88 
TURNIP. 
Mr. Glenny notices, in one of liis communications, that, though 
“ they cannot be seen on the surface, they are easily found by noticing 
where a blade has been cut off, and then moving the soil gently.” 
On August 18tli Mr. Riley sent specimens of the Turnip Moth 
caterpillars, A. segetum , from Kipling Cote, near Market Weighton, 
where they were attacking the Turnips. 
On August 14th Mr. J. T. Edge, of Strelley Hall, Nottingham, 
forwarded specimens of caterpillars of the same species, A. segetum , 
and also of the roots of young Swede Turnips eaten off by these grubs, 
with the following good observation of habits :— 
“ The grubs appear to attack both Swedes and White Turnips ; 
they are found an inch or two below the surface close to the Turnip 
root; they have a burrow up to the surface, where they attack the 
Turnip, eating it off just level with the ground. I have found as many 
as four grubs at the root of one Turnip. We have not observed this 
destruction of Turnips till to-day, but the grubs are now doing a 
great deal of damage. I observe the Rooks seem to like them.” 
On August 14th Mr. James Craig forwarded specimens of cater¬ 
pillars of the same kind of Turnip Moth, mentioning:—“I enclose 
along with this sample of grubs infesting Turnip field ; the crop is 
fast going with them. 
“ On one end of the field I put a cart-load of gas-lime, and on the 
other 2 cwt. of crushed rock-salt. These two ends are not so badly 
infested as the midde of the field, where only the manure was put; 
this was 18 loads of farmyard and 6 cwt. bag manure per acre. The 
grubs are found in the soil under the plants.” 
On Sept. 16tli specimens of Surface-caterpillars were forwarded 
from East Hull, near Brandon, Norfolk, by Mr. Upcher, with inquiry 
as to their nature, and the remark “ that they eat the Turnips quite 
through just below the surface of the soil; they seem to work the 
drills out regularly, and have destroyed several acres in one of my 
fields.” 
On Sept. 23rd Mr. H. C. Bowen forwarded specimens of the cater¬ 
pillars of the Turnip Moth from Chesterton, Bridgnorth. These had 
destroyed about half an acre of Cabbages, and were in such numbers 
that a boy could pick up a hundred in a very short time. The 
previous crop was Potatoes, for which the land had been well- 
limed. 
This caterpillar—that is, the Turnip or Dart Moth caterpillar—is 
noted for feeding on almost every plant not too hard for its operations, 
but I am not aware of Celery having been up to the present time 
from which the moths come out about the middle of the summer. See, besides 
other authorities, ‘ Praktische Insecten kunde,’ of Dr. E. L, Taschenberg, Part iii., 
p. 151. 
