OF INJURIOUS INSECTS. 
19 
often suffers very severely), I had the trenches prepared with plenty 
of rich manure from a butcher’s yard, and covered over with earth 
about three weeks before the plants were moved to them. I allowed 
the young plants, which had been pricked into a bed in the usual way, 
to grow rather larger than is customary before moving, and then had 
each one taken up by the trowel, and moved with as little disturbance 
as possible; thus they did not flag at all, and no attack followed the 
removal. To keep off the Fly, I used a dressing of one part of gas- 
lime (about a month from the works), one of unslaked lime, and two 
of mixed dry earth and soot, all well stirred together, and dusted 
liberally on the plants, so as to lie on the leafage and lightly cover 
the ground. This did not injure the leafage in the slightest perceptible 
degree, and beyond a few stray injuries I had no attack from the 
Celery Fly. Looking at the point of Celery being a plant naturally 
growing in wet spots, I occasionally had the hose turned on one of the 
trenches, so as to soak the ground thoroughly, and the effect was 
excellent on the growth. Also by this means the leaves may be well 
cleared of insect vermin. If the hose is directed at the foliage when a 
good power is on from the water-works, and taken steadily on from 
one end of the row to the other, the stream will be preceded by a 
gradually increasing collection of small Flies driven from the plants, 
which thus are freed from some amount of attack, and are cleared 
of the insect vermin at least for a while. 
Mr. Freestone notes that the Celery at the Manor Park, Little 
Ilford, Essex, was very promising until early in August, when the 
Maggot destroyed the whole of the foliage; a worse attack than had 
been observed in ten years’ experience. A similarly severe attack of 
the same species of insect (the Tephritis Onopordinis , or Celery and 
Parsnip Leaf-miner), occurred at the same time to the Parsnip crop, 
nearly all the foliage being destroyed. The six weeks’ drought in 
July and August is noted as apparently favourable to these pests. 
The Celery is reported as unusually free from the Maggot. Little is 
noted concerning it from nortliernly localities. Mr. Simpson notes from 
Brahan Castle, Dingwall, that it is “ never seen in this quarter.” Mr. 
Loney also mentions it as never observed at Marchmont, Berwick¬ 
shire ; and Mr. A. Shearer notices the Celery as not being much 
attacked at Yester, East Lothian. A rather sharp attack is mentioned 
by Mr. Malcolm Dunn as observed at Dalkeith about the middle of 
August, the Maggot appearing at the same time in the leaves of both 
Celery and Parsnips; however, it made little progress, and soon 
disappeared. The usual remedy is noted to be hand-picking, as soon 
as the spots with the Maggot are noticed on the leaves. 
