564 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
April 28, 1894. 
NICETIES OF MARKET GARDENING. 
The study of hygiene and the teaching of its 
doctrines may, perhaps, some time or other lead to 
our being a cleanly people. Meanwhile, the few 
who are already trained to sensitiveness in regard to 
dirt find their difficulties increased in no small 
degree. In matters of food supply ignorance is 
bliss indeed; and, while we accept the dogma that 
knowledge is to be sought, above all things, we are 
fain to admit in all sorrow that it rather tends to 
make life a burden to those who look cn cleanliness 
as an essential virtue. A correspondent draws 
attention to what he terms the “ objectionable 
practice" of suburban market gardeners utilising 
old watercloset pans and soil pipes for the purpose ' 
of propagating Rhubarb plants, a nasty idea 
certainly, but probably an aesthetic difficulty rather 
than a hygienic danger. When he speaks of " the 
practice of returning empty fruit baskets on the top 
of loads of manure, hot and reeking with every 
abomination of the slaughterhouse, etc.," he is on 
more solid ground. The fact is the whole business 
of market gardening, as conducted in the neighbour¬ 
hood of large towns, is full of nastiness. Fruit and 
vegetables ought to be the purest forms of food, 
freshly made in Nature’s laboratory. Unfortunately, 
the laboratory of the market gardener is a very 
different affair, a mere arrangement for converting 
manure into vegetables with the greatest speed 
attainable; and many people would be surprised at 
the speed which is nowadays attained by aid of 
active breeds of maggots, microbes, and other 
accessories to decomposition and nitrification. 
Strawberries, Lettuces, and Celery are toothsome 
additions to ordinary diet. It is well, however, not 
to think of market gardening at dinner time .—British 
Medical Journal. 
- m t m ■ 
SOCIETIES. 
Royal Horticultural, April 2^th .—The Drill Hall on 
Tuesday last presented a brilliant display, for in 
addition to the usual exhibits, the Auriculas and 
other Primulas added largely to the general effect. 
Orchids were fairly represented, though not so 
numerous as on last occasion. Other notable 
features were Bougainvillea glabra Sanderiana, 
Gloxinias, flowering trees and shrubs. Narcissi, 
Tulips, Roses in pots, and other subjects. A group 
of Orchids was exhibited by Messrs. F. Sander & 
Co., St. Albans. Some of the notable features of 
this group were Phaius Oweniana from Assam, and 
Coelogyne Swaniana, both new. Others were 
Phaius Sanderianus, Aerides Houlletiana, Oncidium 
Lucasianum, Cattleyas, and Odontoglossums (Silver 
Banksian Medal). A group of Orchids exhibiting 
great variety was also shown by Messrs. B. S. 
Williams & Son, Upper Holloway. The species 
were very numerous, and included Vanda teres, V. 
tricolor, V. suavis, Odontoglossum Edwardi, Miltonia 
stellatum, -Epidendrum rhizophorum, and many 
others. Here also were fine pieces of Epiphyllum 
truncatum Gartnerii, Rudgea macrophylla, and 
various Rhododendrons (Silver Banksian Medal). A 
mixed display of Orchids was also made by Mr. P. 
McArthur, 4, Maida Vale, W. Amongst others 
were Oncidium macranthum, Cymbidium Lowianum, 
Cypripedium Chamberlainianum giganteum, and 
many Odontoglossums (Bronze Banksian Medal). 
Messrs.. W. L. Lewis & Co., Southgate, also 
exhibited a collection of Orchids, including Dendro- 
bium Dalhousieanum, Oncidium sessile, various 
Cattleyas and Odontoglossums all mixed with Palms 
and Ferns (Bronze Banksian Medal). Some flowers 
of Cattleya Schroderae, C. Mendelii, and C. 
Mossiae were exhibited by the Hon. Mrs. Foley 
(gardener, Mr. W. J. Moxham), Fordingbridge, Hants- 
A singular-looking Orchid named Bulbophyllum 
saurocephalum was shown by Mr. James O'Brien, 
Harrow-on-the-Hill. Some fine pieces of Odonto- 
glossum crispum Florie, O. Andersonianum, and 
O. A. rubrum, were exhibited by De B. Crawshay, 
Esq. (gardener, Mr. Sidney Cooke), Rosefield, 
Sevenoaks ; all were very handsome. A well-flowered 
piece of Dendrobium linguaeforme was exhibited by 
A. H. Smee, Esq. (gardener, Mr. G. W. Cummins), 
The Grange, Wallington. His plant of Dendrobium 
nobile Smee’s var. was splendidly flowered. A 
collection of cut flowers of Vandas, Odontoglossums, 
Cymbidium Devonianum, Maxillaria Kimballiana, 
and Laelia Digbyano-Mossiae, were exhibited by 
Baron Schroder (gardener, Mr. Ballantine), The 
Dell, Egham. Dendrobium Aspasia, Cypripedium 
Eurylochus, and Chysis Chelsoni, all hybrids, were 
exhibited by Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea. An 
interesting collection of Orchids was exhibited by 
R. I. Measures, Esq. (gardener, Mr. Hy. Chapman), 
Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell. A hybrid Cypripe¬ 
dium named Annie Measures was dwarf and hand¬ 
some. Octomeria diaphana, Cymbidium Devonia¬ 
num, Masdevallia Heathii, and others, were all 
noteworthy in different ways (Bronze Banksian 
Medal). A collection of Orchids, set up with Palms 
and P'erns, came from Walter C. Walker, Esq. 
