CAULIFLOWER DISEASE. 
131 
bends, and may even become quite twisted up. Some stems split at 
the top of the fasciation into a number of different branches, with more 
or less normal flowers and leaves. Most commonly, however, the 
stalk or branch gets scarcely broader, but much thicker; the side 
branches remain in great part fixed together, and it is an exception 
for the buds to be perfectly developed. The deformed plant greatly 
resembles Cauliflower or Brocoli, according as the different parts are 
more or less enlarged and attacked, and according as the buds are not 
at all or only partially developed, or have produced malformed flowers. 
Some very broad and stunted stalks have buds on the top, pressed 
together like a cock’s comb ; and some have them at the sides, spread 
very irregularly, in consequence of the irregular growth, but growing 
thickly squeezed together over a large surface. 
“ Usually, as in Cauliflower, one finds buds almost all over the 
squeezed-up mass of malformed parts. The likeness to Cauliflower is 
especially strong, as is shown at e , fig. 1, of accompanying Plate. 
Similar Cauliflower-like parts are shown, in section, at/.* 
“ If all the branches of the abnormally branched parts remain short 
and pressed close together, they take the appearance of common 
Cauliflower ; but if the flowering stems get more slender, and are not 
joined together all the way up, then the likeness to Brocoli f becomes 
strong. The branches are generally all more or less enlarged (fig. 1, 6), 
though a few of them may develop normally; some of the leaves may 
be normal, but many remain very small, and the leaf smaller in 
proportion than the stem; sometimes instead of being trifid it is 
entire, and some are much twisted. 
“ The sheathing leaves are mostly small, or thick and irregularly 
twisted. The flower buds are sometimes very thick, while the leafy 
parts remain thin and scaly ; sometimes the leafy parts become much 
thicker, but remain short, and continue to produce little scales. Often 
the outer calyx, and calyx, are more developed than the other leafy 
parts. Sometimes the bud remains entirely or in part closed (c), 
while the outer calyx, and calyx, go on developing normally ; but often 
the flower bud opens. 
“ The leaves of calyx and outer calyx are frequently abnormal, 
those of the outer calyx being very thin and narrow, almost needle- 
* ‘On the Structure of the Cauliflower.’ Compare Samsce Lund, ‘Hjalmar 
Kjaerskou Morphologisk-anatomisk Beskrivebse Brassica^oleracea, L., Brassica 
campestris, L., and Brassica napus, L. (Havekaal, Rybs or Raps), Copenhagen, 
1885, pp. 52—54. See also the figures in same work, Plate 10, and compare with 
fig. 1 of my Plate, e and /. Compare also the illustrations in * ‘ Om Landbrugets 
Kulturplanter og dertil horende froavl.’ No. 4. Beretning om virksomheden i. 
aarene 1882—3, ved. E. Rostrup, Copenhagen, 1884. 
f Especially to the Brocoli described in note (1) of the latter work, p. 151, fig. 52. 
* ‘ Our Cultivated Plants and their Diseases * (Danish), 
K 2 
