444 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
March 15, 1890. 
ORCHID NOT ES AND G LEANINGS. 
Phaius hybridus Cooksoni. 
Judging from general appearances, this is a hybrid 
between Phaius grandifolius and P. tuberculosus. The 
sepals and petals resemble those of the former in shape, 
and are of a soft rosy flesh colour. The lip is large, 
and very much of the same shape as that of P. tuber¬ 
culosus, but is of a brownish red, spotted with dull 
purple, and has only a single central longitudinal ridge 
instead of three, and that is of a brownish red. The 
leaves are lanceolate, ribbed, and resemble those of P. 
grandifolius, but are shorter. It was exhibited at the 
Drill Hall, Westminster, on Tuesday last, by N. E. 
Cookson, Escp, and received a First Class Certificate. 
Lycaste Skinneri, Young’s var. 
The sepals of this variety are large, pure white, and 
spreading, while the petals are erect and white, tinted 
with pale salmon. The lip is of a deep fulvous salmon, 
with a white crest, and therefore is not only exceed¬ 
ingly distinct as a variety of L. Skinneri, but shows a 
new and uncommon departure amongst the numerous 
forms of that species now in cultivation. It was 
exhibited by Reginald Young, Esq., at the meeting of 
the Royal Horticultural Society on Tuesday, and was 
awarded a First Class Certificate. 
Dendrobium signatum. 
The pseudo-bulbs of this Dendrobe are fusiform, bearing 
linear, light green, sub-persistent leaves. The flowers 
are borne laterally near the top of the pseudo-bulbs in 
clusters of two or three. The sepals and petals are 
yellow, the latter slightly twisted, and the lip is con¬ 
volute round the column at the very base, semi flattened 
upwards and oblong-ovate ; it is yellow with a large, 
deep brown transverse blotch near the base. A First 
Class Certificate was awarded it by the Royal Horti¬ 
cultural Society on Tuesday, when it was shown by 
Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., M.P., Burford Lodge, 
Dorking. 
Dendrobium Aspasia. 
The seed parent of this hybrid was D. aureum, ferti¬ 
lised with the pollen of D. Wardianum. The sepals 
are white, tipped with white, like those of the pollen 
parent, and the ovate, undulate petals are similarly 
coloured. The lip is ovate and oraDge-brown on a 
yellow 'ground in the lower part, surrounded with a 
white band, and tipped with purple, thus showing the 
influence of both parents in the same organ. It was 
shown by Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, at the 
meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on Tuesday, 
and was awarded a First Class Certificate. 
Oncidium Larkinianum. 
This is a supposed hybrid between Oncidium Gardner- 
ianum and 0. Marshallianum. The sepals are small 
and brown, transversely streaked with yellow ; while 
the petals are large, obeordate and rich chestnut-brown, 
beautifully frilled or marbled with yellow round the 
margin. The lip is very large, with a four-lobed, 
bright yellow lamina, reminding one of 0. varicosum 
Rogersii in the lobing, but not in colour. The basal 
paTt and the crest are closely spotted with brown. It 
was exhibited by J. Larkin, Esq. (gardener, Mr. C. 
Rann), Periville, Highbury New Park, at the last 
meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, and 
received an Award of Merit. 
-- 
HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES. 
Royal Horticultural .—March 11 th. 
The number and extent of the exhibits at the Drill 
Hall on Tuesday last testified to the return of more 
genial weather, and the return of spring flowers 
generally, such as Narcissi, Orchids, Azaleas, Cinerarias, 
Amaryllis, and various hard-wooded subjects. Ferns 
and Apples were also exhibited to some extent. 
A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. 
William Paul & Son, Waltham Cross, for an extensive 
collection of Camellia blooms, exhibited in boxes. 
Amongst the firier~kinds_ were Mathotiana, ied; Alba 
plena and Princess Charlotte, whiteCountess of 
Orkney and Montinoni, blush ; Cup of Beauty, white, 
blotched rose ; L’Avenir, rose and white stripe ; and 
many others. Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, had 
a collection of Amaryllis, including Clarinda, Irma, 
and Parepa, light kinds ; The Champion, a huge 
scarlet flower; Robin Hood, Romela, and Oracle, 
scarlet, with a white star. They also showed some 
hybrid forms of Azalea mollis, and splendid baskets of 
Primula obconica, Pieris japonica, Boronia megastigma, 
and B. heteropbylla. Messrs. Barr & Son, Covent 
Garden, had a large collection of Daffodils, including 
Narcissus bicolor Horsfieldi, N. maximus, N. princeps, 
N. Ard-Righ, N. spurius Golden Spur, N. s. Henry 
Irving, N. minimus, and N. cernuus ; also Chionodoxa 
Lucilite, C. L. gigantea, Anemone fulgens, and others. 
Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, Kent, showed a 
collection of Cinerarias, named, amongst which were 
Sailor Prince, Nothing Like It, Miss Cooper, and other 
good kinds. A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to 
Mr. H. B. May, Upper Edmonton, for a collection of 
Aralias, Crotons, Pandanus, and Ferns of well-known 
decorative kinds. From the Royal Gardens, Kew, 
came a collection of plants and cut flowers, such as 
Godwinia gigas, Buphane toxicaria, Arissema speciosum, 
Strelitzia Nicolai, Columnea Kalbreyeri, Yucca arto- 
carpifolia, Acer oblongum, with the young foliage red, 
Dracontium foecundum, Rhododendron grande, and 
others, such as are seldom seen in private establish¬ 
ments. 
A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. 
B. S. Williams & Son for a collection of Orchids, 
consisting largely of Odontoglossums, set up with 
Palms and Ferns. Amongst the Orchids were Lycaste 
flavescens, Odontoglossum baphicanthum, 0. cirrhosum, 
O. Andersonianum, 0. Halli, and 0. Sanderianum. 
Messrs. F. Sander & Co., St. Albans, had a collection 
of Orchids, amongst which were some large pieces of 
Dendrobium nobile and D. Wardianum. Other fine 
things were Phaius hybridus Cooksoni, P. tuberculosus, 
Lvcaste Skinneri, Young’s var. and Oncidium heteran- 
thum. Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., M.P., Burford 
Lodge, Dorking, had Dendrobium signatum. and a 
curious species named D. Smillise. Mr. Geo. Wythes, 
Syon House, Brentford, showed Coelogyne cristata 
Syon House var., and a fine variety of Cypripedium 
villosum. G. Appleyard, Esq., Saville House, Halifax, 
had an Odontoglossum named 0. Appleyardianum. 
G. Firth, Esq. (gardener, Mr. Collier), Manoingham 
Thorp, Bradford, showed a beautiful variety of Cattleya 
Triame, with a very dark lip. J. Larkin, Esq. (gar¬ 
dener, Mr. C. Rann), Periville, Highbury New Park, 
exhibited a beautiful Onci lium named 0. Larkinianum, 
a supposed hybrid between O. Gardnerianum and 0. 
Marshallianum. Messrs. H. Low & Co., Clapton, 
staged flowers of Vanda Amesiana, Phalfenopsis 
Schilleriana, and plants of Cattleya Trianre marginata, 
P. amabilis, Angrtecum citratum and another new 
species. F. G. Tautz, Esq. (gardener, Mr.C. J. Cowley), 
Studley House, Hammersmith, staged Odontoglossum 
Pescatorei melanoeentrum, Cypripedium Rothschild- 
ianum, and C. selligerum rubrum. H. B. Mildmay, 
Esq. (gardener, Mr. Cliffe), Shoreham Place, Sevenoaks, 
showed Cattleya Trianse fulgens, a dark-lipped variety. 
Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt, showed a group of 
Coelogyne cristata major, and C. c. Chatsworth var., 
besides some pot plants and a collection of Rose 
blooms. Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons had a number 
of new Orchids, including Cypripedium Numa, 
C. Othello, Dendrobium Aspasia, Cymbidium 
eburneo-Lowianum, Dendrobium Wardiano-japonicum, 
and D. micans. Messrs. J. Laing & Sons Forest Hill, 
showed Cattleya Triame Tyrianthia, and Carnation 
Madame Arthur Waroeque, a scarlet variety of 
Souvenir de la Malmaison. From Mr. J. T. Gilbert, 
Dyke, Bourne, Lincolnshire, came some fine pieces of 
Fritillaria imperialis, and a deep yellow Primrose named 
Ye Primrose Dame. Some pots of Billbergia nutans 
were brought up from the gardens of the Royal 
Horticultural Society at Chiswick. 
