HORSE WARBLE. 
117 
Warble with a little McDougall’s smear or dip, or by a little cart- 
grease and sulphur, applied well on the opening of the Warble. 
Mercurial ointment answers, if carefully used, that is, in very small 
quantity, and only applied once as a small touch on the Warble ; but 
where there is any risk of careless application it should not be used. 
Any thick greasy matter that will choke the breathing-pores of the 
maggot, or poison it by running down into the cell in which it lies 
and feeds, will answer well; and lard or rancid butter mixed with 
a little sulphur has also been found to answer. Tar answers if care¬ 
fully placed, so as to be absolutely on the hole into the Warble. 
Bought cattle are often badly infested, and need attention. 
To prevent fly attack in summer, train-oil rubbed along the spine, 
and a little on the loins and ribs, has been found useful; so has the 
following mixture :—4 oz= flowers of sulphur, 1 gill spirits of tar, 1 
quart train-oil; to be mixed well together, and applied once a week 
along each side of the spine of the animal. With both the above 
applications it has been observed that the cattle so dressed were 
allowed to graze in peace, without being started off at the tearing 
gallop so ruinous to flesh, milk, and, in the case of cows in calf, to 
produce. 
A mixture of spirit of tar, linseed oil, sulphur, and carbolic acid, 
has also been found useful, and anything of a tarry nature is useful, 
as sheep salve (or bad butter and tar mixed with sulphur), or Stock¬ 
holm or green tar rubbed on the top of the cows’ backs between the 
top of the shoulder-blade and loins. Washes of a strong pickling 
brine applied two or three times during the season are very useful. 
Paraffin and kerosine are useful for a time, but the smell goes off 
before very long. 
Warble attack is one of the few in which each owner benefits 
surely by his own work. 
The attack of Warbles is now grown to be one causing enormous 
annual national loss, estimated by practical men at sums from two 
millions to seven millions pounds sterling per annum, at the least, and 
there is no sort of reason why we should suffer it to go on. Any 
applications to myself on the subject will receive immediate and most 
careful attention, and any information would be gladly received. 
ELEANOB A. ORMEROD, 
Consulting Entomologist 
. to the Royal Agricultural Society. 
Horse Warble. 
Various notes have again been sent of observation of Warble in 
horses, showing that the attack is not uncommon, and is also apt to be 
very troublesome when the swelling is under the saddle. No advance, 
however, has been made towards finding whether the fly that causes the 
mischief is the Ox Warble Fly (the Hypoderma hovis) or another 
species. It has not therefore appeared worth while merely to give 
notes of observation. The remedies are the same as with Ox Warble, 
