182 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
November 18, 1893. 
C. Schwabe from the other one of this name, for the 
blooms are white, tinted with pink, with a yellow 
shade in the centre. The broad, massive-petalled, 
rich crimson G. W. Childs has already found its way 
here, and cannot fail to be appreciated by a widen¬ 
ing circle of growers. The dowers measure about 
6 in. in diameter, which is large enough for exhibition 
purposes. 
Another flower that requires good growing to get 
it large enough to balance the show boards with the 
big blooms is Madamoiselle Marie Hoste, the 
spreading florets of which extend to a width of 8 in. 
The broad, white florets are very fine. Florence 
Davis measures yin. to 8 in., and is often almost 
pure white. Etoile de Lyon is sometimes very 
highly coloured, but in other cases is pure white, 
when it is the variety Miss Lilian Cope ; both occa¬ 
sionally occur upon the same plant, and measure 
about 9 in. across. Beauty of Exmouth is very at¬ 
tractive, with its curly white petals. Mrs. F. 
Jameson, with its bronzy-orange blooms, and the 
white and massive Avalanche never fail; both are 
dwarf and easily managed. Puritan has produced 
some handsome blooms, which appear small by 
reason of the closely incurved character of the broad 
florets. Mr. E. Beckett, or the Golden Avalanche 
as it is sometimes called, is a fine thing. Cesare 
Costa is a crimson sort, with buff reverse, and 
blooms of large size. Gloire du Rocher is now a 
huge, sub-globular mass of orange and yellow, and 
though paler than when half open, is nevertheless 
fine. W. G. Drover is massive and late as usual. 
Elaine, another early variety, is now globular, and 
tinted with pink. 
Small, but elegantly graceful, is Florence Piercy 
with creamy-white heads of twisted florets. Mrs. 
E. D. Adams has a spread of gin,, but proves as 
difficult as ever to give up its habit of producing a 
hard centre. The bronzy-yellov/ of J. Stanborough 
Dibbens is as dark here as we have seen it. Mr. H. 
Cannell is neat, but only moderate in size. Maiden's 
Blush is almost pure white. Mrs. F. A. Spaulding 
comes very close upon J. S. Dibbens. Wm. Tricker, 
W. H. Lincoln, and Jeanne Delaux are in their best 
form, and very attractive in their way. The early- 
flowering Mon. \Vm. Holmes is now in its ultimate 
form and is almost perfectly globular. Though not 
usually considered an exhibition bloom, the heads 
here are almost sufficiently large to be used for that 
purpose. 
- -i- - 
THE ROSERY. 
Hints to Amateur Rose Growers, 
I HAVE much pleasure in giving a few practical hints 
and also the results of observation and much 
experience among these popular flowers. The idea 
of this short article was suggested to me by several 
readers of your paper, who are aware that I am an 
occasional contributor. After having pointed out 
the causes of a few failures among their own Roses, 
my friends suggested that an article might assist 
numerous other lovers of the Rose. 
There is one piece of advice to be found in the 
majority of Rose catalogues, viz., to dig the soil 
deeply and apply manure with a free hand. 
Generally this part of the cultural directions winds 
up with these' words, “ In fact it is difficult to give 
the Rose too rich a soil.” As far as new plantations 
are concerned this is somewhat misleading. If they 
added to the above extract, “when growing freely 
and able to assimilate such food,” I could cordially 
endorse their advice. As a rule,, the amateur 
rosarian gives his plants too much manurial assist¬ 
ance at first, instead of affording this at a time when 
it is more needed. The only cases in which I would 
apply manure at the time of planting are when the 
soil is naturally of an indifferent character, and also 
when the subsoil is poor. Deep dirging, or trench¬ 
ing, is an important feature when making a new 
rosery, bastard trenching being much the best 
preparation. Bastard trenching is performed as 
follows : Dig out a deep spit of soil the length of 
your ground and carry this to the other end. A 
trench some foot and a half wide is most easily 
worked. Now give a fair dressing of manure on 
the top of the lower soil, and turn this over as 
deeply as possible ; with a spud if it can be managed. 
