52 
HOP. 
If this be so, this appears to give the key to the difficulty, for, if 
Hiimali differs as much from its own early condition as it does from 
Malaheb —and this is the main reason for considering the two distinct 
—the reason is removed for the distinction. 
It may -be worth remembering that, from the minute size of the 
portion of the plant-lice under consideration, the shape of these 
growths cannot be distinguished at all without a good magnifier ; con¬ 
sequently they are open to many opinions, but those who hold (as 
there appears to me good reason to do) that the Hop and Damson-Hop 
Aphides are mere varieties, and to be found alike on Hop-plants in 
summer, may support themselves on the opinion of good entomologists 
of Germany, England, and America, and the practical opinion of many 
of our own Hop-growers. Practically, as we need knowledge of where 
so much of the summer attack of Fly comes from as does not come 
from the Hop-plants themselves, the point is of importance.- 
With regard to prevention of attack, the experiments tried under 
the direction of Mr. A. Ward on various Hop-liills, and on the acre of 
Hop-land at Stoke Edith Park, near Hereford, of which the use was 
courteously given by the Lady Emily Foley, show that the first attack 
caused by lice deposited by wingless females coming up from the Hop- 
liills in spring may be prevented by various applications, of which the 
following details have been reported by Mr. Ward. 
On the 9th of April Mr. Ward began to apply experimental dress¬ 
ings to Hop-liills as follows :— 
4 roots were dressed with paraffin mixed with ashes. 
4 ,, ,, lime. 
3 ,, ,, salt. 
4 ,, ,, salt and lime in equal quantities, 
and besides these one hill, then, like the others only just showing 
the tip of the shoots at the surface, or barely above the ground, was 
covered in with muslin. The ground round these stocks had been 
watered with paraffin and water, and salt and water in the previous 
autumn after the bines were removed. 
On the 3rd of May Mr. Ward forwarded information of the com¬ 
mencement of his operations on the experimental acre as follows:— 
315 hills 
were dressed with 
128 
j j >» 
218 
>» j j 
63 
>> ) j 
160 
>> > > 
63 
> > >> 
63 
99 99 
63 
>> 99 
189 
'.9 9 9 
paraffin and ashes. 
paraffin and sawdust. 
paraffin, sawdust, and ashes. 
paraffin and shoddy. 
salt and ashes, 
lime. 
soot. 
gas-lime and soot, 
gas-lime. 
