namely, the sketch at the heading of this paper of the 
infested twig and leaf (taken by his kind permission 
from the figure in Prof. Comstock’s Report on leery a 
purchasi in N. America); the cluster represented on the 
right hand of this figure, photographed by Mr. Bairstow 
in South Africa; and the cluster (see p. 5) photographed 
by Mr. F. Crawford in South Australia, show the very 
similar appearance of the females, and the similar 
manner in which they congregate in the three countries 
named. 
Professor Comstock states that “ The insects seem 
first to settle upon the leaves, preferably along the 
midrib, and afterwards to migrate to the twigs. and 
branches, or even the trunk”; and Prof. Trimen 
similarly describes that “they attack generally the 
leaves, as well as the stems and branches of the plants 
they affect, but cluster more thickly on the latter.” 
The injury is caused by means of the sucker, which 
serves the insect as a feeding apparatus. With this it 
pierces into the soft tissues, and thus does harm by 
injuring the structure of the leaves or surface of the 
shoots, as well as steadily sucking away the sap of the 
plants. 
General description of the Females. 
The adult females sent from Port Elizabeth, with the 
white striped egg-bag attached (which to a general 
view looks as if it was a part of the insect), were about 
a quarter of an inch long, and of the shape figured on 
the left-hand side of fig. 1 ; that is, tortoise-shaped, or 
of a thick oval shape, blunt at each end, but chiefly so 
at the head, and arched up from each side and each end. 
The hinder part of the true abdomen of the “bug” 
is hidden by the fore part of the egg-bag, and is tilted 
up by the vast number of eggs which gradually accumu¬ 
late beneath. The colour of the insect is of some 
shade of orange or salmon, for the most part covered on 
the upper side, and partially on the under side, by a 
