648 
THE GARDENING- WORLD 
June 13th, 1885. 
Ts£ •i.MATIflS’ &LRBEM. 
THE GBEENHOUSE. 
Boof-clihbers will now be making rapid growth, 
and must, therefore, have constant attention in thin¬ 
ning and tying in, but with these plants the great 
thing is to avoid undue training, which renders them 
stiff looking, and quite spoils their beauty. To avoid 
this the shoots should be allowed to run out and 
hang from the roof naturally, and the same with 
those on walls, where all that is necessary is to support 
the main branches and let the others flow down 
in the front. The climbers most amenable to this 
mode of treatment are Passifloras and Tacsonias, 
than which there are none better for greenhouse 
cultivation, as neither are at all subject to insects, 
the only pests that affect either being scale, which 
sometimes gets on the bark of Tacsonias, and, unless 
destroyed, soon cripple the plants. The best way 
of freeing them from it is to brush over the stems 
with dilute Gishurst or Nicotine Soap, so as to wet the 
whole surface, soon after which the scale will leave 
its hold and fall to the ground. 
R 0SES ._If Marechal Niel or other climbing Boses 
be grown, green-fly is sure to be troublesome, but 
by fumigating with tobacco, or tobacco-paper, they 
may be killed readily if the dose is repeated both 
morning and evening for two or three days in succes¬ 
sion. As the Boses referred to flower on the young 
wood, the way to manage them is to cut out all that 
has bloomed and lay in the shoots now forming, which 
should not be stopped, but allowed to run on and 
grow to their full length, as every bud will start 
next spring and produce a blossom. 
Lapagerias. —For a back wall in a damp, shady 
part of the house, the most suitable plant is the 
Lapageria, which is just at home in such positions, 
as it dislikes too much sun and a dry atmosphere, 
which under adverse influences thrip and red-spider 
assail the leaves, and either kill them outright or 
turn them quite brown. To grow the Lapagerias 
well, the best plan is to plant the red and white 
together in well-drained beds, formed with rough 
fibrous peat and sand, in which, if kept well watered 
all through the summer, the plants are sure to do 
well. 
Lilies, such as L. auratum and L. speciosum, will 
now do best out-of-doors, and as roots are forming 
round the stems it will be a great help to the plants 
if they have a little fresh rich soil placed around them, 
which they will soon get hold of, and show the 
beneficial effect it has on them in producing fine 
heads of bloom. 
Pits and Frajies. —These ought now to be doing 
good service for growing Melons and Cucumbers, and 
affording shelter-places for preparing winter-flowering 
plants, such as Primulas and Cinerarias, Bouvardias 
and Cyclamens, a purpose for which they are well 
adapted, but for the Cinerarias and Primulas a shady 
spot should be chosen to stand the frame in, as 
neither of those plants succeed if exposed to the sun. 
THE FLOWEB GABDEN. 
Boses. —The warm weather has given a great 
impetus to Boses, which look remarkably well, and 
give every promise of being unusually fine ; but to 
have them in this very desirable condition they will 
need close watching, as the maggot is at work and 
the aphis rampant, and unless these enemies are de¬ 
stroyed, the flower buds will be crippled and spoiled. 
The readiest way of dealing with the first-named is 
to go carefully over the plants and gently squeeze 
any curled leaves between the thumb and finger, 
which pressure will be too much for the maggot, as 
its body is soft and collapses at once from the touch. 
In warring with the green-fly, the best plan at this 
season is to make use of one or other of the many 
insecticides, such as Gishurst, Nicotine Soap, or the 
Amortiser, either of which, if diluted and made of the 
proper strength, are quite safe as regards their action 
on the foliage, and so potent in their effect on the 
aphis as to kill them outright. 
The right time to apply the insecticides is late in the 
evening, or early in the morning before the sun is on 
the plants, which should be syringed heavily an hour 
or two after the wash has been used, as by doing this 
the leaves and shoots will be freed from the fly and 
cleared of any deposit left by the stuff. To have 
large flowers, the beds or ground round about the 
plants must be mulched, and every encouragement 
given by frequent applications of liquid manure, 
which Boses are fond of and will take rather strong. 
One of the readiest forms of stimulants is water with 
guano in it, a table-spoonful of which, stirred up 
and mixed, is quite enough for a 4-gallon pot, but 
nothing in the way of sewage comes amiss to the 
Bose, and therefore soapsuds and house drainage 
should be saved for the plants. 
Herbaceous Borders containing strong-growing 
subjects, such as Delphiniums, Phloxes, and others 
of ihat class, will now need looking over, to give the 
plants the necessary staking and support, or their 
stems will be bent over and broken down by the wind, 
and the same with Dahlias just put out, which should 
be tied up at once. Annuals are rarely seen at their 
best, through not being thinned out sufficiently, as 
when left to grow struggling from want of room they 
starve each other, and look weedy instead of making 
bold patches and producing a fine show of bloom. 
This being so, all weakly ones should be pulled out, 
that the others may have space to spread and develop, 
and the roots have the ground to themselves. 
Biennials and Perennials. —It is a good time for 
sowing and raising either of these now, to come in 
for planting out in the autumn after beds and borders 
are cleared; and among the things of most use may 
be mentioned German Wallflowers, Canterbury Bells, 
Pentstemons, Antirrhinums, Sweet Williams, and other 
Dianthus, Larkspurs, Hollyhocks, Double and Single 
Pyrethrums, and Pansies or Violas, any or all of 
which will help to make a fine show. 
THE FBUIT GABDEN. 
