October 21, 1893. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
121 
Robert Parker, one of the best.— A. G.: i, Cattleya 
Forbesii; 2. Cattleya Loddigesii.—y. L. : i, Veronica 
speciosa; 2, Pentstemon campanulatus; 3, Calceo¬ 
laria amplexicaulis ; 4, Veronica parviflora augusti- 
folia; 5, Hedysarum coronarium.—S. IP. ; i, Aster 
cordifolius elegans ; 2, Aster Novi-Belgii var. , 3. 
Berberis Darwini; 4, Crataegus Pyracantha.—H. 
Longman: i, Aspidium angulare proliferum; 2. 
Aspidium munitum; 3' Scolopendrium vulgare 
crispum ; 4, Asplenium fontanum. 
Age of Fruit Trbf.s.—D elta : It all depends upon 
the way you look at the subject. If you desire the 
trees to commence fruiting at an early period, that is 
the first or second year after planting, you should 
get the trees three years old. Of course they would 
be more expensive, but it is the only way to get or to 
expect a quick return. On the other hand, if you 
have no objection to wait for the trees to develop, 
you can buy them only of one season’s growth from 
the graft, and you would then have the pleasure of 
training them as you felt inclined. 
Planting Fruit Trees. — Delta : Round holes are 
better than square ones. You can make the holes 
as wide and as deep as you like, and the wider and 
deeper the better, but you must not plant the trees 
deeper than they were before, that is, when in the 
nursery. The smallest limit would depend upon the 
size of the trees themselves, but we should endeavour 
to have them as wide as possible, seeing that you 
are planting on turf where you may not want to 
trench the ground. Loosen the bottom well up, and 
make holes considerably wider than the spread of 
the roots, so that you may get some fresh soil into 
them. 
Keeping Vegetables. — Delta asks: '• How should 
green vegetables be treated on their arrival in London 
so as to keep them fresh as long as possible.” 
[If it is desirable to keep them as long as possible 
in any condition they should not be kept in bulk, 
but spread out in a cool cellar or on a damp floor, 
and some may be assisted by being sprinkled with 
water. But Londoners do not want vegetables kept 
any time ; they prefer them as fresh as they can get 
them, and the fresher the better.— Ed.] 
Tomatos. — S. S.: "TheTomato "by W. Iggulden, 
Marston House Gardens, Frome, price is., and pub¬ 
lished at the Journal of Horticulture Office, 171, Fleet 
are ready to lay their eggs upon the trees again. 
Nothing but close and early inspection will show 
when the slug-like creatures are ready to lay up, 
when of course the lime must be applied immediately, 
or even before that event. When they moult for the 
last time the skin is yellow. The attainment of this 
stage will depend upon the nature of the season and 
various other circumstances. 
Evergreen Trees and Shrubs for the Sea¬ 
side. —C/ms. Ward.: The following give great satis¬ 
faction, particularly on south and west coasts : — 
Cupressusmacrocarpa, Escalloniamacrantha, Tama- 
rix gallica, Myricaria germanica, Euonymus japoni- 
cus and its numerous variegated varieties, Pinus 
insignis, P. austriaca, P. maritima. Ivies of various 
sorts, Veronica salicifolia, V. parviflora, V. hybrida 
imperialis, V. decussata, V. Traversii, V. Andersoni 
variegata, and other species, Gorse, &c. 
Communications Received. —W. G. H.—B. F.— 
W. R—S.—T. W.—Amateur—J.T.—Grampound— 
W. S. A.—J. H. W.—E. 
-- 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Dicksons & Co., i, Waterloo Place, Edinburgh.— 
Fruit Trees, Roses, Carnations, and Violas. 
F. W. Kelsey, 145, Broadway,New York.—Choice 
Hardy Trees, Shrubs, and Plants. 
Richard Smith & Co., St. John’s Nurseries, 
Worcester.—General Catalogue of Nursery Stock. 
T, Jannock, Dersingham, Norfolk.—Bulbs, Plants, 
&c. 
Louis Leroy, Angers, France.—-Wholesale Trade 
List of general Nursery Stock. 
-- 
LONDOM SEED TRADE. 
