126 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
October 20, 1894. 
blooms of Chrysanthemums of the Japanese class, for 
which a Silver Medal was awarded. Petit Delaux, 
Mrs. F. W. Fowler, Marquis de Paris, and Th. 
Dennis were amongst the best blooms shown here. 
A superb collection of flowering spikes of Gladioli 
exhibited by Messrs. J. Burrell & Co., Howe House 
Nurseries, Cambridge, received a Silver Gilt Medal. 
Many fine varieties were represented, Glare de Feu, 
Hesperide, Seedling, and La Vesuve being specially 
good. A Silver Medal was awarded to Mr. Thos. 
S. Ware for a superior collection of perennial 
Asters, and Dahlias, both single and Cactus 
flowered varieties of the latter being well re¬ 
presented. Messrs. B. S. Williams and Sons, 
Holloway, staged a number of well-coloured Crotons 
together with a bright little batch of Cannas for 
which a Silver Gilt Medal was awarded. A splen¬ 
didly flowered, and vigorous specimen of the old 
Scarborough Lily (Vallota purpurea) exhibited by 
Mr. Thos. Anstiss, Brill, Bucks, deservedly received 
a Bronze Medal. Mr. S. Mortimer exhibited seven 
dozen cut blooms of Show and Fancy, and four dozen 
blooms of Cactus Dahlias. Sorts like Majestic, 
James Cocker, Lord Salisbury, and Mrs. Morgan, 
among the Show and Fancy, and Matchless, Apollo, 
and Juarezi among the Cactus varieties were in 
excellent condition (Silver Medal). Mr. H. J. Jones, 
Lewisham, showed a quantity of cut blooms of 
Chrysanthemums arranged with Fern, Asparagus, 
etc., that received appropriate recognition in the 
way of a Silver Medal. Blooms of Alice Seward, 
Mrs. Conway, Duchess of York, and Commandant 
Blusset, attained a high standard of excellence. A 
nice collection of hardy cut flowers, amongst which, 
perennial Asters, and Anemone japonica figured con¬ 
spicuously, exhibited by Messrs. Wm. Cutbush & 
Son was awarded a Silver Medal. A like award 
was made to Mr. L. H. Calcutt, Fernbank Nursery, 
Stoke Newington, for an elaborate collection of floral 
crowns, suitably filled with flowers and Fern fronds, 
for table decoration—a very pretty and tasteful 
arrangement. Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons exhibited 
a fine lot of Cactus and Pompon Dahlias arranged in 
bunches of ten with sprays of Asparagus. Varieties 
of the Cactus section like Old Gold, Professor Bald¬ 
win, and Vulcan were in exceedingly good condition 
for the lateness of the season. Messrs. John Laing 
& Sons, Forest Hill, staged a quantity of blooms 
(both single and double) of tuberous Begonias. 
Messrs. J. Cheal & Sons, Crawley, Sussex, were 
awarded a Silver Medal for a tasteful and effective 
group of single, Cactus, and decorative Dahlias, with 
other hardy flowers. Of the Cactus varieties shown, 
Aurora, Mrs. A. W. Tait, Black Prince, and Kaiserin, 
were of the best; Cupid, Achilles, and Geo. Brink- 
mann being well worthy of note in the Pompone 
section. Collections of fruits and vegetables were 
also well represented, and showed what can be done 
in our climate even under the influence of an un¬ 
favourable season like the past. Messrs. J. Laing 
& Sons, Forest Hill, had a large table of Apples and 
Pears often neatly and attractively displayed in 
baskets. We have previously mentioned some of 
the numerous examples of Apples that have been 
well grown by the above-mentioned exhibitors. 
They had some good samples of Pears such as 
Pitmaston Duchess, and Duchesse d’Angouleme, and 
a new variety of a late-keeping Apple named Dyke's 
Seedling was commended (Silver Gilt Medal). 
Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons, had a large collection of 
vegetables, including Onions, Savoys, Brussels 
Sprouts, Carrots, Leeks, Shallots, and Celery. The 
collection of Onions was the largest and most im¬ 
portant, seeing that it included thirty-four varieties, 
of which Ailsa Craig, Main Crop, The Record, 
Cannell’s Globe and others were of large size. Carrots 
were also good (Silver Gilt Medal). Mr. H. 