At a meeting of the Fruit Committee, A. H. Smee, 
Esq. (gardener, Mr. G. W. Cummins), The Grange, 
Wallington, showed a good collection of Apples in 
fine condition, amongst which were New Hawthornden, 
Lord Derby, Hoary Morning, Beauty of Kent, and 
Alfriston. He also showed a few Pears. A Silver 
Banksian Medal was awarded the exhibit. Mr. Miller, 
gardener to Lord Foley, Ruxley Lodge, Claygate, 
Esher, had some Pears ; and Messrs. R. Veitch & Son, 
Exeter, showed Ashford’s Seedling Apple and Madame 
Millet Pear. - 
Broughty Perry and District. 
The seventh annual festival and assembly of the 
Broughty and District gardeners was held in the 
Volunteer Hall on the 7th inst., when there was a 
large attendance of gardeners and their friends, about 
400 sitting down to tea. The chair was occupied by 
R. B. Don, Esq., Seafteld Cottage, who was supported 
by the Rev. Mr. Lumsden, Mr. R. B. Laird and Mr. 
James Laird, Monifieth Nurseries ; Mr. Simpson, 
Dalhousie Nurseries ; Mr. Storrie, of Messrs. Storrie 
& Storrie, Dundee ; and Messrs. Ross, Reres, Fulton 
(Carbit Castle), Milne, "VV. S. "Watt, &c. After tea, 
the chairman, in the course of an interesting speech, 
referred to the rise and decline of fashions in gardening, 
and contrasted the fashions of a quarter of a century ago 
with those of the present day. He was glad to see the 
herbaceous borders coming into vogue again, and he 
thought they were likely to last. Daffodils, which 
have been admired since the tim9 of Shakespeare, were 
again comiDg into favour, and he thought the pre¬ 
vailing fashion was in accordance with the canons of 
good taste. The musical pait of the programme was 
then entered upon, and ably carried through. The 
Rev. Mr. Lumsden in the course of the evening said 
there was, he thought, not another place in Scotland 
where there were so many gardeners as in Broughty 
Ferry, and he did not see why they should not be the 
best gardeners in the world. Certainly Broughty 
Ferry owed much of its beauty to the skill of the 
gardeners, and he hoped to see a school of botany 
established in the district for the benefit of apprentice 
gardeners. 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
Chrysanthemum, Triomphe du Nord. — Mum: The Chry¬ 
santhemum is not self-fertilising, at all events in the case of 
the large-flowering kinds. Pompons and single kinds, which 
frequently produce seed out of doors in summer, are doubtless 
visited and fertilised by insects. We examined every floret 
which you sent, and found the styles and stigmas apparently 
perfect but very short. Filaments were sometimes present in 
a more or less rudimentary condition ; but we failed to find a 
single anther, so that pollen is quite out of the question. You 
may possibly find some in the central florets; and if so the best 
method of proceeding would be to take a pen-knife, and care¬ 
fully slit open the tubular florets without otherwise injuring 
them until you lay bare the style, with its two short branches 
or stigmas. Apply the jiollen to the latter with a camel-hair 
brush, and maintain a dry atmosphere in the house to prevent 
damping and encourage the setting of the fruit or seeds as they 
are often termed. Provided you can get pollen, you might treat 
a considerable number of florets in this way. 
Names of Plants.— Llewellyn .—1, Dendrobium densiflorum ; 
2, Hyrsiphyllum aspaiagoides ; 3, Alonsoa incisifolia. IF. J. D.: 
1, Deutzia crenata ; 2, Stachys lanata. Temple: Staphylea 
colchica, not Anyris. D.R.P.: 1, Deutzia gracilis; 2, Euonymus 
japonicus foliis aureis variegatis ; 3, Libonia floribunda; 4 , 
Gasteria verrucosa ; 5, Aspidium angulare proliferum ; 6, Pteris 
serrulata. 
Nuts.— R.: We should hardly say that the Hazel produces 
two crops of female flowers in a year. It is more probable that 
a succession is kept up for some considerable time, and should 
stormy or frosty weather set in, growth is suspended for a time, 
to be afterwards resumed. Or the first developed blooms might 
actually get destroyed by frost, while those produced on the 
return of fine weather would set, and ultimately ripen fruit. 