October ijth, 1893. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, and 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, report a moderate 
demand for Winter Tares, Rye, and Trifolium 
incarnatum at unchanged rates. English Red 
Clover offers on easier terms. White Clover, 
Alsike, and Trefoil steady. 
Street. 
Cactus Dahlias. — R. B. : If well grown, the 
undermentioned dozen varieties would be difficult to 
beat for exhibition purposes. It must be remem¬ 
bered that some of them are new and expensive. 
They are Mrs Peart, white (new); Delicata, pink 
shading to yellow in the centre; Kynerith, brilliant 
vermilion ; Countess of Radnor, intermediate be¬ 
tween a Cactus and decorative Dahlia, orange, 
bronze and yellow; Robert Cannell, rich magenta 
shaded blue at the tips ; Sir Roger, soft orange-red ; 
Viscountess Folkestone, soft primrose; Juarezi, 
intense scarlet; Beauty of Arundel, glowing crim¬ 
son ; Beauty of Brentwood, dark purple; Henry 
Patrick, white ; and Robert Maher, golden yellow. 
Wintering Dahlias. — R. B. : We should be very 
doubtful about trusting a collection of Dahlias 
stored in a pit, or hogg as you term it, especially if 
put together in large heaps. The damp and cold 
would cause some of them to rot and they in turn 
would rot others. A better plan would be to keep 
them for a time in a house with a warm, dry at¬ 
mosphere till they parted with a considerable 
amount of their superfluous moisture, and then store 
them in barrels and keep in some frost-proof shed 
or fruit room. They might be examined once or 
twice during the winter to remove any that might be 
rotting. If you wish to try them in a pit covered 
with soil, use those of which you have duplicates 
and store them thinly by way of experiment. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
October 18/A, 1893. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d s. d. 
Apples.per bushel 10 60 
Cob Nuts, per 100 lb. 27 6 30 o 
Grapes, per lb. 0916 
Peaches ... per dozen 16 6 o | 
s. d. s. d 
Plums.i sieve 1630 
Melons.each 06 20 
Pine apples. 
—St. Michael's, each 26 60 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
t. d. t. d. 
ArtichokesGlobe doz. 30 60 
Beans, French, perlb. 0 4 
Beet.per dozen 20 30 
Cabbages ... per doz. 20 30 
Carrots ... per bunch 0 6 
Cauliflov/ers, Eng.dz. 30 50 
Celery.per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers .each 03 06 
Endive, French, doz. 2630 
Herbs .per bunch 02 06 
s. d, s, d. 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Lettuces ...per dozen 20 30 
Mushrooms, p. basket 10 16 
Onions.per bunch 04 06 
Parsley ... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes... per dozen i 6 
Smallsalading,punnet 0 4 
Spinach ... per strike 3 0 
Tomatos. per lb. 0 6 09 
Turnips.per bun. 0 6 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
I. d. s. d. 
Asters, doz. pots . 40 60 
Begonias.per doz. 9 0 12 o 
Chrysanthemumsdoz. 4 o 12 0 
Cissus discolor...each 16 26 
Cyperus .per doz. 4 0 12 0 
Coleus.per doz. 40 60 
Dracaena term., doz. 18 0 36 0 
Dracaena viridis,doz. g 0 18 c 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 0 18 0 
Ferns, small, per 100 4 0 80 
I. d. s d. 
Foliage Plants, doz. 12 0 60 0 
Fuchsia .per doz. 60 90 
Heaths.per doz. 9 0 18 0 
Liliums, various, per 
doz.12 0 24 0 
Marguerites, perdoz. 9 o 12 0 
Mignonette, per doz. 6 o 10 0 
Palms in variety,each 2 6 10 0 
Palms, Specimen ... 15 0 63 0 
Pelargoniums sclt.dz. 20 40 
Solanums ...per doz. 12 0 15 0 
Decayed Hcles in Trees. — R. Lament: Remove 
with axe and chisel as much of the decayed wood 
as possible, and wet the exposed surface all over 
with strong carbolic acid to kill all fungi or their 
spores. After this you may build up the holes with 
bricks, brick-bats, and cement, using a good deal of 
the latter so as to exclude wet as much as possible, 
as well as the spores of fungi. By these means, if 
carefully done, and by occasional inspection to see 
that the cement closely fills every crevice and cavity, 
you can check decay for many years, and thus ensure 
the safety of the trees for many years longer than 
would be the case if left to their own resources. 
