July 19, 1890. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
725 
that the address and Mrs. Thrower’s reply be recorded 
in the minutes. 
The hon. secretary then read a letter he had received 
from the Royal Horticultural Society, inviting affilia¬ 
tion, but it was moved by Mr. E. C. Jukes, seconded by 
Mr. J. Wright, and carried, that it was not advisable 
to do so. 
New vice-presidents were elected, including the 
Duke of Sutherland, and twenty-three new members 
and Fellows added to the roll. Some interesting cor¬ 
respondence was read from societies in New Zealand 
and Australia, and thirteen English local horticultural 
and Chrysanthemum societies applied for affiliation, 
which was acceded to in every case. 
Votes of thanks to the chairman and secretary 
brought the meeting, which was well attended, to a 
close. 
-->33<-- 
THE CAMPIONS. 
A large number of the species of Lychnis are now in 
bloom, and add largely to the beauty of the garden 
when planted in anything like the numbers their 
ornamental character would warrant. Whether planted 
in beds or borders they are most effective when 
seen in a mass. One of their chief recommendations is 
their great hardiness, and even where comparatively 
short lived they can be propagated by cuttings, and in 
any quantity by seeds, which most of them ripen in 
great abundance. Any good garden soil will suit their 
requirements provided it is well drained. 
Lychnis ciialcedonica.— While this is one of the 
commonest in gardens it is one of the most useful. 
The stems vary from 2 ft. to 3 ft. in height, and 
terminate in a densely fascicled corymb of brilliant 
scarlet flowers. There is a double form that is even 
more useful and durable, and all are shitable for mixing 
with cut flowers. Single and double white forms, as 
well as other colours, exist in some gardens, but 
except for the sake of variety, they cannot be said to 
offer any improvement upon the typical scarlet, 
whether single or double. The rootstock does not 
increase very rapidly, but the plant may be propagated 
by means of seeds, or if it is desired to keep any variety 
true to name, cuttings of the flowering stems may be 
used before they get too old. A bud is developed in 
the axil of one of the two leaves only, and alternately 
along the sides of the stem. Advantage can be taken 
of these by putting them in sandy soil exactly like 
Hollyhock eyes. 
L. coronaria. —The hoary foliage of this species is 
alone sufficient to entitle it to a place in gardens. The 
flowers are of a brilliant almost carmine-red in good 
forms, and individually larger than those of L. chal- 
cedonica ; but instead of being produced in flat dense 
cymes, they are borne singly on elongated peduncles. 
The inflorescence is much branched, and a long 
succession of bloom is kept up. Although the stems 
under favourable conditions will attain a height of 3 ft., 
the average height is 18 ins., which is quite sufficient 
for border or other decoration. There is a pure white 
variety which is very choice in its way, but its beauty 
is best recognised when grown in the vicinity of the 
type by way of contrast. The hoary character of the 
foliage detracts in a measure from the prominence the 
flowers would possess if the leaves were of a dark green. 
The culture of the plant is of the easiest, and conse¬ 
quently we find it in many a cottage garden. The best 
plants are obtained from seeds, although propagation 
may also be effected by dividing the rootstock some time 
in March, or later according to the state of the weather. 
L. Flos-Jovis. —This is a much neater species than 
either of the foregoing, but having hoary, woolly foliage, 
it may be compared to L. coronaria, but the infloresence 
is entirely different, and consists of a flat umbellate 
head, bearing bright rose or purple flowers. The stems 
generally average about 1 ft. in height, and all parts as 
well as the foliage are densely felted with a white 
tomentum. The species, like its near ally L. coronaria, 
is sometimes classed under the genus Agrostemma. It 
is, perhaps, somewhat more tender and impatient of 
wet than L. coronaria, but in well-drained soil it will 
occasion no difficulty. In naturally wet districts the 
best plan would be to cultivate it on a rockery, so that 
moisture would not lodge about the base of the leaves, 
nor saturate the roots. It may be propagated in the 
same way as L. coronaria. 
L. fulgens. —There are many forms of this in culti¬ 
vation, and many of them are exceedingly interesting 
and ornamental. The typical form was introduced 
from Siberia in 1822, and although it has large 
vermilion flowers, the four-lobed petals are narrow and 
wedge-shaped, with the side lobes resembling fringes, 
and the five petals, each with their four lobes, diverge 
in a star-like fashion. The plant is, however, dwarf, 
varying from 8 ins. to 12 ins., according to conditions. 
The variety L. f. grandiflora has large scarlet flowers 
and broad segments almost meeting at the sides. It is 
a native of China, and somewhat more tender than the 
Siberian form. For this reason it would be a good 
plan to keep a few small plants as a reserve stock in a 
cold frame. L. f. Sieboldii has smaller flowers than 
the last, but the petals, although presenting the same 
four-lobed character of the type to a certain degree, are 
broader and imbricated. The variety is a very choice 
one, and comes from Japan. L. f. Haageana also 
differs from the type in having broader petals, forming 
a nearly close flower. The latter is borne in clusters of 
one to three on short erect stems. The variety is of 
garden origin, and varies in the colours of its flowers 
from scarlet to pure white, and seeds of the various 
kinds may readily be obtained of the seedsmen. 
L. diurna flore fleno. —The typical form of this 
British plant is well known to everybody under some 
name or other, but is best known as the Red Campion. 
The double-flowered variety is the most ornamental 
and desirable for horticultural purposes. The flowers 
being perfectly double no seeds are obtainable, and the 
plant also proves rather obstinate in the hands of the 
propagator, who can hardly get cuttings to form roots. 
