( 8 ) 
When the maggot is full-grown it is about an inch long and 
daik grey , it presses itself out of the opening tail foremost , and 
falls to the ground, where it finds some 
shelter, either in the ground or under a 
stone or clod, where it changes to a 
chrysalis. The chrysalis is dark brown 
or black, much like the maggot in 
shape, only flatter on one side; and 
from this brown husk the Warble Fly 
comes out in three or four weeks, but 
this length of time is increased by cold 
weather. 
With regard to methods of remedy, there does not appear to be 
any difficulty of getting rid of the Warble-maggot easily and 
cheaply, when the Warble has “ ripened ’’—that is, opened'so far 
that the black end of the tail is visible. Then it may be destroyed 
cheaply and quickly. From special observations, taken during the 
last three years, it has been found that where the Warble-maggots 
have been destroyed before they drop from the cattle, there is little 
if any summer attack of Warble-flies. Consequently the cattle can 
rest in peace, and, as there is very little egg-laying on them, there 
are scarcely any Warbles in the following spring. 
Squeezing out the maggots is a sure method of getting rid of 
them, but they may be destroyed easily and without risk by 
dressing the Warble with a little of McDougall’s smear or dip, or 
(without noting by name the applications sent out by different 
manufacturers, whether Messrs. McDougall, or the Dee Oil Co., 
Messrs. Calvert & Co., or Messrs. Tomlinson & Hayward, or many 
others) any grease or mixture thick and tenacious enough for a 
little “ dab ” of it, when placed on the opening of the Warble, to 
adhere firmly, and thus choke the maggot by preventing it drawing 
in air through the breathing-openings at the end of the tail, will 
answer well. 
Cart-grease, if not containing irritating additions, is a cheap 
and handy remedy, and acts well, especially if mixed with sulphur; 
so does lard or rancid butter mixed with a little sulphur, except in 
very hot weather, when it is apt to melt away. Mercurial ointment 
answers, if carefully used—that is, in very small quantity, and only 
applied once as a small touch on the Warble ; but where there is any 
risk of careless application it should not be used. Tar answers if 
carefully placed, so as to be absolutely on the hole into the Warble. 
Bought cattle are often badly infested, and need attention. 
To prevent lly-attack in summer, train-oil rubbed along the 
spine, and a little on the loins and ribs, has been found useful; so 
has the following mixture:—4 oz. flowers of sulphur, 1 gill spirits 
of tar, 1 quart train-oil; to be mixed well together, and applied 
once a week along each side of the spine of the animal. With both 
the above applications it has been observed that the cattle so 
dressed were allowed to graze in peace, without being started oft* at 
the tearing gallop so ruinous to flesh, milk, and, in the case of 
cows in calf, to produce. 
Section of Warble, after 
soaking in water. 