Dahlia Sport. — Interested: The phenomenon is 
not particularly uncommon ; in fact, some varieties 
are very liable to it, and show diSerent colours in 
the same bloom, or flowers of different colours may 
occur on the same plant. This behaviour means 
that the two or more colours combined in one 
variety, and obtained from different parents by 
crossing, have become separated in the progeny. 
You might be able to fix the sport by taking shoots 
from branches bearing the flowers of any desired 
colour as early in the season as you can get them, 
and root them so as to get tubers for preservation 
through the winter. 
Slugworm on Pears. — J.: You have done right in 
putting quick-lime on the ground at the foot of the 
trees, but it would be advisable to do this at an 
earlier period, because the insects, after dropping to 
the ground and passing into the pupa state, only re¬ 
main for fifteen days in that condition, and then 
change into the perfect state, when of course they 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s d 
Aram Lilies, i2blms. 60 90 
Asters, doz. buns. 30 60 
Bcuvardias, per bun. 06 10 
Carnations...per doz. 1020 
doz. bunches. 40 80 
Chrysanthemumsdzbn4 090 
doz. blooms.06 20 
Eucharis ...per doz. 40 60 
Gardenias 12 blooms 20 40 
Heliotropes,i2 sprays 04 06 
Lilium Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 60 90 
Lilium speciosum 
doz. blooms 20 40 
MaidenhairFern,i2bs.4 060 
r. d. s. d. 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 20 40 
Orchid Bloom in var. 
per bloom, from 03 10 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 20 40 
Pelargoniums, 12 sps. 06 o g 
— scarlet.12 bchs. 40 60 
Pyrethrum doz. bun. 16 40 
Primula, double, bun. 06 10 
Red Roses, doz. bhs. 6 0 12 0 
Roses, yellow, dozen 20 40 
— Red.doz. blms. 10 16 
— Saffrano...per doz. 1620 
— Tea.per dozen 06 20 
Stephanotis,dz.sprays 20 40 
Tuberoses, per doz 04 06 
OOHSTTElsTTS. 
PAGE 
Ames, Mr. F. L.,the late ...118 
Aroids and Orontiads .118 
Aster Novi-Belgii densus ...117 
Autumn tints.112 
Cattleya Chloris .119 
Cattleya Pheidinae.119 
Chrysanthemums, new.116 
ChrysanthemumSeason,thei 11 
Cypripedium Spicero- 
Lowianum.119 
Dahlias and Chrysanthe¬ 
mums .112 
Dahlias, new.116 
Disa Premier .119 
Floriculture .116 
Fruiterers at the Mansion 
House.113 
Gardeners’ Calendar.120 
Gardeners’ Associations ...120 
Golden Feather, crested ...119 
PAGE 
Goldilocks.119 
Grapes Cracking.115 
Habenaria cinnabarina.119 
Horticultural Lectures.114 
Hydrangeas . ...118 
Johnson’s Gardeners’ 
Dictionary.118 
Labourers and Allotments 113 
Lilies at Heatherbank .115 
Linaria purpurea.118 
Michaelmas Daisies .116 
Mina lobata .119 
Nettles.114 
Plants, new, Certificated ...113 
Raspberries .112 
Rose Season of 1893, the ...114 
Societies.120 
Transplanting Trees.115 
Vegetables, notes on .115 
Year, notes of the.....116 
FLOWER SHOWS, 1893. 
Revised to date. 
OCTOBER. 
24 —R.H.S.. Drill Hall. 
25.—N.C.S. Floral Committee. 
28,29.—Havant Chrysanthemum Show. 
31.—Portsmouth Chrysanthemum Show. 
NOVEMBER. 
I.—Exmouth Chrysanthemum Show. 
1. —Ryde Chrysanthemum Show. 
1.2. —Kent County Chrysanthemum Show. 
1,2 —Battersea Chrysanthemum Show. 
1.2. —Barnstaple Chrysanthemum Shov/. 
