16 
NOTES OF OBSERVATIONS 
Maxwelltown as more severely attacked by the Psila Rosce than he 
remembers in previous years, to such a degree that he hardly knew 
of a single professional gardener who saved a crop; but at the same 
time he notes it as a curious circumstance that the field crops were 
scarcely touched; it is considered locally that in wet seasons the 
Carrots escape the Fly. 
10. Aphis Rumicis. Bean Aphis; Collier. Black Fly (Scottice). 
No notes. 
11. Pie ris Brassicce. Large Cabbage Butterfly. The amount of 
appearance of the Pieridae has varied much in different localities. 
Mr. Malcolm Dunn mentions that at Dalkeith the Large Garden 
White Butterfly (Pieris Brassicce ) appeared in rather formidable 
numbers after the fine weather set in. The consequence was a severe 
attack of its caterpillar, especially in cottage gardens surrounded by 
weedy hedges, and other harbours for insects, where the common 
Cabbage, Savoys, &c., were completely riddled by the vermin, and 
rendered totally unfit for human food. Mr. Dunn considers the best 
remedy is hand-picking the caterpillars, but this is tedious; and he 
mentions that a sprinkling of fine salt is very serviceable, carefully 
applied by turning up every leaf, so that a small portion of the salt 
shall touch every grub. The application of finely-powdered lime in a 
caustic state, or even caustic soot, will get rid of the grubs, but both 
are objectionable with regard to the after use of the vegetables. At 
Marclimont Dunse Mr. P. Loney notices the almost total absence 
both of the butterflies and the larvae. At Scotswood-on-Tyne, Mr. Grace 
mentions Pieris Brassicce and P. rapes being so scarce he could almost 
count the specimens, and that with repeated search he did not find 
one caterpillar. At Huddersfield, Knebworth, Chichester, and Maldon, 
few were observable ; and Mr. Norgate mentions P. Brassicce not being 
