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(which it uses to good purposes), and that the sides of the 
segments were furnished with pencils of hairs. 
English Ladybirds, with egg and larva magnified ; chrysalis nat. size.* 
The figure of the pupa- or chrysalis-case represents 
this stage as passed in the typical manner of this family, 
namely, that after the larva has become full-grown it 
fastens itself by the end of its tail to a leaf or some other 
point of attachment, and then rolls off its maggot-skin up 
to the end of the body, and waits thus affixed till the 
pupal changes have been completed, and the Ladybird 
emerges from the pupa or chrysalis. 
The great benefit received from various kinds of Cocci - 
nellidce in this special matter of destroying Scale-insects 
has been strongly drawn attention to by Prof. W. Saunders 
in his excellent work on ‘ Insects Injurious to Fruits’ in 
America. He notices that the predaceous insects which 
feed indiscriminately on Scale-insects, and “Mealy Bug’* 
(that is, do not limit their attacks to only one kind of 
Coccus ), consist mainly of various species of Ladybirds. 
Some of these American kinds, he mentions, are found 
from the Atlantic to the Pacific ; others ■“ are restricted 
* As Mr. Bairstow’s pen-and-ink sketch of the larva and chrysalis was 
not sufficiently detailed for engraving, I give (by permission of Messrs. 
Blackie, of Glasgow) a figure showing various kinds of Ladybird Beetles 
(or Coccinellidce ); also a larva or grub, and a chrysalis natural size and 
much magnified, which give a general idea of the appearance in these 
two stages; and, in the case of the chrysalis, of the manner in which the 
creature is fastened to the supporting leaf or twig by the tip of the tail. 
—E. A. 0. 
