pot this 
greenhouse plant is after it has finished flowering. Use a com¬ 
post consisting of equal parts of peat and loam, with a quantity 
of silver sand, and do not forget good drainage. If you desire 
to urge the plants to make fresh growth place them in a house 
or frame, with a minimum night temperature of 55°. Harden 
them off after growth is completed, and keep the plants in a 
cold frame during summer fully exposed to the sun, or stand 
them on a bed of ashes in a’sheltered place. This will thoroughly 
ripen the wood, which is the secret of success in the manage¬ 
ment of this Daphne in order to make it flower. 
Names of Apples. — W. J. D. : 25, Gooseberry ; 24, not 
known. 
Stephanotis Seedlings. — Single-handed Gardener: Make up 
a compost of good fibrous loam, leaf-soil, and silver-sand, and 
pot eft the seedlings into thumb-pots. Then put them into a 
strong stove heat—on the top shelf of your forcing house will 
suit well. Pot them on as required, omitting the leaf soil, and 
be careful not to break the balls, as the plant does not like to 
have its roots disturbed. 
Strawberry Culture in Pots.— President: You must not 
re-pot them again, but'keep them in the pot they now occupy 
until they have done fruiting, and then throw them away. As 
so r n as the flowers are se^, and the fruits commence to swell, 
feed them with liquid manure, weak and often, until they 
commerce to colour. For next year’s fruiting secure some early 
runDers, and have them potted into their fruiting pots early in 
September. 
Vallota purpurea. — A Constant Reader: Put them into a 
cool greenhouse, and keep them moderately dry until new 
growth commences. It was a mistake to pot them a month ago; 
that should have been done early in the autumn, as soon as they 
had done flowering. You must only fresh pot them once in 
three or four yea^s, if you want them to flower fieely. 
Wistaria sinensis and W. s. alba.— G. E. : These can be re¬ 
potted any time from September to spring. For plants expected 
to flower the former is, perhaps, the best time, because the roots 
could then proceed uninterrupted. If the plants are forced 
early, then re-potting might be done with advantage after the 
flowers have faded or dropped. They must be continued in a 
gentle warmth until they have completed the development of 
their young wood, then hardened off and stood in the open air 
in a sheltered place during summer to ripen and plump up their 
flower-buds. A good holding fibrous loam, with an admixture 
of silver sand, will form the best and most lasting compost for 
the Wistaria. A small but efficient quantity of drainage will 
be sufficient. 
Communications Received.— J. L.—R. O —E. S. D.—W. D. 
—W. G.—Stirling—A, F. B.—W. H.—M. M,, Aberdeen (when 
you have complied with our rules by sending your name and 
address, we shall be happy to satis p y you on both points. We 
never reply to such questions when put anonymously.)—C, W, 
—M, C,—L, A. Bernays—Ed, Pynaert. 
-—-- 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Thomas S. Ware, Hale Farm Nurseries, Tottenham.—Cata¬ 
logues of Flower Seeds, Dahlias, Bulbs for Spring planting and 
Chrysanthemums. 
II. de Reydellet, a Valence (Drome), France.—Catalogue of 
New Chrysanthemums. 
W. Piercy, 89, Beadwell Road, Forest Hill, S.E.— Early- 
flowering Chrysanthemums 
Bell, Stuart & Co., Rothesay, N.B.—Select Seeds and 
Plants. 
William Bull, 536, King's Road, Chelsea, S.W.—Select 
Flower and Vegetable Seeds. 
W. P. Laird & Sinclair, 73, Nethergate, Dundee.—Vegetable 
and Flower Seeds. 
H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, Kent.—Complete Illustrated 
Floral Guide for 1890. 
At the meeting held on January 20th, Mr. Wildsmith, 
of Heekfield, was to have read a paper on “ Vices,” 
but was unfortunately prevented by illness from doing 
so. His place was taken by Mr. (Jhas. Iiott, of 
Wokefield Park Gardens, who read a paper upon 
“Salads all the Year Round,” in which he treated the 
subject in a useful practical way, noting the usefulness 
of the various subjects grown, and describing the mode 
of cultivation adopted in each case. A discussion 
ensued, which brought out many good points of detail. 