Having done this, add a little more manure, after 
which the top spit of soil may be turned over from 
the next trench, serving the bottom of the second 
trench in the same manner. When the end of your 
plot of ground is reached the soil removed from the 
first trench will be at hand to fill up the last and 
make all complete. 
The question of what manure is most suitable for 
Roses is also dependent upon the class of soil they 
are to be cultivated in. If an extra stiff soil then 
soot, wood ashes, lime, and similar open manures 
should be applied in preference to cow or pig dung, 
which 'are more suited for soils of a very light 
character. In a medium soil all manures may be 
used to about equal advantage : but 1 much prefer 
a thorough mixture. If not mixed at the time of 
application I wpuld advise that successive mulch¬ 
ings are varied as far as possible. Too much of one 
manure, whatever it may be, is certain to cause 
staleness, or an over-abundance of one particular 
property. Roses enjoy a change of food, but this 
point is by no means sufficiently borne in mind. 
The time of planting is another very important 
item in the cultivation of Roses. Immediately the 
plants are ripe is by far the best time, a considerable 
advantage being gained by getting them in before 
cold weather has robbed the ground of all summer 
heat. This autumn the soil is several degrees 
warmer than for some years past at the same date, 
and as Roses are splendidly ripe, planting can go on 
immediately. When moved early, the soil gets set 
around the roots before winter. There is no need to 
tread upon the ground after the early winter rains, 
and the consequences are that the soil is in much 
better heart, and more favourable to the young roots 
making a congenial home. The selection of plants 
is another matter that needs attention in these hints. 
“ Be sure and send strong plants ” is generally added 
to each order before sending off to the nursery. Now 
there is no gain whatever in having an extra'strong 
plant ; rather the reverse. A strong plant has 
usually got strong roots, and these do not carry 
sufficient fibre to ensure enough support to render 
the strong wood of newly transplanted Roses of any 
value. It is a tax upon the roots, and to no advan¬ 
tage. A medium plant, on the other hand, will have 
more perfect roots, and having less wood to support 
the following spring, will be able to do its first year's 
work efficiently. Strong wood is useless unless the 
roots are established. Dwarfs require planting some 
three inches below the union of Rose and stock ; or, 
if on their own roots, then plant just above the 
crown. Standards do not need such deep planting, 
as is usually the case. Two to three inches is quite 
enough. Firmness should be secured during the 
first two seasons by fixing neat and yet strong stakes 
as supports. 
Fresh planted Roses need a little more protection 
than plants which are established ; and it is a good 
plan to shake a little light litter among the branches 
should severe weather set in. A very little is all 
that is necessary ; more can be afforded during suc¬ 
cessive spells of hard weather. Rain, wind, &c., are 
apt to remove the litter; so that more than one 
slight scattering is better than too heavy a dressing 
at first.— A. P. 
-•*-- 
ARDENING MiSCELLANY. 
LAUREL BERRIES. 
If an abundance of berries on the Laurel bushes 
denotes a hard winter then may we expect the 
coming winter to be a severe one indeed. I have 
noticed how very abundant the berries are this 
season at many places, but nowhere have I seen 
such an extraordinary crop as there is at Cricket St. 
Thomas, near Chard. Every bush was literally 
laden with fruit, while the ground underneath was 
almost black with the berries. These with most 
other fruits are very early and of large size, and 
should provide an abundance of food for the birds. 
Berries of all kinds are very abundant in the western 
counties, and even the Ivy is wonderfully full of 
bloom, and the bees were very busy among the 
blossoms until the 4th inst. This plethora of winter 
berries is no doubt due to the grand summer season. 
— Con. 
APPLE AUTUMN PEARMAIN. 
