SLUGWORM. 
91 
The figure at the head of this paper shows the form of the Slug- 
worm and cocoon, and likewise of the Sawfly, with lines showing the 
natural length; and I have had plenty of specimens of the Slug- 
worms, but the precise determination of the species, which was first 
described in England by Prof. Westwood, is involved in so many 
difficulties, that I refer the reader who wishes to go into these points 
to the work below cited.* 
The first note I received of this attack last year was sent on the 
21st of July, from Hencotes, Hexham, by Mr. W. A. Temperley, who 
desired information regarding the “black, leech-like caterpillar” of 
which specimens were forwarded. He mentioned, “ It made its first 
appearance here last year, but is swarming on some of the wall-fruit 
trees this season, Cherry-trees especially, and has destroyed the 
foliage. It first appears like a bright speck, almost invisible to the 
naked eye. 
On the following day, July 22nd, specimens of Slug-worms in 
different stages of growth, were sent me from Dorchester, by Mr. 
Geo. Oldfield, agent for Mr. W. E. Brymer, with a note that this 
“ jelly-like grub ” was doing great damage to Pear trees in the 
gardens of Mr. Brymer. It was observed that, “ the grubs were in 
hundreds on the leaves, particularly on the top of espalier and wall- 
trees, and seem to suck the juices from the leaves, which turn brown 
and die.” 
On the 2nd of August specimens were forwarded me, together with 
leaves gnawed on the upper surface in small dots or spots up to 
patches of half an inch to an inch and three-quarters in length. These 
were sent from Bryntirion, Bridgend, Glamorganshire, by Mr. W. 
Prichard, with a note that the small grubs, of which a sample was 
enclosed, had in about three days devoured the leaves of two Pear 
trees, and were then attacking a Quince. “ The same grubs appeared 
on the same trees last year, clearing them entirely of their leaves.” 
A_ little later on, August 23rd, specimens of the same attack were 
sent me by Mr. M. Edmonds (by desire of Mr. Elwes), from Colesbourne, 
near Cheltenham, with the observation that the grub had “ attacked a 
Pear tree, situated at the east end of the house, for three successive 
years,” and entirely spoilt the fruit. “Every leaf is perfectly brown 
as the one I send to you.” 
On September 13th, Miss E. Culverhouse sent Slug-worms from 
The Hundred Acres, Sutton, Surrey, with a note, “ They were now 
attacking in large numbers the leaves of a row of Pear trees trained 
against a brick-wall, east aspect, chalk soil. The upper sides of the 
leaf in full hot sunshine are covered, but not one on the under; . . . the 
* Mon. of the Brit. Phytophagous Hymenoptera, by P. Cameron (Bay Soc. 
1882), pp. 226 and 228. 