There were nearly seventy members present, and in the 
absence of Mr. Lees, the chair was well filled by Mr. 
Justin, of Maiden Erleigh. 
Birmingham Gardeners’ Association. 
Mr. Parker, The Gardens, Torquay, had arranged to 
read a paper on the Chrysanthemum at the fortnightly 
meeting of the association, January 21st, but illness 
prevented his attendance, and unfortunately the com¬ 
pletion of his paper also. Enough of it, however, was sent 
on to be read, and to lead to a discussion on subjects of 
the paper, with other matters which cropped up. 
Compost was one subject taken up by Mr. Parker, and 
he advocated good turfy loam, with a mixture of bone- 
meal ; he used this, and avoided the use of heavily- 
manured soils ; watering freely, and heavily syringing 
during hot weather. Early propagation was not 
considered to be always necessary, many of his finest 
blooms being cut from plants struck in March, and, to 
secure good strong cuttings, he shook out old plants 
and planted them under a south wall, from which 
strong cuttings could be taken in March. A discussion 
followed, as to the cause of damping, and there were 
considered to be two primary causes. One, over¬ 
feeding ; the other, the want of free ventilation and 
a dry and rather warm temperature in wet, dull weather. 
This latter point was regarded as very essential, and 
free ventilation over the pipes recommended.— D.S.H. 
(SInfuctri?. 
w e regret to record the death, on January 23rd, of 
Mr. Henry Webber, of the firm of Messrs. Webber 
& Co., fruiterers, Central Avenue, Covent Garden. 
Though somewhat reserved, and taking little active 
interest in the business owing to delicate health, he was 
a young man much respected in the market. 
Rozain-Boucharlat, Cuire-les-Lyon (Rhone), France.—New 
Chrysanthemums, and other Florists Flowers. 
B. W. Knight, Battle, Sussex.—Select Seeds and Plants. 
--»®<-- 
THE WEATHER. 
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean reading 
of the barometer during the week ending January 25th, 
was 29'25 ins.; the lowest reading was 28'50 ins. on 
Thursday at noon, and the highest 29'60 ins. on 
Friday at noon. The mean temperature of the air was 
427°, and S'S 0 above the average in the correspond¬ 
ing weeks of the twenty years ending 1868. The mean 
was slightly below the average on Monday, while it 
showed an excess on each of the other days of the week. 
The general direction of the wind was S.W., and the 
horizontal movement of the air averaged 21 '2 miles per 
hour, which was 7 3 miles above the average in the 
corresponding weeks of sixteen years. Rain fell on 
six days of the week, to the aggregate amount of 0'77 
of an inch. The duration of registered bright sunshine 
in the week was 14'9 hours, against 16 5 hours at 
Glynde Place, Lewes. 
--K&s-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
January 27th. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, and 39, Seed 
Market, Mark Lane, E. C., report larger supplies of 
medium quality English Red Clover. Alsike and 
White remain steady, with a good demand for each 
article. Rye Grasses dull. 
->=£< 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
January 29(7i. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d 8.d. 1 s. d. s.d. 
Apples .J-sieve 2 0 7 0 Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 10 16 
— Nova Scotia, barrel 12 0 18 0; — St. Michaels, each 2 6 7 6 
Grapes .per lb. 2 0 4 0 Plums J-sieve 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s.d. 
Artichokes, Globe,doz. 3 0 
Asparagus .... per 100 
Beans, French, per lb. 1 6 
Beet .per dozen 2 0 
Cabbages_per doz. 1 6 
Carrots ... .per bunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers, English, 
per dozen 3 0 
Celery .... per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers .... each 0 9 
Endive, French, doz. 2 6 
s.d. 
6 0 
2 6 
3 0 
2 6 
6 0 
s.d. s.d 
Herbs .... per hunch 0 2 0 4 
Horse Radish, bundle 3 0 5 0 
Lettuces .. per dozen 16 2 0 
Mushrooms, p. basket 13 24) 
Onions....per bushel 3 6 5 3 
Parsley.... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes ..per dozen 1 6 
Small salading,punnet 0 4 
Spinach, per strike ..20 
Tomatos _per lb. 1 0 16 
Turnips _per bun. 0 6 
Potatos.- Kent Regents, 80s. to 100 s. per ton; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to ICOs. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per con. 
