November 24, 1894. 
th;e gardening world. 
195 
JAPANESE CHRYSANTHEMUMS. 
BW “The Finest Show in the World.” 
Arranged in one of the Best Show Houses in the Kingdom. No other Chrysanthemum Specialist has 
anything to compare with it. 
Novelties from Japan, America, the Continent, and the cream of the English. Also 8oo Seedlings, 
raised entirely from Seed, hybridised and saved in the Nursery. The whole forming the most complete 
trial of Novelties in existence. 
Worth going miles to see. The Exhibition is open daily (Sundays excepted). 
W. J. GODFREY, THE NURSERIES, EXMOUTH, DEVON. 
ORCHIDS. 
Clean Healthy Plants at Low Prices. 
Always worth a visit of inspection. Kindly send for Catalogue. 
JAMES CYPHER, 
Exotic Nurseries, CHELTENHAM. 
For Index to Contents see page 206. 
“ Gardening Is the purest of human pleasures, and the greatest 
refreshment to the spirit of man."— Bacon. 
NEXT WEEK'S ENGAGEMENTS. 
Monday, Nov. 26th.—Bulb and Plant Sale at Protheroe & Morris’ 
Rooms. 
Tuesday, Nov. 27th.—Royal Horticultural Society. Meeting 
of Committees at 12 o'clock. 
Wednesday, Nov. 28th.— Sale oi Lily Bulbs at Protheroe 
SPECIAL CULTURE 
OF 
& Morris Rooms. 
Thursday, Nov. 29th.—National Chrysanthemum Society’s 
Annual Dinner at Anderton’s Hotel. 
Sale of Greenhouse Plants at Protheroe & Morris' Rooms. 
Friday, Nov. 30th—Sale of Orchids at Protheroe & Morris’ 
Rooms. 
FOR PLEASURE AND PROFIT 
NOTHING SO PROFITABLE 
AND EASY TO GROW. 
Eighty Acres in Stock. 
BEST PROCURABLE. 
Lists Free. 
HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS. 
Bushes in variety. Packing and 
Carriage Free, for cash with order. 
8 §. perdoz., GO §• per 100. 
A ll other Nursery Stock 
carriage forward . 
ROjSiSiN POTS From 15/» a doz. 
I rli Ornamental Trees, 91 Acres. 
Four Acres of Glass. 
L 1 lim Clematis ( 8 o,ooo) from 15 /- 
per doz. 
N.B.—Single Plants are sold at 
slightly increased prices . 
GENERAL CATALOGUE 
(lf.4 pages) of Nursery Stock, 
artistically produced, containing 
some hundreds of illustrations, 
U/J't and full of valuable information, 
sent free. 
RICHARD SMITH&C9 Worcester 
FRUIT TREES & ROSES. 
A Large and Select Stock is now offered for Sale. 
The Illustrated and Descriptive Catalogue of Fruits post free 
The Descriptive Catalogue of Roses post free. 
fit* ijWltl, 
THOMAS RIVERS & SON, 
The Nurseries , 54 WBRIDGEWORTH , Herts. 
Edited by BRIAN WYNNE, F.R.H.S. 
SATURDAY , NOVEMBER 24 th, 1894. 
AMATEURS 
Who follow the instructions given in 
'The Amateur Orchid Cultivators’ Guide Book,’ 
By H. a. BURBERRY, F.R.H.S., 
ORCHID GROWER TO 
The Right Hon. JOS. CHAMBERLAIN, M.P., 
GAN G ROW O RCHIDS 
In Cool, Intermediate, or Warm Houses, 
SUCCESSFULLY 
Ther. is a Calendar of Operations for 
each month, and full information 
the treatment required by all 
mentioned in the book. 
First Edition. Just Published 
2s. 6d.; post free, 2s. gd. 
“Gardening World” Office, 
1, Clement’s Inn, Strand, London. 
CHRYSANTHEMUMS 
NORMAN DAYIS has much pleasure 
in announcing that his new Catalogue of 
Chrysanthemums is now ready, and can 
be had free by post. This Catalogue is 
issued simply as a guide, such as a Cata¬ 
logue should be, and will be found com¬ 
prehensive and useful. You are welcome to 
a copy, even if not a purchaser. 
NORMAN DAY IS, 
Chrysanthemum Nurseries, 
LILF0R0 ROAD, CAMBERWELL, LONDON, S.E. 