Division of the root-stock may, however, be readily 
effected early in spring. Good-sized plants in 
moderately rich moist soil, continue to produce flowers 
for a longer period than the typical single form. 
L. vespertina flore pleno. —Like the last the type 
of this is a British wilding, and a very beautiful one ; 
but more regard is paid to the double form in gardens. 
The flowers are pure white, large and fragrant, but more 
particularly in the cool of the evening. The plant 
varies from 1 ft. to 3 ft. in height, but usually 
maintains a medium state. In a list of ornamental 
Campions of a perennial character, and suitable for 
garden decoration, there are several other very fine 
things that ought not to be omitted, but the above are 
now at their best, and objects of great attraction in the 
garden. 
AQUILEG-IA, RED GOLD. 
Through the kindness of Mr. S. Barlow, Stakehill 
House, Castleton, Manchester, who sent us a flower, we 
are enabled to give an illustration of a charming new 
double Aquilegia raised by him. The name Red Gold 
explains the colour, for the numerous stout hooked 
spurs are of a deep red, while the lamina of the 
numerous petals is of a bright golden yellow. The 
sepals are also red, stained with violet and green, but 
they are sharply deflexed owing to the number of spurs 
crowding above them, and therefore play no conspicuous 
part in the beauty of the flower. It was derived from 
a hybrid form of A. chrysantha crossed with pollen 
from A. californica ; and seeing that the stamens, or a 
number of them, and the styles are still perfect, a 
race of doubles may be obtained as beautiful and 
interesting in their way as those obtained from A. 
vulgaris, and now common in many gardens. The 
foliage is light and elegant, as in the parents. 
A BELGIAN CHRYSANTHEMUM 
CATALOGUE. 
Under the title of “ Liste descriptive des Chrysan- 
th&mes d’hiver,’’ Mons. 0. de Meulenaere, a prominent 
exhibitor at the Ghent Chrysanthemum shows, has 
issued a handy, portable little volume of much service 
to French and Belgian Chrysanthemum cultivators. 
Notwithstanding the increasing popularity of this 
valuable winter favourite on the Continent, it is 
remarkable that no attempt has yet been made by any 
of the recognised horticultural societies to publish an 
authoritative Chrysanthemum list similar to our 
National catalogue. The Continental grower has, there¬ 
fore, nothing to refer to as a standard but the ordinary 
trade lists, which are in France, as in England, more or 
less reliable, according to the firms that issue them. It 
is not, then, surprising to find an ardent enthusiast and 
successful exhibitor like M. de Meulenaere, engaged in 
the compilation of that which for a long time past 
must have been felt to be a great desideratum. 
The compiler acknowledges his indebtedness to the 
official catalogue of our National Chrysanthemum 
Society, and, indeed, his “ Liste descriptive ” is almost 
wholly a translation of the English one. The plan 
adopted by M. de Meulenaere has been to make his 
work a simple alphabetical list from beginning to end. 
Those varieties fully described in the National select 
lists have been incorporated with those mentioned in 
the alphabetical list in the N. C. S. catalogue, and 
thus the Belgian work is in one part onty. It will be 
remembered that in the former part of the English 
work, very exhaustive particulars concerning each 
variety are given, but that in the latter half of it the 
name of the flower only is mentioned, and a quite brief 
indication of colour given. 
The effect when the two portions of the National 
catalogue are blended into one is curious to the eye, 
for every nowand then one finds a name with four lines 
of description, as full as can possibly be required, and 
then follow others which have not the same number of 
words. 
The classification is somewhat extended by M. de 
Meulenaere, for he makes ten groups, viz. :—Large 
Anemones, Japanese Anemones, Pompon Anemones, 
Medium flowers, Large flowers, Incurved, Japanese, 
Reflexed Japanese, Pompon, and Reflexed. 
We fail to see the utility of the two classes called 
Medium and Large. Whatever Chrysanthemums are 
included under these headings could certainly be 
properly referred to one of the Anemone, one of the 
Reflexed, or to the Incurved sections. 
Some additions are made by including the new 
varieties distributed since the date of publication 
of the N. C. S. catalogue. M. de Meulenaere 
does not appear to be in possession of a great stock of 
Chrysanthemum lore, for there are many omissions of 
dates, raisers’ names, and other details which could 
have easily been supplied. The work will not compete 
seriously with any catalogue in this country, for besides 
being printed entirely in French, there are numerous 
little errors which ought to have been avoided. It 
would be too long a task to pick them all out, and when 
it is considered that this work is not only the first of 
the kind in Belgium, but on the Continent, some 
amount of consideration must be allowed. 
The book is got up in nice style, is neatly printed 
and bound, and the sole agents for this country are 
Messrs. John Laing & Sons, of Forest Hill. 
—=— 
ROSA FEROX. 
The plant figured under this name in Miss Lawrence’s 
Roses, t. 42, and also described and figured in Loudon’s 
Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum, is the Rosa 
rugosa, a species from Japan, and now well known in 
gardens. The true R. ferox of M. Bieberstein is but 
little known in gardens at the present day. We have 
been favoured with specimens from Mr. W. G. Baker, 
curator at the Oxford Botanic Garden. It forms a 
dwarf and closely branched bush about 3 ft. high, and 
is densely clothed with small, dark green leaves, some-' 
what similar to those of the Scotch Rose (R. spino- 
sissima). Each leaf consists of five to seven ovate, 
roundly ovate, and even obovate leaflets, doubly 
glandular-serrate on the margins, and densely glandular 
on the back, making it closely related to our native 
Sweet-briar (R. rubiginosa). The stems are armed 
with numerous spines of various sizes, and the larger 
ones are hooked. The flowers on the specimens sent 
were solitary, but two and three are also produced in a 
