OF INJURIOUS INSECTS. 
23 
year. He observes tliat, having hitherto failed to discover any 
effectual remedy, he determined to try the effect of a change of soil, 
and accordingly in January had a portion of a break in vegetable 
cropping ground cleared out to the depth of twenty-two inches. This 
vacancy was filled in afterwards with a compost of four parts good 
brown peat, four parts light fine yellow loam from old Vinery border, 
two parts well-decayed leaf-mould, and two parts river sand, the 
whole being thoroughly mixed together; no manure of any description 
was used. The Carrot seeds were thinly sown on the 6th of Apr il in 
drills fourteen inches apart. They soon germinated, grew rapidly, 
the thinning was done in the latter part of May, and all went on well 
until the 17tli of June, when the Fly was observed to have begun its 
ravages, and in less than fourteen days the whole crop was rendered 
useless. In another part of the garden a hotbed of stable manure was 
made up, and on the surface of this bed a layer of well-decayed leaf- 
mould was laid to the depth of ten inches. In it the Carrot seeds 
were sown on the 13th of February, and an excellent crop was 
obtained from the beginning of May. Here the Fly did not make its 
appearance until the 27tli of July, the remainder of this crop being 
destroyed by its ravages by the 12tli of August. 
Mr. T. Boyd mentions that being troubled with the Carrot Grub at 
Callendar he customarily sows on two or three pieces of ground. 
During last winter he gave one piece of ground intended for Carrots a 
top dressing of gas-lime, and not one carrot on this ground went ; 
whilst on the other piece, to which nothing had been applied, the 
whole crop went before the last week in April. His method is to 
rough dig the ground at the beginning of winter, then sprinkle the 
gas-lime over the ground “till it resembles a fail of snow;” then 
point it in about four inches. Mr. P. Loney, writing from Marchmont, 
Berwickshire, observes, “I very seldom have a visit from this Fly:” 
deep trenching after Celery, cropping with Onions and with Carrots 
without manure, is the system I adopt; whilst the slightest deviation, 
especially on land recently manured, is sure to produce them. Mr. 
Service, writing from Maxwelltown, mentions the crop of Carrots 
being reported as saved in a cottage garden “ by deluging them with 
the soap-suds left from the washing;” and he observes that during 
1880 the garden crops were very badly attacked as usual, and field 
crops again almost untouched. Mr. T. M‘Donald mentions that the 
Carrot Fly was very injurious this season on the same ground that 
was used last year; and observes that the Altringliam was much 
helped by frequent watering with salt water. 
Mr. D. Sym Scott reports that at Ballinacourte, Tipperary, the 
Grub of this Fly appeared about the 1st of July, and he observed that 
the attack was most severe in the centre of the field, on a portion of 
