“ TULIP-ROOT.” 67 
application of gas-lime. The land is in fair condition, but it is also 
liable to * Finger-and-Toe.’ ” 
On tlie 9tli of June specimens of badly Tulip-rooted Oats, in which 
I found Eelworms, were sent me from Hogmore Farm, Wrotham, by 
Mr. W. J. Goodwin, with a note that they were from a twenty-acre 
field, and that he “ did not expect to grow more than two or three 
quarters per acre”; also that “the same disease had been known 
before in the same field, but not such a bad attack”; and that he 
heard many fields in the neighbourhood were struck in the same way. 
Specimens of Tulip-rooted Oats having the bulb swollen, but much 
of the deformed side-growth of little shoots then developed, were sent 
me on the 20th of June, from Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, by Mr. J. C. 
Greig. The Eelworms were clearly noticeable within. Mr. Greig 
observed first, relatively to the various names by which this attack is 
known :—“ It goes here by the name of ‘ Sedging ’ (locally ‘ Segging’), 
from the fact of it growing only a bunch of Sedge-like leaves hut 
never forms a grain, and by harvest, when the leaves are down, where 
badly “ segged ” the crop is almost nil.” [This of course refers to the 
worst form of attack.— Ed.] “ So far as I am aware it seems to be 
confined within a small radius here, and always on strong land.” 
Somewhat later, that is on the 6th of July, Mr. Greig wrote me 
further regarding the Tulip-root attack or “ segging ” of Oats, that 
it usually showed itself there in a special part of the rotation. He 
remarked, “ The land here (at least on all strong soils liable to 
(“ segging ”), is worked on what is called a seven-course shift, that is, 
two white crops, Turnips, white crop again, and three grasses. It 
(“segging”) usually shows itself on second year’s corn and after 
Turnips ; a crop of Barley after Turnips seems to stop it for that time. 
This year, however, it has shown itself mostly on com after lea.” . . . 
The following observation shows recurrence of Tulip-root attack to 
Oats sown on land infested in the previous year:— 
Oh the 12th of July I received a sample of Tulip-rooted Oats 
infested by Eelworms, with their eggs also noticeable, from Mr. 
Holland, the Consulting Botanist of the Boyal Manchester, Liverpool, 
and North Lancashire Agricultural Society (Frodsliam, Warrington). 
These Oats were grown on the Experimental Ground of the Society 
at Saltney, and Mr. Holland remarked, “Last year we had Oats on 
the same plot, and they were almost entirely destroyed by the disease, 
and we supposed it to be caused, or at any rate aggravated, by the very 
wet season. We sowed Oats again to see if it would again appear, 
which it has done, although the Oats are a different variety (and 
therefore the seed has nothing to do with it), and though this season 
is as dry as last season was wet, showing that weather does not 
affect it.” 
