CONTENTS. 
Vll 
Page 
Experiments in proof - - - 22 
Seedlings are not nourished by their roots till the 
roots become woody, but by the seed - - 22 
Symmetrical growth on root of horse-chestnut - 23 
Twin oaks - - - - - - 24 
That a radish is fed only by its end a fallacy - - 24 
Experiments in proof - - - - - 26 
That branches are the same length as roots a fallacy, 
and that the ends of branches drip on to the ends of 
roots a fallacy - - - - - 31 
Branches shorter than roots, and the drip is through 
them, not outside them •* - - - 31 
Form of the root a flat circle, like a wheel; form of 
the head a globular circle, like a ball - - 32 
The head robs the root of a little rain, but more than 
repays this by condensation - - - 33 
Rain and condensation are often shed inwards or towards 
the stem - - - - - - 36 
Argument from the Gardener’s Chronicle considered - 38 
The spade the destroyer of wall-fruit trees - - 39 
Unphilosophical remedies - - - - 40 
That roots absorb only by sponges or capillary stomata 
at their ends a scientific vulgar error - - 41 
Whether this is true or not of vital importance to trans¬ 
planting - - - - - - 42 
Ends of roots to a tree what children are to a common¬ 
wealth - - - - - - 43 
CHAPTER II. 
Course of the sap from the root to the leaf, and 
back to the root - - - - - 44 
Course of the upward sap through the whole of the 
wood - - - - - - 44 
The upward sap goes through the heart-wood; proof 
by experiment - - - - 45 
And through the sap-wood ; proof by example - 46 
By what mechanical power is the upward sap raised ? - 47 
