TURNIP GRUB. 
97 
and either this kind or some of the nearly-allied kinds of surface- 
caterpillars prey on Leeks and Onions, Bean-plant, Spinach, Carrots 
and Potatoes. 
As this attack has been so often entered on before, I give the 
following notes of locality of observation last year as shortly as 
possible, excepting where some special information is conveyed. 
On August lltli they were reported to me as doing considerable 
harm to Swedes at Llansannor Court, Cowbridge. On the lltli, 
Mangold and Swede roots were noted as attacked on ground at Street, 
Somerset, by from one to four grubs at the root of the plant. On the 
12tli, Mr. J. Penrose Fitzgerald, writing from West Park, Midelton, 
Co. Cork, Ireland, mentioned the grubs as being found in the ground 
under Turnips and Mangolds, and occasionally under Potatoes. “ They 
appear to eat the tap-root of the Mangold, which when attacked droops 
and falls. They are all through the district in light medium soils.” 
On August 24th, Mr. C. E. Mason, writing from Marton Grange, 
near Newport, Shropshire, reported that the grubs had attacked the 
Turnips in great force, and were of the same kind which had done so 
much damage to the Turnips in 1868, which was also a hot dry 
summer. 
On September 4th, specimens of the grub, which were attacking 
and destroying Swedes in large numbers, “ three or four to each root,” 
were sent me from the Boyce Court, Gloucester. 
September 6th, specimens of the same kind, which had destroyed 
a whole field of Swedes by burrowing at the roots, were sent from 
Reynolds Place, Horton Kirby, Dartford. 
On September 19th, different ages of the grub, one about a third 
grown, were forwarded by Mr. Alex. Frazer from Westerfield House, 
near Ipswich, with the note, “ They are eating off the thousand-headed 
Kale-plant just at the crown.” A little later Mr. Frazer wrote, “ We 
have gathered many hundreds of the grubs, one from under each 
Cabbage-plant that was eaten away, and have replanted them and 
all look well.” 
On September 18th, Mr. H. J. Sheldon, writing from Brailes 
House, Shipton-on-Stour, sent the following note of the great mischief 
which this same kind of grub was causing.“ But I am suffering 
terribly, and so are all my neighbours, from our Turnips and Cabbages 
being devoured by the enclosed grub. There are thousands of them, 
and they clear the ground of everything green. Would you kindly let 
me know what they are, and, still more, can you tell me how to get 
rid of them ? They do not care for either lime or salt; and they will 
make a clearance of every Turnip and Cabbage in the country, if we 
find no means of destroying them.” He further added, “ They gnaw 
all the Swedes, Turnips, and Cabbage-plants through the root just 
H 