The Growth of Trees has been rapid since the 
fine weather set in, and the necessary stopping and 
tying or nailing in of shoots should now be carried out 
with all despatch, as also any thinning of the fruit, 
that those to be left on to swell and ripen may 
have the full benefit of all the sap, which will then 
push them into their full size. Peaches and Nectarines, 
however, are best let alone for the present, as they 
often drop in the stoning, but Apricots seldom or 
never do this, and therefore where they are at all 
thick and bunchy the smallest and those worst placed 
may be taken off at once to give the others room, after 
which the trees should be mulched and have a 
thorough good soaking with clear water or liquid 
manure if the weather remains hot and dry. 
Pears require the same attention, and if they were 
more looked after in that way there would be none of 
that cracking of the fruit we hear so much of, the 
entire cause of which arises through the stunt they 
get, and when rain comes the swelling is so great and 
rapid that the skin splits, and the whole crop is often 
spoiled, as even when the Pears escape cracking they 
become hard and gritty throughout. A mulching is 
also of the greatest benefit to Apples, especially on 
light soils, as it keeps the earth about the roots 
cool and moist by preventing evaporation, and thus 
maintains the foliage in health, but if the trees lack 
moisture the leaves become a prey to red-spider, 
and the Apples, if they remain on, are sure to be 
small. 
Cherries, both of the dessert kinds and Morellos, 
are very subject to the attacks of black aphis, which 
are hard to kill, but by dipping the points of the 
shoots in a solution of Nicotine Soap or tobacco-water, 
they may be got rid of at once. Before the dipping 
is carried out, however, the proper way is to go over 
the trees and take away any growths not wanted for 
laying in, and stop all breast wood by nipping it 
back to within the last two or three joints, which will 
benefit the buds at the base, and let in light and air 
to the fruit, under the influence of which it will colour 
well and come of good flavour. 
Easpberries will need watching to prevent the 
undue formation of suckers, which often come up all 
over the ground and impoverish the plants, and they 
should therefore be pulled up at once, leaving only 
four or five of the strongest and best situated for 
replacing the old canes after they have done bearing, 
at which time they ought to be cut away to let in the 
sun and light to ripen the young ones. 
Strawberries. —The rains have been of great ser¬ 
vice to these, and if the beds are not already mulched 
down it should be done at once to keep the moisture 
in, or before many days the plants will be suffering, 
so quick is it taken out again by the air. 
Gooseberries. —The caterpillar will soon be rife 
among these, and unless the bushes are watched and 
hand-picked, this most troublesome insect will soon 
devour the leaves. In using Gooseberries for tarts, 
it is a good plan to gather all from the lower branches 
and leave the upper, where the fruit will ripen free 
from dirt dashed up by heavy rains, but in cases where 
the bushes are low it is advisable to have a little 
litter under them to prevent the splashing referred to. 
THE VEGETABLE GABDEN. 
The Bains with which we have been favoured have 
afforded every chance of getting out all kinds of winter 
stuff, the whole of which ought now to be getting good 
hold of the ground, but in cases where it has first to 
be cleared of other crops, such as early Potatos, Ac., 
before planting the plants should be drawn from the 
seed bed and pricked out on some half shady border, 
from which, if kept watered and attended to, they may 
be lifted again with good fibrous roots without feeling 
much check. 
Cauliflower and Lettuce.—To save transplanting 
these after this date and during hot weather, the best 
way is to draw shallow drills where they are to 
grow and sow the seed there, when, after the plants are 
up, they may be thinned out and left at the proper 
distance to grow, which, under such favourable cir¬ 
cumstances, they do to a large size, and turn in with 
fine heads or hearts. 
Celery. —What causes this to “ bolt,” or run to seed, 
in the provoking way it does sometimes, is the check 
it gets in the beds through want of water, where it 
ought to be kept very moist, as it is half aquatic in 
its nature and cannot well be too wet at the roots. In 
preparing for the plants, the trenches will be quite 
deep enough if dug out 6 ins., which is better than 
going lower, as the Celery has the good soil to grow in 
and makes far finer sticks than are ever seen in the 
ditch-like channels some go to the trouble of forming, 
in which the plants appear almost lost the whole 
season through. To have the Celery large and crisp 
it must be well fed, and this can be done by heavily 
manuring, and after the dung is dug and mixed in the 
trench the plants should be lifted carefully with good 
balls and placed about S ins. apart in the rows, when 
a heavy watering will be necessary to settle the soil 
about them and give them a start. 
Leeks are in great favour with most people and 
may be grown to a large size and of fine quality by 
being treated in the same way as Celery, but an easier 
way of managing, and one generally attended with good 
results, is to make large deep holes in a rich piece of 
ground with a big dibble and drop the Leeks in, when 
by giving a little water sufficient soil is washed down 
to cover the roots, and the plants soon get a firm hold 
and make a good start. 
Asparagus. —Why so many fail with this is in 
cutting it too long, which weakens the plants consider¬ 
ably, as it is necessary for them to make plenty of top 
if the crowns are to become developed, but if kept 
without foliage till so late in the season they dwindle 
and die. To give the plants every encouragement the 
alleys between the beds should be tilled with rotten 
manure, the juices from which will be washed down 
and the roots be fed as well as kept moist, and if a 
soaking of sewage can be given now and then during 
the summer it will be a great help. Salt too is highly 
beneficial for Asparagus, it being a maritime plant, 
and may be applied by sowing it thinly, and if this is 
done now there will be no further trouble with weeds 
all the season. 
-— g_, — 
The Guango Tree. — The Indian Gardener states 
that an attempt is about to be made in Mauritius to 
grow the Guango tree, which is said to be the finest 
and largest tree on the island of Jamaica. It has 
an abundant foliage, but its chief value consists in 
its pods, which are 6 ins. or 7 ins. in length, and 
contain seeds or beans that make excellent food for 
men and animals. Oxen are said to be especially 
fond of them, and to get rapidly fat when fed upon 
them. 
