8 
these should be cleared away wherever it is possible, for 
three reasons :—1st. To starve the Fly. 2nd. Because 
the Fly, either by scenting its prey or by some means 
not yet known, has been shown by the observations of 
many years to have such powers of finding where there 
is suitable food and migrating to it, that in the absence 
of food-plants we may confidently hope it will not come 
to us, or if present that it will leave us for better supplied 
localities. The third point is, I think, a very important 
one, and not brought forward as much as it ought to be. 
We have seen where the spring attack of the Fly comes 
out from, but where does the first brood , or progeny of 
these wintered Flea-beetles come from ? 
We are told that the F1 } t begins to lay in April, and 
that it lays its eggs on the under-side of the rough leaf 
of the Turnip ; and so it does in due season , but Turnips 
in the rough leaf are not sufficiently plentiful early in 
the year as to afford leafage for the maggot stage of 
the coming legions of what has been truly described as 
“this pest of a Fly”! Prof. Buckman helps us here, 
as he tells us that the earliest broods are bred on the 
wild Cruciferge ; therefore if we clear out all weeds (or 
waste cultivated plants) of the Cabbage tribe to which 
the Fly resorts, we cannot fail to do good, both by lessen¬ 
ing the amount of Fly then present, and also lessening 
the amount of the coming brood. 
Charlock is especially attractive to Fly. Where this 
weed abounds the beetles will come to it and feed until 
Turnips or Cabbage are ready to be attacked, and where 
the golden carpet of Charlock blossom is seen, there is a 
spot where Fly ravage is especialty likely to be set up, 
and presently be found extending to the neighbouring 
fields. 
Sometimes this (almost the most pernicious of our 
weeds) is introduced on the land by the use of cheap 
Turnip seed, which has been adulterated with that of 
Charlock, and care in this matter is very desirable. 
Where farming is on such a large scale that there are 
plenty of implements the “Koldmoos Weed Eradicator ” 
