PEA WEEVIL. 
81 
weed, Heraclium Sphondi/lium, tlian those of the Parsnip, the special 
name of Heracleana has been given to it. 
It appears from various writers that the Depressaria larvae are to he 
found in June and July, and when full fed leave the heads, and either 
change to chrysalids on the ground or bore into the stem of the plant 
and change within. The Moth appears during August and September, 
and the attack is considered to be started in the following spring from 
eggs laid by females which have lived through the winter. 
This kind is mentioned by Kaltenbach as attacking Parsnips in 
Germany, but is not alluded to among the kinds specially named as 
injurious by John Curtis. 
Mr. Glenny, when writing on the subject of prevention, observed— 
“ The caterpillar on the Parsnip Seed is very easily disposed of, for if 
the heads of the plant are carefully separated, and the woven web 
destroyed by hand, the insect falls to the ground, and as the plant is at 
that stage of its growth about five feet in height the caterpillar cannot 
reach the summit again to do any mischief even if it wished. 
As Parsnip Seed is generally grown in small areas, it is easier to 
deal with the caterpillar in this way than if large fields were taken up 
with its cultivation.” 
In attacks of some of the other kinds of Parsnip Seed or Blossom 
Moth it has been advised just to shake the head; the caterpillar lets 
itself down by a thread on alarm, and if the work is thoroughly done, 
so that it cannot go back up the thread, oris kept, either by instinct, or 
by being trampled on, from going back up the stem, the method would 
answer well. 
Many kinds of these “ Flat-body Moths,” or Depressaria, feed in the 
caterpillar state in the heads of wild umbelliferous plants, such as 
chervil, cowbane, or water hemlock, hogweed, &c., and it would be 
likely to lessen amount of attack to the cultivated umbelliferous 
plants, namely, Carrots and Parsnips, if these great weeds, some of 
which are found in large patches, were destroyed. 
For full account of the D. Heracleana see the paper on “Parsnip 
Seed Moth,” with an excellent and full illustration by Professor J. 0. 
Westwood, in the ‘ Gardener’s Chronicle ’ for Nov. 18tli, 1882, p. 652. 
PEAS. 
Pea Weevil, Sitona lineata, Linn. 
The accompanying figure shows the Pea Weevil, Sitona lineata, in 
its three stages of maggot, chrysalis, and beetle, life size and magni¬ 
fied, drawn from specimens forwarded to me by Mr. T. H. Hart, of 
