4 
hundred and fifty would include all that we need practi¬ 
cally to study, and to us agricultural entomologists these 
attacks are shown the state of the attacked crop. 
This point is of the utmost importance, and I earnestly 
wish that each observer would well consider it, for the 
feeling so often brought forAvard of not being able to 
follow up prevention of insect-attack from want of knoAV- 
ledge of Entomology, is doing infinite harm throughout 
the country. Our course is not to pick up a feAV insects, 
and by Avearisome research find Avhether they do us any 
harm, but the reA^erse. We find the harm being done, 
and thus Ave are led directly to the causer of the mischief. 
In this room, at this present moment, there is at least 
one person AAho, if the many different kinds of Turnip 
Flea Beetle, commonly known as Fly, Avere handed 
round, AA^ould have some doubts as to accurately and 
AAuth perfect conviction giving each its scientific specific 
name and synon3un ; but probably there is no one among 
us Avho AAWild not knoAV ‘‘ fly ” attack in the Turnip field, 
and this is all that is needed to start Avith. And it is just 
the same Avith many of our crop attacks. Take the 
Corn. We knoAv from the appearance of the wdieat-ear 
Avhere the Wheat Midge has been doing its destructive 
Avork; the so-called ‘‘gout” of the sAA^ollen Barley stem 
Avith the blackened channel running from the ear, still 
in its sheath, down the first joint of the stem, shows the 
presence of the Eibbon-footed Corn Fly, the Chloro2)s 
t(e]iiopus. In our garden crops the presence of the 
Onion or of the Carrot Maggot are pointed out by the 
nature of the injuries they cause. With fruit, to give 
just one more instance, Ave knoAV, or easily can knoAV, by 
reference to accounts of enemies of the Apple, that the 
fruit Avhich has fallen prematurely because a maggot has 
eaten round its central core, is injured by means of the 
Codlin Moth, although in this case it is such a regular 
part of the economy of the grub or caterpillar to make 
its Avay out on the falling of the Apple that Ave rarely 
see the cause of the fall. We know in these, and 
in many other instances, by the AA^ork done, AAdiat has 