Hi Coming Flower.— Since 1570, when 
V Canna indica was first introduced from 
the West Indies, others have been intro¬ 
duced from time to time, and their cultiva¬ 
tion has probably been more or less con¬ 
tinuous since that date. Doubtless, how¬ 
ever, they were grown by a few enthusiasts 
only for many years. Some ten or fourteen 
years ago an extensive collection of 
varieties was grown upon trial in the gar¬ 
dens of the Royal Horticultural Society, 
but they were all evidently intended as 
fine foliage plants for sub-tropical garden- 
ing, for which they were very suitable in 
park and garden where a sufficient amount 
of shelter could be afforded them to guard 
against boisterous weather and gales of 
wind, which were prejudicial to their well¬ 
being and detrimental to their freshness by 
tearing the leaves and making them ragged, 
as happens to Musas under the same con¬ 
ditions. The incitement or inducement to 
this kind of culture came doubtlessly from 
the eastern side of the Channel, where our 
French neighbours, enjoying a warmer and 
less fickle climate, found them serviceable 
adjuncts to other kinds of floral vegetation 
in their parks and gardens. 
Since garden improvements upon exist¬ 
ing species have been inaugurated, Cannas 
have acquired a new lease of life and pro¬ 
gressive development, and it seems that in 
a few years they must assume a place of 
importance in our greenhouses and con¬ 
servatories as flowering plants. Neither 
can the beauty and noble character of the 
foliage of well grown specimens be ignored, 
seeing that it varies from green to glaucous, 
coppery, bronzy, and purple. Another 
character of desirable modern improve¬ 
ments is dwarfness; for in pot cultures it 
is evident that a maximum of bloom for a 
minimum of foliage can be accommodated 
in any given space provided the stems are 
short (say 2 ft. to 3 ft.) and the flowers 
large. The inauguration of this new era 
for Cannas practically commenced when the 
variety Madame Crozy first made its 
appearance and excited the admiration of 
cultivators in various parts of the world. 
The large flowers are orange-vermilion, 
narrowly edged and speckled with gold. 
For several years past the observant could 
hardly fail to notice the ever increasing 
number of Cannas that is being brought 
before the public at exhibitions, Every 
year finds fresh admirers and levies new 
recruits for the contingent of cultivators. 
If for a moment we reflect upon the lines 
along which the new improvements are 
being effected, it is evident that anything 
but general ideals of perfection at present 
would be premature or impossible of con¬ 
ception. Cannas are not yet regarded as 
florists’ flowers, whatever they may be in 
the future. No rules are therefore laid 
down as to what shall be the paragon on 
which to model the fashion or form of the 
improvements. The possibilities and 
potentialities of the improvements to 
be effected in Cannas, may yet be only in 
embryo, and in such a case there is a 
brilliant future before them. It is well that 
all improvements yet to be made remain 
untrammelled by rules according to any 
fanciful ideal. The principal features that 
have excited the public admiration are the 
ever increasing size of the flowers, the 
widening of their segment (principally the 
petaloid stamens) and the brilliancy of the 
colours in many cases. The more impor¬ 
tant of these are the self or uniform hues, 
the edged and the spotted flowers. Besides 
the two latter types there are flowers of 
mixed colours, but they are less appre¬ 
ciated as a rule. Selfs are represented by 
Kaiser William II. (scarlet), Primrose 
(clear yellow), and others. Grandiflora 
picta is yellow spotted and striped with 
red, while Charles Henderson is rich 
crimson, pencilled with gold in the centre. 
Edged kinds are represented by Konigin 
Charlotte (brilliant red with a broad golden 
edge) and Madame Bernard (orange-scarlet 
edged with gold). Madame Crozy on the 
other hand is vermilion, narrowly edged 
and speckled with gold, thus combining in 
itself two types. All these may be taken 
as an indication of the possibilities yet to 
be realised to a more and more excellent 
degree. 
The amenities that recommend Cannas to 
the attention of the cultivator, are those 
already stated, besides their continuous 
blooming qualities and the fact that they 
can be successfully cultivated in green¬ 
houses and conservatories, at least during 
the summer months, without any increase 
above the ordinary temperature. Every 
sucker produced, will, when strong enough, 
develop a spike or branching spike of 
flowers, and in order tojpromote this end, 
repotting and feeding must be resorted to 
after the primary stems have finished bloom¬ 
ing. Now that dwarf varieties are being 
raised, Cannas will become more amenable 
for room decoration and as window plants 
than they have been in the past, for which 
their massive but neat foliage renders them 
highly suitable. The leaves could easily 
be washed by syringing and sponging when 
that becomes necessary as it is liable to do 