Berwick, Sidmouth, Devon, had a large collection of 
Apples and Pears displayed in baskets and plates. 
Emperor Alexander, Gravenstein and Peasgood’s 
Nonsuch were well-coloured Apples, and Beurre 
Clairgeau and Grosse Calebasse were amongst the 
larger samples of Pears (Silver Gilt Medal). The 
Onions shown by Mr. H. Deverill, Banbury, were 
marvels for size as usual, in spite of the adverse 
season. Ailsa Craig has done best this year, but the 
Lord Keeper, Rousham Park Hero, and Anglo- 
Spanish are scarcely smaller. The Wroxton, The 
Lord Keeper, and Royal Jubilee are good-keeping 
Onions (Silver Medal). Messrs. S. Spooner & Sons, 
Hounslow, had a fine collection of Apples and Pears, 
but the former were the most plentiful, including 
well-coloured samples of Hoary Morning, Col. 
Vaughan and Duchess Favourite (Silver Medal). 
Mr. Alfred Wyatt, Hatton, Middlesex, had a 
collection of Apples and Pears, in some cases neatly 
displayed in baskets. Messrs. Wm. Cutbush & 
Son, had a collection of Apples and Pears arranged 
in front of, and forming part of their group of herb¬ 
aceous plants which won the medal. Mr. A. Newell, 
gardener to Sir Edwin Saunders, Fairlawn, Wimble¬ 
don Common, staged a fine dish of Sutton’s Perfection 
Tomato. 
--j.-- 
Questions anD anstueRs. 
Grub in Cineraria Leaves. — S.C. : Your 
Cinerarias are attacked by the grubs of a small, 
black fly, named Phytomyza nigricornis. It is the 
Chrysanthemum Leaf Miner, and if you are growing 
Chrysanthemums of any sort you will probably find 
that the leaves are more or less tunnelled, like those 
of the Cineraria, but probably to a much greater 
extent. By lifting up the leaves and looking upon 
the lower sides you will find gray or dirty white, 
elevated spots about | in. long. These spots con¬ 
tain the fly in the pupa or resting stage, and should 
be squeezed between the finger and thumb so as to 
crush the pupa, and thereby prevent the next brood 
from laying a fresh batch of eggs upon the leaves. 
Be careful not to break nor injure the leaves more 
than can be helped while searching for the grub or 
its resting pupa. It would help to prevent the 
fly from laying its eggs upon the leaves if you 
syringe the plants occasionally with weak tobacco 
water. 
Names of Fruits.— John Reid: 7, Hollandbury ; 
9, Stirling Castle ; 5, Ne plus Meuris ; 4, Beurre Diel; 
6, Louise Bonne of Jersey; 8, Minshall Crab; 2, 
Pitmaston Duchess; others rotten.— W. Tolley : 2, 
Beurre Diel; 3, Flemish Beauty; 4, Marie Louise; 
5, Beurre superfinj; 6, Fondante and Automnes. 
Pruning. Constant Reader: Perhaps the most 
useful to you would be Du Breuil’s Scientific and 
Profitable culture of Fruit Trees, published by Crosby 
Lockwood & Co., price 3s. 6d. 
Training Chrysanthemums.— Anglesea : Using a 
few stakes for supports is a very different thing from 
training a Chrysanthemum, as the word training in 
connection with specimen Chrysanthemums is 
ordinarily understood, and their use to a moderate 
extent should never disqualify in a class for untrained 
plants. An untrained plant means one which has 
been naturally grown, and not had its growths 
twisted and contorted in all directions to reduce its 
height and to form a rounded head. 
Mushroom Bed.—IF. T.: The horse droppings 
should certainly not be so wet as they appear to 
reach you, but if you have any floor space in a dry, 
open shed, there ought to be no difficulty in drying 
them sufficiently by spreading them out thinly over 
the floor for a day or two, before throwing them into 
a heap to ferment. 
Pruning Habrothamnus.— W.T. : The sooner 
this is effected after the plants have done flowering, 
the sooner they will come into bloom next year. 
The plant may not be entirely done flowering even 
now, but as pruning is so necessary to keep the 
plant within due bounds, and to make it appear tidy, 
fresh and attractive every year you must annually 
prune it pretty hard back. Leave a few eyes at the 
base of every shoot, except in the case of the leaders 
which should be left at much greater length, pro¬ 
vided always that there is plenty of head room for it. 
