FLOUR MOTH. 
59 
openings should be tightly closed before the sulphur and saltpetre are 
ignited.”—Page 12 of Canadian Report. 
“ Chlorine fumes may be used with equal benefit under those con¬ 
ditions where burning sulphur may create an added element of danger 
from fire.” 
Note .—“ To prepare chlorine fumes. Mix in a glazed dish and 
place on a stove or other heating surface peroxide of manganese 1 part, 
sulphuric acid 2, chloride of sodium 3, water 2; or, more easily, by 
mixing 3 lbs. of chloride of lime and 3 lbs. of hydrochloric acid for 
every 1000 feet of space.”—Page 14 of above Report. 
‘ ‘ In burning the sulphur we find the best method is to get old 
tarred string, such as used for tying up the sacks ; put this in a large 
iron tray and light it before adding the sulphur. The addition of 
paraffin is also a help, but is, of course, not safe in all places. When 
well alight add the sulphur. We tried charcoal, but could not get on 
with it, or shavings.”—Communication sent me from infested English 
steam mills, June 8tli, 1890. 
General Measures of Prevention .—This infestation may be transmitted 
with the utmost ease by caterpillars being sent out in flour, or by eggs 
on sacks. Besides all the troubles that occur in mills and stores, where 
these caterpillars establish themselves, I am aware of infestation 
occurring in the neighbourhood, to the great perplexity of all but 
those who knew whence the pests came. 
For this reason it is of the utmost importance that those who wish 
to keep clear of infection should keep a watchful eye on flour and 
returned sacks, and, if they have a doubt as to attack being present, 
then gain a trustworthy opinion as to the nature of what they find. 
In the Canadian directions for treatment, it is noted that all bags 
which have been used for transporting grain, flour, or meal, and which 
from causes specified are liable to suspicion, should be subjected to 
thorough boiling, or to superheated steam. The best method to dis¬ 
infect the sacks or bags may be safely left to millers, but some treat¬ 
ment of exposure to dry or wet heat is certainly needed (where in¬ 
festation is about) to destroy caterpillars that may have remained 
inside or outside the bags, or eggs which the moths will have been 
exceedingly likely to lay outside the meal or flour sacks. These 
precautions are needed for home use ; it is quite too late now to hope 
to be able to keep the infestation out of the country. 
The following general directions (or rather summary of directions) 
for action on the very first appearance of the inotli, and for remedial 
measures to be brought to bear on infested apparatus, are taken from 
the Canadian Report before quoted :—“ Have the first moths appearing 
destroyed by hand, and by subjecting the affected portions of a mill or 
building to repeated treatment with the fumes of burning sulphur 
