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APPENDIX. 
farms (where specified by Mr. Taylor) runs from about 160 or 200 
acres to 400 acres. Mr. Taylor further communicated, in a copy of a 
letter sent by him to the ‘ Dundee Advertiser,’ February 1st, that he 
found the “ flax-seeds ” on Barley grown both on light and heavy 
soils, and “ pretty thick among Mustard and other small seeds, which 
fall through the sieve of the fanners below the threshing mill.” 
The amount of the “flax-seed” found in the siftings has been 
reported on different inspections as seven in a small handful, twelve 
in the handful, and “ pretty thick ” in the small seeds and rubbish 
beneath the machine,—an amount of pest presence enough to infest 
the whole neighbourhood. 
In regard to this point of the “ flax-seeds,” that is to say the 
chrysalids or pupa-cases of the Hessian Fly from the infested straw 
being found in the fine siftings under the machine, I received a 
further communication on the 7th of February from Mr. Geo. E. 
Palmer, of Eevell’s Hall, near Hertford, who, it will be remembered, 
was the first observer of the “ flax-seeds ” being thrown down in the 
fine siftings, that he has found more or less of these “ flax-seeds ” present 
in them on most of the farms “ where he has had opportunity for 
observation in his own neighbourhood.” The amount of fifteen in a 
handful have been found by Mr. Palmer on his own farm. 
It is impossible to over-rate the importance of the observations of 
the “‘flax-seeds ” being thrown amongst the fine siftings as a means of 
prevention of some portion of the spread of Hessian Fly. There is 
little trouble and no loss in gathering up the collection of dirt, weed- 
seed, and insect vermin, and destroying it all in whatever way may be 
most convenient. In regard to this point, Mr. G. Palmer observed:— 
“ I have taken every precaution, both in destroying the siftings and in 
treating the infested straw when made into manure in such a manner 
as to kill any of the pupae that may have been left in it, viz., by letting 
it heat in clamps for some time before spreading it on the land. We 
shall also take care to remove all the straw from the fields early in the 
si3ring, so as to prevent the flies from hatching out and laying their 
eggs on the young Corn when it comes up.” If these precautions are 
taken we shall hold the attack in check, but if precaution is not taken 
there is great reason, judging by what happens in other countries, to 
fear severe loss. 
“ Fly-pkoof ” Wheat. 
One of the measures by which it is possible to lessen amount of 
loss on crop, even where attack takes place, is growing what is called 
“ Fly-proof” Wheat. It may not escape altogether, but by reason of 
the hard strong stem the fly-maggot makes little way with its injury. 
This is one advantage; and, secondly, where there is such a stem 
(either from special kind or from good cultivation) that it continues to 
