20 
cutaneous tissues and skin-muscles, and are not con¬ 
tained in any capsular formation ; no opening was found 
over the maggot in this stage, and no thickening of the 
tissues, nor any exudation near it. But after this 
first moult the conditions of the maggot and its sur¬ 
roundings change, “the larva in its second stage is 
thickly beset with groups of prickles, which soon irritate 
the surrounding parts ; the tissue of the hide is disturbed, 
thickens, and shows that a foreign substance is present. 
New formations of tissue take place, and the maggot 
becomes enclosed in a sac, and, from the continued 
irritation, ulceration is set up, and the weakest part of 
the skin is burst through into an orifice.”* 
Maggots of Ox Warble Fly ; full-grown, and about to change to 
chrysalis, 
In Germany this first bursting of the warble has been 
found to take place in the late summer or early autumn, 
and I know no reason why it should happen otherwise 
here; but this is the point of all others that we want 
information on. 
Sometimes attention may be drawn to this condition 
by the cow beginning to try to lick the spot, and about 
a fortnight after this, on passing the hand carefully 
along the back and loins, a swelling may be perceived 
about the size of a nut. 
In a note published by Mr. Liddell, in July, 1877, he 
draws attention to the great relief that would result from 
having the maggots got rid of during or before the winter, 
* ‘ Monographic der CEstriden,’ von Friedrich Brauer, Wien, 
1868, 
