104 
WARBLE FLY. 
needle into every one carefully occasions not the least pain whatever 
to the animal, but by piercing through the body of the insect 
destroys it. 
“ I have often rid an animal of them, but only when tied; loose 
animals entail the trouble of securing them, and so on.”—D. Turvill, 
West Worldliam, Alton, Hants. 
Effect of removal or non-removal of Warble maggots on subsequent 
amount of Warble Fly attack. 
The two following notes draw attention to the important point that, 
though warbles are often brought in on bought cattle, yet that the grub 
can be surely and certainly destroyed; and Mr. Milne’s note shows 
the good effect of continuous attention. This is confirmed by Mr. 
Stratton’s observation regarding absence of fly-attack after previous 
removal, and by the note of Prof. P. McConnell of the presence of 
attack where the grubs were not destroyed. 
“ Regarding the Ox Bot Fly, I may say that I have had none on 
my farm for at least ten years. My cattle are now never seen, with 
tails erected, running as fast as their feet can carry them. Purchased 
animals generally have these warbles in their backs ; these we take 
good care to take out by making a small opening with a penknife and 
pressing out the worms. Thus we do not have the Bot Fly, neither 
does it seem to come from other farms.” —John Milne, Mains of 
Laitliers, Turriff, Aberdeenshire. 
“ I always notice that bought cattle, and especially those from 
Wales and the West Country, are more affected with warbles than our 
own. I am strongly of opinion that the best way of killing the grub 
is to rub some unguent on the surface of the lump-hole in spring. An 
old friend of mine always used McDougall’s slieep-dip preparation for 
this purpose with good effect. This method, of course, leaves the 
hide injured by holes. If there is any chance, however, of extermi¬ 
nating the Fly, it is a feasible and right method.”—Prof. H. J. Little, 
Coldliam Hall, Wisbeach. 
June 25tli. “ My cattle away on the level are now being tormented 
beyond endurance ; these were not treated for warble, because I knew 
that they would be surrounded by others that would be full of warbles ; 
but here, where I had all the warbles destroyed, I have observed only 
one animal running from Fly, so far, though in other years they have 
suffered badly enough. This looks like the effect of treatment, and, if 
so, indicates that the Fly does not go far from its birth-place.” —R. 
Stratton, The Duffryn, Newport. 
“Unfortunately I have never given the subject much attention; 
not that I have not had an opportunity, for out of sixty cows I should 
say that the larger half were infested, but simply that we take the 
