OF INJURIOUS INSECTS. 
7 
times very destructive, during tlie last three years, I have found simply 
sprinkling the young Turnips with road-dust preserved them entirely 
from injury. Mr. Rolfe, writing from Welbeck Abhey Gardens, near 
Worksop, mentions the Turnip Fly as more abundant than usual, 
hut partial in its attack, the crop escaping in some places, whilst in 
others, under apparently similar circumstances, it was nearly or 
entirely destroyed. The preceding crop is noted as being generally 
Wheat, the soil strong loam, and the manure usually from the farm¬ 
yard. Further information, whether variation in the presence of Fly 
followed variation in these respects, would be of interest. 
2. Anthomyia ceparum. Onion Fly. This was noticed by 
Mr. James Kaye as particularly destructive near Bury, in Lancashire. 
The eggs of the Fly were first observed on the 21st of May, laid where 
the leaves divide, the larvie hatching after a few days, and feeding on 
the seed-blade till they reached the root, then striking into the bulb, 
if formed, otherwise into the root, and soon destroying the plant. The 
soil was mostly light and in high cultivation, and pulverized gas-lime 
scattered amongst the Onions was found to act well in keeping off the 
insects. Watering the Onions with the liquid from pigsties, run into 
a tank specially arranged for the purpose, was found to answer still 
better. Several of the residents who adopted this plan secured good 
crops, whilst in the cases where it had not been followed the crops 
were for the most part destroyed. Near Islewortli hut little injury was 
noticed amongst the Onions from the Fly, though in 1870 it had been 
reported as very destructive; and the bulbs this year were in some 
cases much diseased from other causes. 
3. Psila Rosse. Carrot Fly. Little noticed, except at Maxwell- 
town,- Dumfries, where Mr. Robt. Service mentions it as first observed 
on July 10th, and as being every season the cause of much loss, two- 
thirds of the crop being destroyed on light gravelly soil. In moss and 
clay lands it does no damage. In gardens, a preparation of a wine- 