All the flowers are already formed in the buds during autumn, 
and are ready to expand on the advent of mild weather, and 
should their successive development get checked, to be after¬ 
wards resumed, we should consider that two distinct crops of 
bloom had been produced. 
Odontoglossum.— James Brown: The specimen you sent us is 
a good form of Odontoglossum crispum Andersonianum. All 
the parts were creamy white, and the sepals had a large 
chocolate-red blotch about the middle of each, while the lip had 
a larger and brighter blotch in front of the crest. It is some¬ 
thing in the way of Pollett’s var,, but the tips of the sepals and 
petals of the latter are tinted with rosy mauve, and the blotches 
on the petals are fewer but larger. 
Orchids.— James Cocker: The Odontoglossum crispum 
(Alexandras) is a small, medium quality flower, but may improve 
somewhat under cultivation. The Odontoglossum Rossii majus 
is a good variety, 
Peach Trees and Black-fly.— Llewellyn : If all your trees 
are alike, they are indeed in a sorry plight. It would have been 
a good plan to fumigate the house on two successive nights 
before the trees came into bloom. After the flowering period 
is over you may then commence the extirpation of the insect 
in real earnest, by syringing with strong soap-suds. A solution 
consisting of \ pound of sott-soap to a gallon of water, to which 
has been added a small quantity of tobacco-juice will be quite 
strong enough to be effectual, provided it is forcibly applied by 
means of a syringe or garden engine so as to reach and 
thoroughly drench the insects. The trees may be thoroughly 
syringed with clean water the following day. The operation 
may afterwards be repeated if necessary, and by doing it care¬ 
fully and thoroughly you will be able to exterminate the pest. 
Spir.ea (Astilbe) japonica. —A D.: You give us no informa¬ 
tion as to how you have been treating the plants, consequently 
it is not easy to say what may have caused the leaves to turn 
brown. When young they are very tender, and violent changes 
in the temperature will cause the mischief, as also will excessive 
fumigation and want of moisture. When making rapid growth, 
they want treating almost like aquatics, and you have probably 
kept them too dry. 
Sulphate of Ammonia. — An Enquirer: This is a very 
powerful manure, but must- always be used with extreme 
caution. It is applied to Chrysanthemums when they are swell¬ 
ing their buds, and the pots are full of roots, at the rate of one 
table spoonful to four gallons of water, and applied once a week. 
It is applied also to other flowering plants, but in small quanti¬ 
ties, always with great care, and always in a liquid form. VYe 
should not apply it to Vine borders. 
Communications Received.— H. J. Y.—J. H. K. — S. & S.— 
J. H.— G. W.—A. G.— R. T.—B. L. (next week)-H. B. II — 
W. S. 
-->3K-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
March 10 th. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditcli, and 39, Seed 
Market, Mark Lane, E.C., report English Red Clover 
and Cow Grass very plentiful, trade slow, at a re¬ 
duction of prices current last week. White Clover, 
Alsike and Trefoil steady. Rye Grasses in moderate 
request at unchanged rates. 
-- 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
March 11th. 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Artichokes, Globe,doz. 3 0 6 0 
Asparagus ....per 100 S 0 15 0 
Beans, French, per lb. 1 6 2 6 
Beet .per dozen 2 0 3 0 
Cabbages.... per doz. 16 26 
Carrots ....perbunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers, English, 
per dozen 3 0 6 0 
Celery .... per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers ....each 0 6 10 
Endive, French, doz. 2 6 3 
s.d. s.d. 
Herbs .... per hunch 0 2 0 4 
Horse Radisn, bundle 3 0 5 0 
Lettuces .. per dozen 16 2 0 
Mushrooms, p. basket 13 2 0 
Onions.. ..per bushel 3 6 5 0 
Parsley... .per hunch 0 6 
Radishes ..per dozen 1 6 
Small salading, punnet 0 4 
Spinach, per strike ..20 
Tomatos ....per lb. 0 0 10 
Turnijs _per bun. 0 6 
Kent Kidneys, 
Potatos.- Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton; 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d s.d. 1 «.<J. s.d. 
Apples .J-sieve 2 0 7 0 Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 10 16 
— Nova Scotia, barrel 12 0 IS 0 —St. Michaels, each 2 6 7 6 
Grapes .per lb. 3 0 5 0 Strawberries.. per oz. 0 6 10 