On casual observation this seems like a large Ribston 
Pippin ; it is ovate with five slight knobs round the 
crown. The skin is pale yellow marbled with russet, 
and more heavily so round the eye; sometimes the 
surface is uniformly shaded with russet over half the 
entire surface. The exposed side is more or less 
suffused and splashed with red. The eye is large, 
open, and set in a moderately deep cavity; and the 
stalk is slender and short. The flesh is yellow, 
crisp, tender, juicy, and sweet. It is entirely devoid 
of aroma or even the acidity of Ribston Pippin. 
The name would seem to imply that it is in season 
during autumn, and judging from its present con¬ 
dition it may last till Christmas. It was exhibited 
by Mr. H. Berwick, Sidmouth, Devon, at a meeting 
of the Floral Committee of the National Chrysan¬ 
themum Society on the 8th inst., and received a 
First-class Certificate. 
CARNATION MRS. LrOPOLD DE 
ROTHSCHILD. 
The flowers of this perpetual flowering Carnation are 
large and of a beautiful shade of salmon-pink. The 
petals are large, broad, and very slightly toothed at 
the apex, but arranged with great regularity and not 
at all crowded. The flowers are also sweetly scented, 
but more particularly in the warm days of summer. 
The winter flowers are nevertheless wonderfully fine 
and freely produced. Some plants and flowers were 
exhibited at the Floral Committee Meeting of the 
National Chrysanthemum Society on the 8th inst. 
by Messrs. Wm. Cutbush & Son, Highgate, and 
received a First-class Certificate. 
THE WHITE TOKAY GRAPE. 
This fine white late Grape is not often seen now in 
private gardens, though many of us who can look 
back to some twenty or thirty years ago can 
remember the time when much more favour was 
bestowed upon it. There are a few gardeners, how¬ 
ever, who still think well of it and grow it, and 
among these must be numbered Mr. Lee, of Lyn- 
ford Hall, near Brandon, Norfolk. Recently when 
enjoying a chat with him while passing through the 
fine Vineries at Lynford, I noticed some grand 
bunches with very fine berries, and I can testify that 
the flesh was very tender and crackling. There are 
only a few of this class of Grape, and it is an old 
favourite of mine. Growing in the same house was 
another sort not often seen now, namely, the Royal 
Vineyard, and this was also doing well. The 
greatest fault I could ever see in the White Tokay 
was that it is such a strong grower, but I well re¬ 
member that many years ago it fruited freely enough 
in a Muscat house at Hedsor, near Maidenhead. 
In Hampshire with me it also fruited most freely. 
It has a strong constitution and makes a good stock. 
— Con. 
A GAY WALL IN WINTER. 
We often meet with pleasing natural pictures on 
walls during the summer months, but it is not so 
easy to create a bright show on an exposed wall in 
winter. Should any of > our readers desire to attempt 
something in this way, let me suggest the planting of 
Jasminum nudiflorum alternately with Cotoneaster 
rotundifolium, and so training he plants subsequently 
that they can intermingle with each other, and they 
will be delighted with the gay effects which the com¬ 
bination will produce in the dull winter months. 
Both plants are cheap enough, and all that they want 
is a little attention in pruning and training to keep 
them within due bounds. The Jasminum in par¬ 
ticular should be much more extensively planted 
than it is, for it can be made to do good service in 
many waj'S. I saw some grand bushes of it growing 
out of the turf on a bank at Torquay, and they were 
full of bloom.— Con. 
UNTIMELY FLOWERING OF CLEMATIS 
B \LEARICA. 
The usual period for this plant to flower is February 
and March, but the unusual character of the season 
has caused a resumption of growth before the proper 
time, and should the winter be a severe one, it 
cannot but have a deleterious effect upon the plant, 
which is hardy only in the South of England and 
requires the protection of a greenhouse elsewhere. 
The plant is also in full leaf, with a cluster of 
ternate and deeply lobed leaves from every joint. 
They are of a bright shining green, tinted more or 
less with bronze while still comparatively young, but 
on the whole would give one the impression that 
they were evergreen, judging from their present 
vigorous and bright appearance. The flowers are 
produced singly from the axils of the clustered 
leaves, so that they are numerous a,nd almost on the 