1.2. —Watford Chrysanthemum Show. 
2. —Steyning Chrysanthemum Show. 
2.3. —Forest Gate and Stratford Chrysanthemum 
Show. 
2.3. —Ascot Chrysanthemum Show. 
2.3. —Highgate Chrysanthemum Show. 
2.3.4. —Cornwall Chrysanthemum Show. 
3.4. —Crystal Palace Chrysanthemum Show. 
3.4. —Grimsby Chrysanthemum Show. 
6.—St. Neots Chrysanthemum Show. 
6.7.8. —East London Chrysanthemum Show. 
7.8. —Liverpool Chrysanthemum Show. 
7.8. —Eastbourne Chrysanthemum Show. 
7.8. —Brighton Chrysanthemum Show. 
7.8. —Kingston Chrysanthemum Show. 
7.8. —Sevenoaks Chrysanthemum Show. 
7.8. —Leeds Paxton Society’s Chrysanthemum Show. 
7.8. —Truro Chrysanthemum Show. 
7.8. —Wells Chrysanthemum Show. 
7.8.9. —National Chrysanthemum Society at the 
Aquarium. 
8.—Evesham Chrysanthemum Show. 
8.—N.C.S. Floral Committee. 
8. —Pembroke Chrysanthemum Show. 
8.9. —Bath Chrysanthemum Show. 
8.9. —Barnsley Chrysanthemum Show. 
8.9. —Brixton, Streatham, etc.. Chrysanthemum 
Show. 
8.9. —Bournemouth Chrysanthemum Show. 
8.9. —Bath Chrysanthemum Show. 
8.9. —Dalston Chrysanthemum Show. 
8.9. —Guildford Chrysanthemum Show. 
8.9. —Isle of Thanet Chrysanthemum Show. 
8.9. —Northamptonshire Chrysanthemum Society. 
9. —Lizard Chrysanthemum Show. 
9.10. —Finchley Chrysanthemum Show. 
9.10. —Southgate Chrysanthemum Show. 
10.—Reigate Chrysanthemum Show. 
10.—Tenby Chrysanthemum Show. 
10.—Exeter Chrysanthemum Show 
10. —Windsor Chrysanthemum Show. 
10.11. —Derby Chrysathemum Show. 
10.11. —Bradford Chrysanthemum Show. 
10.11. —Pontefract Chrysanthemum Show. 
11. —Bacup Chrysanthemum Show. 
II.—Batley Chrysanthemum Show. 
II.—Crewe Chrysanthemum Show. 
14. —Yeovil Chrysanthemum Show. 
14.15. —Ipswich and East of England Chrysanthe¬ 
mum Show. 
14.15. —Manchester Chrysanthemum Show. 
14.15. —Plymouth Chrysanthemum Show, 
14.15. —Croydon Chrysanthemum Show. 
14.15. —Hartlepool Chrysanthemum Show. 
14,1s.—Cardiff Chrysanthemum Show. 
14,28.—R.H.S., Drill Hall. 
15. —Ealing Chrysanthemum Show. 
15.—Reading Chrysanthemum Show. 
15.16. —Birmingham Chrysanthemum Show. 
15.16. —Bristol Chrysanthemum Show. 
15.16. —Cranbrook Chrysanthemum Show. 
15.16. —Great Yarmouth Chrysanthemum Show. 
15.16. —Winchester Chrysanthemum Show. 
15.16. —York Chrysanthemum Show. 
15.16.17. —Herefordshire Fruit and Chrysanthemum 
Show. 
16.17.18. —Edinburgh Chrysanthemum Show. 
16.17. -—Royal Horticultural Society of Ireland. 
17.—Crediton Chrysanthemum Show. 
18.—Sheffield Chrysanthemum Show. 
17.18. —Stockport Chrysanthemum Show. 
21. —Wexford Chrysanthemum Show. 
22. —Beverley Chrysanthemum Show. 
22.23. —Dundee Chrysanthemum Show. 
23.24. —Norwich Chrysanthemum Show. 
24.25. —Eccles Chrysanthemum Show. 
The Gardening World. 
Price One Penny; Post free, Three-halfpence. 
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