(gardener, Mr. George Cragg), Percy Lodge, 
Winchmore Hill. Broughtonia sanguinea, Epiden¬ 
drum glumaceum, Dendrobium albo-sanguineum, 
and various Cattleyas made up an interesting and 
showy group (Bronze Banksian Medal). Some 
Orchids were shown by F. Wigan, Esq. (grower, 
Mr. W. H. Young), Clare Lawn, East Sheen ; and 
by J. Gurney Fowler, Esq. (gardener, Mr. Davis), 
Glebelands, Woodford, Essex. A showy group of 
Orchids was set up by Messrs. H. Low & Co., 
Clapton, including the new and beautiful Odonto¬ 
glossum crispum Lowianum, various Cattleyas, 
Laelias, Cypripediums, &c. (Bronze Banksian Medal). 
A collection of herbaceous plants was exhibited by 
Mr. T. S. Ware, Hale Farm Nurseries, Tottenham, 
including Liliums, Saxifraga cordifolia purpurea, S. 
pyramidalis. Primula Sieboldi, and others, either 
forced or flowering naturally in the open ground 
(Silver Banksian Medal). A collection of Daffodils, 
various species of bedding Tulips, Irises, Daphne 
Cneorum, perennial Cajidytufts, Arnebia echioides, 
and various other hardy subjects were exhibited by 
Messrs. Barr & Son, Covent Garden, for which a 
Silver Flora Medal was awarded. A Collection of 
Ferns and Selaginellas, including some beautiful new 
varieties of Adiantum, was exhibited by Mr. H. B. 
May, Dyson’s Lane Nurseries, Upper Edmonton. 
The varieties of Pteris were also very interesting, 
and showed some remarkable variations from the 
type of their respective kinds (Silver Flora Medal). 
A large collection of hard wooded plants, including 
a group of Hydrangeas, was e.xhibited by Messrs. 
H. Low & Co., Clapton. The various species of 
Heaths, Aphlexis purpurea grandiflora, Pimelea 
Neippergiana, Boronia heterophylla, and Adenandra 
speciosa were all. beautiful in their way. Specimens 
of Epacris, Acacias, and Pimelea grafted standard 
high were novel. A large group of cut branches of 
Bougainvillea glabra Sander's var. was exhibited 
by Messrs. F. Sander & Co., St. Albans. Alongside 
of it was a large and showy plant of Alocasia 
Watsoniana, with seven huge leaves, Anthurium 
Baron Hruby was exhibited by Baron Hruby, 
Peckan bei Kohn, Bohemia. A large and showy 
collection of flowering trees and shrubs was sent 
by the Director from the Royal Gardens, Kew. 
Conspicuous amongst them were Pyrus spectabilis, 
P. floribundus, Berberis stenophylla. Magnolia pur¬ 
purea, Daphne cneorum, Prunus Cerasus Rhexii, 
Cytisus biflorus, &c. The hybrid Streptocarpus 
Dyeri with its long branching cymes of flowers was 
very conspicuous and effective. Magnolia Lennei is 
a remarkably handsome hydrid with fragrant purple 
flowers. A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to 
Messrs. J. Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, for a showy 
group of Gloxinias set up with Maidenhair, and 
showing a great amount of variation in the colour of 
the flowers. Mr. F. Cant exhibited Tea and hybrid 
perpetual Roses in beautiful condition (Silver Bank¬ 
sian Medal). Mr. Geo. Mount, Canterbury, exhi¬ 
bited hybrid perpetual Roses, including a box of 
magnificent blooms of Mrs. John Laing (Silver 
Banksian Medal). Four boxes of Marechal Niel and 
one of Niphetos Roses were exhibited by Mr. J. 
Walker, Thame, Oxon. The first named was 
remarkably well done (Silver Banksian Medal). A 
group of Venidium calendulaceum and some plants 
of Primula Sieboldi were e.xhibited by Mr. R. Dean, 
.Ealing. Cut flowers of Polyanthus in great variety 
of colouring were exhibited by Mr. John Forbes, 
Hawich, Scotland. A collection of seedling 
Auriculas was exhibited by G. F. Wilson, Esq., 
Weybridge: A box of the new crimson tree Carna¬ 
tion, Uriah Pike, was exhibited by Mr. Geo. May, 
F.R.H.S., Upper Teddington, Middlesex. Messrs. 
