TIME OF APPEARANCE. 
83 
banding on the ground, namely, that the moths harboured under the 
edge. 
In the case of the sample sent me, the sodden greasy mass seemed 
very deterrent to any such harbourage, and the plan altogether to be 
a cheap convenient form of banding, well worth drawing attention to. 
If further tried I should be glad of any reports regarding it, as if 
generally successful the simple method, only needing some hay and 
string and common cart-grease, would often be used where measures 
requiring more purchase of material, and more care in applying, would 
not be carried out. 
Time of appearance of the moths .—The variableness of date of 
appearance in different localities, or in one locality under different 
circumstances is a troublesome point practically. In the past autumn, 
Mr. Wise wrote me, from Toddington (near Gloucester), that the first 
female Winter Moth was caught on the 17th of October, one day 
earlier than last year. Mr. Hiam writing from Astwood Bank, near 
Redditcli, at the date of Nov. 8th, mentioned that the Winter Moths 
were then being taken in quantities in the grease bands, and that the 
first appearance had been observed a fortnight before. 
At Glewstone Court, Ross, Herefordshire, Mr. C. Lee Campbell, 
writing on the 4th Dec., mentioned, “ The Winter Moth put in its 
appearance here at last, a month later than last year;” and at Croome 
Court, Severn Stoke, Worcestershire, in observations with which I was 
favoured by Lord Coventry, it was noticed (a little prior to the 22nd 
of Nov.) that “the greasing was commenced about a fortnight ago, 
but at present no results have been observed.” On the 22nd a report 
was sent that “ the wingless moths are now ascending the trees, and 
are being caught in the grease bands in large numbers,” and also that 
many winged moths were caught in the smear. 
The foregoing observations, taken at places no great distance from 
each other, give a range of somewhere about a month in difference in 
date of first appearance, and there does not appear to be any way of 
meeting this difficulty practically, excepting by having examinations 
carefully kept up by an observer going with a lantliorn for successive 
evenings after sunset, or till towards 10 o’clock, to see whether the 
moths are ascending. Or if this plan is too troublesome, beginning 
as soon as ever moth presence may be expected, and having 
a few trees grease-banded and examined daily as to amount of 
capture. The matter of coincidence of date in first greasing, and 
first appearance of moths, is of a good deal of importance, or on one 
hand there will be a waste on the drying grease, or on the other a 
chance of the ascent of the moths preceding the application of the 
sticky-banding. 
Paris-green .—Up to the present year, sticky-banding has appeared 
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