10 
The larvae of the Beetles are commonly short thick 
grubs, having scaly heads, furnished with jaws, and 
having frequently a pair of jointed feet or legs on each 
of the three segments next to the head, and a sucker- 
foot at the end of the tail. Sometimes, as with the 
larva of the Nut Weevil, or other kinds of Weevil, the 
1, larva; 2, pupa of Granfiry'Weeyil {SitoijJiilus granarius). 
three pairs of legs are absent, but the student will 
observe that, even if the larva is legless, it may be dis¬ 
tinguished from the legiess-fly larva by possessing a 
scaly head furnished with jaws. Chafer larvae. Weevil 
larvae in Turnip galls, and Wireworms are some of the 
commonest forms of Beetle-grubs. 
The larvae of Moths and Butterflies, commonly known 
as caterpillars, are generally recognised by their soft 
and cylindrical form, and their ornamental colours ; like 
Beetles, they have a head furnished with jaws, and have 
almost invariably a pair of short feet on each of the 
three segments next to the head, and a sucker-foot 
formed of a pair of what are termed prolegs at the end 
of the tail. But also—and this is an important point in 
distinguishing Leijidopterous larvsB—the four middlemost 
of the intermediate segments are commonly furnished 
with a pair of the short fleshy legs used merely for 
holding by, and termed prolegs, or sucker-feet. These 
are not more than eight in number, sometimes fewer, 
and the caterpillar is generally thus arranged: 1st 
segment, the head; 2nd, 3rd, and 4th each bear a pair 
of articulated feet; 5th and 6th, without appendages ; 
