94 
PINE. 
as they were (amongst other points) much smaller. When they spun 
up they were little more than half an inch in length, with shining 
round black heads, three pairs of black claw-feet, and eight pairs of 
sucker-feet of a pale greenish colour. The general colour of the 
caterpillar was grey or greenish grey, with two darker stripes along 
the back (dividing the lighter grey into three stripes), beneath the 
lowest pale stripe a black stripe, and lower, just above the sucker-feet, 
a stripe of fine black spots. The caterpillars were pale green below, 
and above were transversely banded with rows of minute dark 
tubercles. In many points they much resembled the description of 
the Lophyrus rufus , Kl.; but not having developed the perfect fly I 
cannot tell the species with certainty. They did not appear exclusive 
in their food, for not having Scotch fir at hand I placed some Arbo7' 
Vitce in their cage, and found them presently clinging to it, and marks 
of gnawing on the leafage. 
On the 2nd of July many of the caterpillars had spun their oblong 
cocoons. These were from two- to three-eighths of an inch long, 
cylindrical, and bluntly rounded at the end, varying in tint from 
whitish to yellowish or brownish tints, and shining and membranaceous 
in texture. The caterpillars did not appear to be disturbed by being 
watched, and I was able to observe one specimen which had formed its 
case, excepting about a sixth part, which was needed to complete one 
side, still placing its thread. In this instance the house appeared to 
be finished by closing up at the side, the ends being completed 
previously. 
About six days later, that is on the 8th of July, there were still 
some caterpillars that had not spun up, but a large number had formed 
their cocoons. These were for the most part placed amongst the 
leafage of the shoots on which they fed, or on the stems which they 
had stripped, which were laid on earth. Some were placed singly, but 
for the most part they were spun near or close together, in bunches,— 
one, or two, or three dozen, so as to form closely-packed lumps of 
cocoons, or sometimes two or three, or half a dozen together. 
On application for further information towards the end of January 
in the present year, I was favoured with a number of cocoons, about 
half of which were empty; and also the following serviceable account 
of the attack, sent me by Mr. Geo. Burgess, agent to Mr. J. I. Leaton 
Blenkinsopp:— 
“ In reference to the Pine Sawfly, I observed the flies in the early 
part of May last year. In June the branches of the young Scotch fir 
trees were covered with caterpillars.We applied quick-lime, also 
petroleum-oil, which made them leave the branches. I do not find so 
many cocoons under the trees where the lime and oil were applied. 
The grubs eat all the foliage of the Firs, except the young shoots that 
