the effectual destruction of a single gravid female means 
that of at least 150 or 200 young ones.” He mentions 
that he has found “ that the larger specimens may often 
be detached by shaking a plant, or, in the case of trees, 
striking the branches smartly with a stick. When this 
is done a cloth, or sheets of paper should he spread 
under the shaken or beaten branches to catch the insects 
as they drop, otherwise some of them will break on 
striking the ground and the eggs or young escape.” He 
further advises in the same Report, “that all the insects 
collected together should be burnt forthwith, as they 
resist immersion in water for a long time, and the eggs 
or minute young in the mass of white secretion are 
unaffected by it. Crushing the old ones is also only 
partly effectual, many of the enclosed young escaping the 
pressure unhurt.”* 
Mr. S. D. Bairstow also draws attention to the benefit 
of destroying the female, and the ease with which the 
young may be shaken from the trees. 
As these young bugs are so active and fall off so readily 
it would appear very desirable, where boughs have 
been lopped or infested trees felled, that these boughs or 
trees should be burnt (or charred on the surface) at once, 
and on the sjjot, or else, as is pointed out in the Report of 
the Inspector of Fruit Trees in California, published in 
the present year (1887), the removal of the boughs may 
in itself be a means of spreading the pest. 
Tarred bands, or bands of any sticky composition 
smeared round the lower part of the stems of fruit or 
timber trees, would effectually stop traffic of the “ bug ” 
up the trunks so long as the bands remained moist and 
sticky; but, if the thing be possible, some more secure 
method of gathering the fallen, active, young bugs, or 
preventing their ranging off to some of the low-growing 
plants near, than what has been named seems needed. 
In U. S. A. practice the plan of beating injurious, 
insects down on to cloths treated with some fluid or 
* ‘Report on Australian Bug,’ by Prof. R. Trimen, previously quoted. 
