46 
CORN. 
and where they are in the light grain, this should he cleared so as to 
prevent the “ flax-seeds ” being distributed with it. 
In a letter from Mr. D. Taylor, of Daleally, on April 3rd, 1887, 
when this subject was under special consideration, he mentioned:— 
“ We are boiling those ‘ flax-seeds ’ which are amongst the shag along 
with it, and feeding our horses and cows with it; the weeds and dirt 
are promptly destroyed.” But in whatever way each owner may think 
fit to manage it, the matter of destruction of these “ flax-seeds ” is 
highly important, or in due season the insect-pest will be likely to 
hatch out and start new attack. Whether these chrysalids or “ flax¬ 
seeds ” have their vitality destroyed by being swallowed along with 
the light-grain food of the horses and cattle does not appear, but, 
judging by what happens in other cases, I should think it at least 
quite possible that being passed through the animal in the process of 
digestion did them no harm. 
Prevention by ploughing in, or by burning infested stubble. 
With regard to such amount of “flax-seeds” as may be left on 
the land, either on infested stubble or fallen therefrom to the ground, 
there does not appear to be any way of getting rid of these excepting 
by such ploughing as will bury them thoroughly down, or by burning 
the stubble. 
In the case of deep ploughing, what is wanted is to skim off the 
infested surface and turn it over, and then bury this thoroughly down 
by another land-slice. 
If the Hessian Fly chrysalis-case (that is, the “flax-seeds”) are 
put (before the perfect fly within them has begun to form) in 
unnatural circumstances, it has been found, scientifically as well as 
shown in the previous observations, that the hatching-out of the fly 
may be delayed for many months,—indeed until the middle or end of 
the following summer. Therefore, if we bury the chrysalids well 
down, we may thoroughly expect to get rid of any present con¬ 
tinuation of attack from flies out of these, and in all probability to 
get rid of them altogether. But if only common ploughing is done, 
and the edges of the land-slice left running in ribbons of stubble and 
weeds exposed to air and light, on the back of the previous one, then 
what “ flax-seeds ” may be there will be little injured, and will be 
likely to give out their pests in due season. 
Whatever kind of plough, furnished with a skim-coulter, will effect 
the double work of first skimming and then burying the slice will 
answer the purpose. 
Burning infested stubbles. 
Where nothing further can be done it is at least desirable, 
directly after harvest, to skim infested stubbles and drag the rubbish 