Fisher, Son and Sibray, Handsworth Nurseries, 
Sheffield, showed a new silver variegated form of 
the Common Musk, which proved last year to be a 
useful bedding plant. Varieties of Primula Sieboldi 
and new Azaleas were exhibited by Mr. C. Turner 
Slough. He also had an effective display of the new 
Rose,Turner's Crimson Rambler (Silver Flora Medal). 
A collection of Roses was also shown by Mr. William 
Rumsey, Joynings Nursery, Waltham Cross (Silver 
Flora Medal). A collection of larger pot specimens of 
Roses and some cut flowers were exhibited 
by Messrs. William Paul & Sons, Waltham Cross 
(Silver Flora Medal). A group of Roses was also 
exhibited by J. C. Tasker, Esq. (gardener, Mr. Perry), 
Middleton Hall, Brentwood (Silver Flora Medal). 
A splendidly flowered plant of Schizocodon 
Soldanelloides was exhibited by Capt. Torrens 
(gardener, Mr. W. Pascoe), Baston Manor, Hayes, 
Kent. A large group of hardy Azaleas of different 
kinds was exhibited by Messrs. William Cutbush 
& Son, Highgate. They also exhibited a collection 
of hardy plants (Silver Flora Medal). A collection 
of hardy herbaceous and Alpine plants was 
exhibited by the Guildford Hardy Plants Nursery. 
Ibenis jucunda and the old Rouen violet were 
very pretty (Silver Flora Medal). 
A Bronze Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. 
J. Cheal & Sons, Lowfield Nurseries, Crawley, for a 
collection of hardy flowering trees and shrubs. A 
similar award was made to S. F. Still, Esq., for 
various plants. 
At a meeting of the Fruit and Vegetable Committee 
a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. 
Laxton Bros., Bedford, for an attractive group of 
Royal Sovereign Strawberries in pots, and which 
elicited a considerable amount of attention. A 
Bronze Banksian Medal was awarded to Lord Foley 
(gardener, Mr. Miller), Ruxley Lodge, Esher, for a 
collection of fruit. Some Tomatos named Frogmore 
Selected were exhibited by Mr. Owen Thomas, The 
Royal Gardens, Windsor. 
-- 
©bituar^. 
Death of Professor Bates.—We regret to learn from 
the Lancashire Daily Post of the death of Professor 
Bates, the lecturer in connection with the Agricul¬ 
tural Department of the Harris Institute, Preston. 
Mr. Bates, who was a man of exceptional physique, 
standing well over six feet in height, was seized with 
a fit at the Conservative Club on Easter Tuesday, 
and was conveyed home. He has been more or less 
unconscious since that time. Mr. Bates, who was 
but 29 years of age, had promise of a very successful 
career. He was descended from a Northumbrian 
family famed in the history of shorthorn breeding. 
By careful selections and judicious crossing there 
was produced in the Bates herds the very best types 
of milkers, just as in the spacious pastures of the 
Booth family in Yorkshire there were to be found 
shorthorns with exceptional frames and rapid 
maturing qualities. " Booth for beef and Bates for 
milk " has passed into a breeder’s axiom. Mr. Bates 
had. a thorough training for his profession as an 
agricultural teacher, and his was one of the first 
appointments made under the County Council 
scheme. He was a most able man, and very popular 
in all the districts which he visited. The experi¬ 
mental stations established by the County Council 
were largely under his control. Mr. Bates was a 
frank, fair, honourable, generous fellow—a typical 
Englishman, and his loss is severely felt. 
-- 
WHAT TO DO IH THE GARDEN. 
Anthuriums.—The young leaves of the finer 
kinds will now be developing freely, and should be 
tended lest they should get unduly crushed or in¬ 
jured by the old leaves. They should also enjoy due 
exposure to light, so as to develop in their best pro¬ 
portions. Remove any flowers that may make their 
appearance, and supply the roots with plenty of 
moisture. 
Alocacias.—Plants in small pots, particu¬ 
larly A. Thibautiana, should be shifted on before 
they get root bound, and especially if leaves of large 
size are wanted. As the leaves remain on the plant at 
least till new ones are dev'eloped, and are of a highly 
ornamental character, every encouragement should 
be given the plants to make good growth. For 
roomy stoves all the Alocacias are valuable, but A. 
Thibautiana is the most imposing. 
Caladiums.—Tubers that were started in small 
pots should be shifted into larger ones before they 
are anything like root-bound. Indeed, large and mas- 