When the plant is as high as the house, or as high 
as may be convenient to allow it to go, then the 
leaders may be cut back in the same way as the 
laterals. Avoid crowding by thinning out the shoots 
where necessary. 
Names of Plants.- -R.S.: 1, Chrysanthemum 
uliginosum ; 2, Anemone japonica elegans ; 3, Aster 
diffusus horizontalis; 4, Aster Novi-Belgii; 5, 
Lonicera flexuosa aureareticulata. H.J. : 1, Oacidium 
incurvum; 2, Oncidium tigrinum ; 3, Cattleya 
maxima. IF. Jamieson : 1, Juniperus virginiana 
var. ; 2, Cupressus nutkaensis (Thujopsis borealis 
is only a synonym); 3, Libocedrus decurrens; 4, 
Retinospora pisifera. 
Primula Sieboldi grandiflora.—IF. T. : The 
culture of this plant is very simple. At present, all 
you have got to do is to plunge the pots in ashes in 
a cold frame to prevent the frost from breaking 
them. As growth commences in spring give plenty 
of air to prevent the leaves and flower stems from 
getting drawn. The pots should then be taken out 
of the ashes and stood on the top of them as near 
the glass as possible, but the flowers must not touch 
it. The sash should be tilted up all along one side, 
preferably the lee side of the wind. Attend 
regularly to watering when needed. As the plants 
go out of flower the pots may be stood on ashes 
in some half-shady place behind a hedge or wall out 
of doors. The plants may be carefully repotted 
after they have done flowering, or towards the end 
of July or in August, when the leaves have mostly 
died down. They will require shading for a few days 
if the potting is done when in full leaf, but none 
whatever if the leaves have partly died down. Put 
them in the frames again about the end of Septem¬ 
ber or in October. 
Richardias, Violets, and Frost.— IF. T.: When 
there is likely to be more than 3 0 or 4 0 of frost, the 
Richardias should be taken into a greenhouse or pit 
from which frost is excluded. If the frames are 
close and well matted up at night they might 
exclude 6° of frost, but the Richardias are very 
tender and the leaves liable to be destroyed, so that 
we should make them safe at the earliest opportu¬ 
nity. Violets are hardy, so that they may be kept 
in frames all the winter. You cannot, however, 
expect them to flower under those conditions. If 
they are grown in pots, plunge the latter in coal 
ashes to prevent the frost from breaking them. 
Communications Received.— R. S.—W. R.—- 
A. O.—J. M.-A. N.—B. F.—J. B.—W. H. C.— 
Luxor—Z.—A. D.—W. F. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
A. Bailey', Jun., Silksworth Lane, Sunderland.— 
Show and Fancy Pansies. 
Wm. Clibran & . Son, Oldfield Nurseries, 
Altrincham. — Shrubs, Fruit Trees, Plants for 
forcing, &c. 
Thomas Rivers & Son, Sawbridgeworth.—Fruit 
Trees, Select Roses, &c. 
John Watkins, Pomona Farm Nurseries, 
Withington, Hereford.—Hardy Fruit Trees. 
W. Rumsey, Joyning's Nurseries, Waltham Cross, 
N-—Roses, Fruit Trees, Ornamental Trees and 
Shrubs, etc. 
-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
October 16 th, 1894. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, and 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, report a smaller demand 
for Winter Tares and Rye. Clovers unchanged. 
Rape Seed steady. Ryegrasses easier. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
October 17th, 1894. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d s. d. 
Apples.per bushel 30 70 
Cherries, per hit. sieve 0 000 
Cob Nuts and Fil¬ 
berts, per 100 lbs.22 6 24 0 
Grapes, per lb. 06 1 6 
Melons .each 10 20 
s. d. s. d- 
Peaches & Nectarines, 
per doz. 2 o 10 o 
Pine apples. 
