88 
NOTES OF OBSERVATIONS 
as being unusually numerous at Aber Camlais, near Brecon. At 
Maldon, Essex, Mr. Fitcli notices the remarkable absence of all 
species of Aphides. 
Sawflies of Scots Fir and Alder. Mr. John McGregor, Lady well, 
Dunkeld, mentions that the larvie of a Sawfly (probably a species of 
Lophyrus ) have been very injurious for the last three seasons on Scots 
Fir trees in a young plantation of two thousand acres, devouring 
enormous quantities of the foliage, and thereby doing much harm to 
the trees. On such an extent of ground it seems almost hopeless to 
think of applying a remedy; but on a small plantation of twenty 
acres, not within five miles distance of any other Scots Fir wood, an 
attempt was made to clear the trees, which has been so far successful. 
The plan adopted was to send a number of boys through the plantation, 
each furnished with a small vessel containing naphtha and a brush 
roughly made of feathers, wdtli which the clusters of larvae were 
slightly sprinkled or touched, when they immediately fell down; and 
by this means the plantation was almost cleared. Of the Alder Sawfly 
Mr. Edward Parfitt observes that it has been more numerous along 
the banks of the Exe than he has seen it for many years, and a large 
number of the trees have been completely defoliated by it. 
With regard to the Insectivora I am favoured by Mr. F. Norgate, 
of Sparham, near Norwich (who has devoted particular attention to 
this subject), with valuable detailed observations, from which I give 
the following notes :— 
Amongst various species of Birds serviceable generally on Forest 
trees, i^pple trees, and Fruit bushes, Mr. Norgate mentions the 
Titmice, including the Blue, Cole, Marsh, Long-tailed, and Great Tit 
(and of these the Blue Tit may be especially observed at work amongst 
Aphides on Gooseberry bushes); also the Warblers, Woodpeckers, 
Nuthatch, and Tree-creepers. The Lesser Spotted Woodpecker is 
noted as especially frequenting the Apple; the Gold-crested Begulus 
frequents the Scotch Pine, Spruce, and other Conifer®; the Bearded 
Tit, Yellow Wagtail, Titlark, Wren, Cuckoo, and Water Bail, are 
mentioned as serviceable in Osier beds and Feeds, and in Marsh Hay. 
Amongst Gooseberry, Currant and Baspberry bushes the Titmice and 
Warblers, the Wren and the Cuckoo, are noticed as of especial use. 
Amongst Cabbage and Turnip crops the Partridge, Spotted Flycatcher, 
Swifts, Swallows, and Martins, are serviceable (and also Shrew-mice, 
Moles, if not too injurious to agricultural work, and Bats). On Grass 
—besides the Warblers, Swallow, Swifts, Martins, and Partridges, 
before mentioned—the Wagtails, Pipits and Starlings were all of 