Out Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
Acacia or Mimosa, s.d. s.d. 
French, per bunch 0 9 16 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms.. 4 0 6 0 
Azalea... .doz. sprays 0 8 10 
Bouvardias, per bun. 0 6 10 
Camellias, 12 blooms 16 4 0 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 2 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
per 12 bunches 4 0 9 0 
Daffodils, doz. blooms 10 2 0 
Epiphyllum.doz blms 0 6 10 
Eucharis ..perdozen 3 0 5 0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms. 9 0 18 0 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 0 6 10 
Hyacinth... per spray 0 4 0 9 
Hyacinths (Roman), 
doz. sprays 0 5 10 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
Lilac, white, per bun. 4 6 0 
Lilium, various, 12 bis. 1 0 8 0 
Lily of the Valley do. 0 6 10 
MaidenhairFern,12bns 4 0 9 0 
Plants in Pots. 
s.d. s.d. 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 3 0 6 0 
Mignonette, 12 bun. 2 0 4 0 
— (French), .per bun. 16 2 6 
Narcissus (papr-whit) 
doz. sprays 0 9 10 
Narcissus (papr-wht.) 
French, dozen bnns. 3 0 6 0 
Pelargoniums,12spys. 10 16 
— scarlet .. 12 sprays 0 6 10 
Poinsettia, 12 blooms 4 0 12 0 
Primula, double, bun. 0 9 10 
Roses.per dozen 16 3 0 
Roses, Tea, per dozen 10 3 0 
— Red.per doz. 10 2 0 
— Saffrano ..per doz. 10 2 0 
Stephanotis ,12 spraysl 2 0 
Tuberoses, per dozen. 10 2 0 
Tulips ....12 blooms 0 9 16 
Violets... .12bunches 10 2 0 
— French, per bunch 16 2 6 
-Parine, per buch. 3 0 4 0 
•Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Azalea ... .per dozen24 0 36 0 
Aralia Sieboldi ..doz. 6 0 18 0 
Arum Lilies..per doz. 9 0 18 0 
Begonias, various,doz. 4 0 9 0 
Bouvardias ..perdoz. 8 0 12 0 
Cyperus, ..per dozen 4 0 12 0 
Dracaena term., doz. 30 0 60 0 
Draciena viridis, doz. 12 0 24 0 
Erica, various ..doz. 12 0 18 0 
Evergreens, in var. ,, 6 0 24 0 
s.d. s.d. 
Ferns, in var.,perdoz. 4 0 18 0 
Hyacinths, per dozen 9 0 12 0 
Marguerites perdoz. 6 0 12 0 
Palms in variety, each 2 6 21 0 
Pelargoniums.scarlet, 6 0 9 0 
Poinsettia, per dozen 9 0 12 0 
Primula ... .per doz. 4 0 6 0 
Solanums_perdoz. 9 0 12 0 
Tulips.12 pots 8 0 10 0 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Aerides illustre . 348 
Calceolarias. 343 
Camellia, a monster . 341 
Canarina campanula. 347 
Celery for exhibition. 341 
Chrysanthemum, Beauty of 
Castlehill. 346 
Cinerarias. 345 
Cyclamen Coum. 347 
Dendrobium Luna. 348 
Dendrobium Macfailanei.. 34S 
Eucalyptus in Devon .... 342 
Fern, a good basket. 346 
Florists tiowers.philosophy 
of. 344 
Gardeners’ Improvement 
Societies . 348 
Gardeners OrphanFund,the 345 
Ground Laurel . 347 
Hall for horticulture. 341 
Hyaeinthus azureus. 347 
Irises. 346 
PAGE 
Lacbenalias. 346 
Laelia Crawshayana . 348 
Mound Caves for tender 
plants . 345 
National Chrysanthemum 
Society . 347 
Nephrolepis davallioides .. 341 
Orchid Growers’ Calendar 348 
Orchids and manure. 313 
Or-hid notes and gleaiings 343 
Orchid, a leafless . 348 
Osmanthus fragnns. 341 
Pitcairnea muscosa . 346 
Propagating n tes. 342 
Roses, monthly . 342 
Rubbish heaps. 345 
Sarracenia purpurea. 347 
Science run wild. 339 
St. Leonard's Hill. 345 
Tulip, the show . 344 
Vegetables, exhibiting .. 342 
Vegetables, monster. 343 
INDEX TO ADVERTISE ME NTS, 
PAGE 
Auction Sales. 