—St. Mlohael's, each 26 60 
Plums .half Sieve 00 00 
| Strawberries, per lb. 0 0 00 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
i. d. j. d 
ArtlchokesGlobedoz. 30 60 
Beans, French, perlb. 03 04 
Beet.per dozen 20 30 
Cabbages ... per doz. 16 z 6 
Carrots ... per bunch 0 6 
Carrots, 
Cauliflowers, Eng.dz. 30 60 
Celery.per bundle 16 20 
Cucumbers .ea :h 0 4 06 
Endive, French, d tz. 2 6 30 
Herbs .per bunch 02 06 
Plants in Pots.—Avera 
t. d. s. d. 
Asters...per doz. pots 40 60 
Aspidistra, per doz 18 0 42 0 
—specimenplants.eachs 0 15 0 
Cyperus .per doz. 4 0 12 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
per doz. 4 0 15 0 
Dracaena term., doz. 18 0 36 0 
Dracaena viridis.doz. 90180 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 30 80 
Ferns, small, per 100 30 60 
1, d. 1, d. 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Lettuces ...per dozen 20 00 
Mushrooms, p. basket 10 16 
Onions.per bunch 04 06 
Parsley ... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Seakale...per basket 00 00 
Smallsalading,punnet 0 4 
Spinach per bushel 3 0 
Tomatos. per lb. 0 6 10 
Turnips.per bun. 0 6 
iE Wholesale Prices 
t. d. 1. d. 
Foliage Plants, doz. 12 0 60 0 
Heliotrope...per doz. 30 60 
Marguerites, perdoz. 60120 
Mignonette, per doz 60 00 
Palms in variety,each 2 6 10 0 
Palms, Specimen ... 15 0 63 0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet 
per doz...3 060 
Primulas,perdoz. ... 40 60 
Solanums, 
per doz. pots 10 0 12 0 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d. 
Arum Lilies, izblms. 40 60 
Asters, English, doz. 
bchs. 30 60 
Bouvardlas, per bun. 09 10 
Carnations...per doz. 10 20 
Carnation, doz. bchs. 9 0 12 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
doz. blooms 20 60 
,, doz. bunches 30 90 
Eucharis ...per doz. 30 60 
Gardenias 12 blooms 20 40 
Heliotropes,12 sprays 06 09 
Lllium Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 60 90 
Lilium lancitolium, 
white.doz.blms. 20 4 0 | 
1. d. s. d 
MaidenhairFern,i2bs,4 060 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 16 30 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 10 30 
Orchid Bloom in var. 
per bloom, from 03 10 
Pelargoniums 12 sps. 06 09 
Pink Roses...per doz. 20 40 
Pyrethrum doz. bun. 20 40 
Primula, double, bun. 4060 
Roses .doz. bchs. 6 0 12 0 
Roses, yellow, dozen 20 40 
— Red.doz. blms. 10 16 
— Tea.per dozen 06 20 
Scarlet Geraniums, 
doz. bchs. 40 60 
Tuberoses, per doz 0 4 06 
ooztsrTiEisrTS. 
PAGE. 
Adiantum ciliatum.124 
Begonia manicata.116 
Bulbs in Holland.123 
Cannas, notes on...117 
Chrysanthemum Society, 
National.117 
Cockroaches.T25 
Dahlia, the.117 
Devonhurst, notes from ...123 
Eupatorium riparium.124 
Falling Leaves, the.124 
Fern Wall, a pretty.121 
Floral Decoration at Leeds 124 
Floriculture .120 
Florists' and other Flowers 122 
Flower Garden, the.118 
Flower Shows, lessons 
from.122 
Flowers fcr Winter .117 
Fruit under glass.119 
Gardening Miscellany .124 
Gloxinas planted out.125 
Hardy Fruit Garden, the ...119 
Hippophae rhamnoides.125 
page. 
Horticulture, Higher 
Education in...115 
Maxillaria mirabilis .118 
Orchid Notes.118 
Pears, Abnormal Crop of ...121 
Plants.recently certificated, 117 
Pleroma macranthum .125 
Polyanthus, The Gold 
Laced .120 
Ramondia pyrenaica.121 
R;ses, planting of .120 
Science Gleanings .119 
Seeds, distribution of.124 
Societies.125 
Strawberry, Royal 
Sovereign .124 
Teaching the young idea ...120 
Tomato culture intheopen, 116 
Tulipa Chrysantha.125 
Tulipa Concinna.123 
Vegetable Exhibition, 
National.117 
Vegetable Garden, the.ng 
Vegetables.118 
Vine leaves, coloured.120 