Protheroe & Morris _ 338 
Bulbs. 
R. Smith & Co. 350 
Catalogues. 
J. Backhouse & Son. 351 
F. C. Heinemann . 33S 
Kelway & Son. 339 
Chrysanthemums. 
W. E. Boyce . 337 
N. Davis . 337 
H. English . 350 
Head Gardener . 337 
J. Laing & Sons . 338 
R. Owen . 337 
G. Stevens. 337 
W. Thompson. 337 
Climbers. 
W. Fromow & Sons . 350 
G. Jackman & Son. 350 
R. Smith & Co. 350 
Coal anil Coke. 
G. J. Eveson ... 337 
Cut Flowers. 
Gregory & Evans . 337 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead. 351 
H. English .. 350 
Smith. 337 
Florists’ Flowers. 
J. Galvin. 337 
W. Golby . 337 
J. Laing & Sons. 337 
Fruit Trees. 
G. Bunyard & Co. 338 
G. Jackman & Son. 350 
R. Neal. 351 
Fruit Trees and Roses. 
Joshua Le Cornu & Son 339 
T. Rivers & Son ... . 351 
R. Smith & Co. 350 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
J. Arnold. 337 
A. Chandler. 337 
Carson & Sons. 33S 
G. Coppin & Sons. 337 
Benjamin Edgington. 352 
Hirst, Brooke &"Hirst .. 337 
H. G Smyth . 33S 
Standard Manufacturing 
Co. 337 
The “Stott” Distributor 352 
Insecticides. 
J. Bentley . 3.52 
Bridgford’s Antiseptic ... 337 
Fir Tree Oil. 352 
Gishurst Compound ...... 337 
Geo. Murray. 337 
Picrena.. 352 
Heating Apparatus. 
Jones & Attwood . 352 
Thames Bank Iron Co.... 352 
page 
Horticultural Builders. 
J Boyd & Sons . 337 
W. Cooper . 352 
C. Frazer's Exors. 352 
J. Gray. 337 
A. Peel & Sons . 337 
W. Richardson & Co. ... 337 
J. Weeks & Co. 337 
Manures. 
W. H. Beeson.. 337 
Native Guano Company 352 
Standens’ . 337 
W. Thomson & Sons. 337 
Miscellaneous. 
Epps’ Cocoa. 352 
Gishurstine . 337 
Harrison's Knitter. 33S 
Mrs. S. Heywood . 337 
A. Outram . 352 
Smyth's Orchid Baskets 337 
Mushroom Spawn. 
Win. Cutbush & Son. 351 
Orchids. 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Company. 33 s 
P. McArthur . 337 
Plant Club . 337 
Roses. 
H. English . 337 
G. Jackman & Son. 350 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Co. 351 
J. Walters . 332 
Seeds. 
Allen...-. 337 
Bell, Stuart & Co. 337 
John R. Box . 337 
Daniels Bros. 351 
Dickson’s. 33 s 
Dobbie *C'. 337 
John Forbes. 351 
W. Fromow & Sons . 350 
W. B Hartland . 337 
Jarman & Co. . 350 
R. B. Laird & Sons . 337 
Little & Ballantyne . 350 
Ryder & Son . 335 
R. Smith & Co. 350 
B. Soddy . 339 
Stuart & Mein.. 350 
Sutton & Sons. 337 
R. Sydenham . 339 
J. Veitch & Sons. 339 
Webb & Sons . 339 
B. S. Williams & Son ... 337- 
Situations Vacant . 351 
Stove and Greenhouse 
Plants. 
H. English . 350 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Co. 351 
Trees. 
G. Jackman & Sons . 350 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Co. 351 
R. Neal. 350 
R. Smith & Co. 350 
