December 1, 1894. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
211 
q^nQETO for indoors. 
riVJOlZLd FOR OUTDOORS. 
Many thousands, all classes, including the latest novelties 
H.P.’s for Garden Decoration or Exhibition, 6/-and SI- per 
dozen; 50/-and 65/- per 100. TEAS and NOISETTES, 15/- 
and 18/- per dozen. Climbing sorts with long shoots, 2/6, 3/6, 
and 5/-each. See New Catalogue (No. 129) for full particulars 
of our immense collection. Also for Fruits, Shrubs, Trees, 
Rhododendrons, American plants, Climbers, &c., Post Free. 
WM. CLIBRAN & SON, 
OLDFIELD NURSERIES, ALTRINCHAM, 
Also at Manchester, Llandudno Junction, &c. 
FOR PLEASURE AND PROFIT 
NOTHING SO PROFITABLE 
AND EASY TO GROW. 
Eighty Acres in Stock 
BEST PROCURABLE. 
Lists Free. 
HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS. 
Bushes in variety. Packing and 
Carriage Free, for cash with order. 
8§. perdoz., GOs.perlOO. 
A U other Nursery Stock 
carriage forward. 
Rills IN POTS From 15/- a doz. 
Ornamental Trees, 91 Acres. 
Four Acres of Glass. 
Clematis (80,000) from 15/• 
per doz. 
N. B.—Single Plants are sold at 
slightly ir.creased prices. 
GENERAL CATALOGUE 
(164 pages) of Nursery Stock, 
artistically produced, containing 
some hundreds of illustrations, 
and full of valuable information, 
'!&% sent free. 
ri'chard SMITH&C9Worcester 
SPECIAL CULTURE 
OF 
FRUITTREES &_R0SES. 
A Large and Select Stock is now offered for Sale. 
The Illustrated and Descriptive Catalogue of Fruits post free 
The Descriptive Catalogue of Roses post free. 
THOMAS RIVERS & SON, 
The Nurseries , SA WBRIDGEWORTH, Herts. 
AMATEURS 
Who follow the instructions given in 
'The Amateur Orehid Cultivators’ Guide Book,’ 
Br H. A. BURBERRY, F.R.H.S., 
ORCHID GROWER TO 
The Right Hon. JOS. CHAMBERLAIN, M.P., 
GAN GROW O RCHIDS 
In Cool, Intermediate, or Warm Houses, 
SUCCESSFULLY 
There i* a Calendar of Operations for 
each month, and full information 
the treatment required by all 
mentioned in the book. 
First Edition. Just Published 
2s. 6d.; post free, 2s. gd. 
“Gardening World” Office, 
1, Clement’s Inn, Strand, London. 
CHRYSANTHEMUMS 
NORMAN DAVIS has much pleasure 
in announcing that his new Catalogue of 
Chrysanthemums is now ready, and can 
be had free by post. This Catalogue is 
issued simply as a guide, such as a Cata¬ 
logue should be, and will be found com¬ 
prehensive and useful. You are welcome to 
a copy, even it not a purchaser. 
NORMAN DAVIS, 
Chrysanthemum Nurseries, 
ULFORD ROAD, OAMBERWELL, LONDON, S.E. 
FRUIT TREES A SPECIALITY. 
An immense stock of all the best varieties for Garden, 
Market, or Orchard :— 
Special Quotations for quantities to grow for market. 
New and Rare sorts not obtainable elsewhere. 
Apples.—A grand stock of Standard and Half-standards, 
Dwarfs, Cordons, and Trained. 
Pears, Plums, Cherries, Peaches, and Apricots in all forms. 
Gooseberries, Currants, and Raspberries. 
Strawberries, all the best of the old and new varieties, open 
air plants or in small pots. 
Send for Descriptive List and Guide, Post Free, 6d. Gratis 
to Customers (one of the most complete issued). Ordinary 
List Free. 
JOHN WATKINS, 
Pomona Farm Nurseries, Wi thington, Her eford. 
ORCHIDS. 
Clean Healthy Plants at Low Prices. 
Always worth a visit 0/ inspection. Kindly send for Catalogue. 
JAMES CYPHER, 
Exotic Nurseries, CHELTENHAM. 
For Index to Contents see page 222. 
NEXT WEEK’S ENGAGEMENTS. 
Monday, Dec. 3rd.—Bulb Sale at Protheroe & Morris’ Rooms, 
and every day. 
Special Sale of Hardy Perennials at Protheroe & Morris’ 
Rooms. 
Tuesday, Dec. 4th.—Early Winter Chrysanthemum Show at 
the Royal Aquarium, Westminster (3 days). 
Sale of Imported Cattleyas at Protheroe & Morris’ Rooms, 
Wednesday, Dec. 5th.—Sale of Japanese Lily Bulbs at 
Protheroe & Morris’ Rooms. 
Friday, Dec. 7th.—Orchid Sale at Protheroe & Morris’ Rooms. 
fa fwtfaW ifWlti, 
Edited by BRIAN WYNNE, F.R.H.S. 
SATURDAY , DECEMB.ER i st, 1894. 
||ardy Fruits and the Mild, Moist 
^ Weather.— On the face of it, theoreti¬ 
cally, it would seem that mild and equal le 
weather would be conducive to the welfare 
and keeping of hardy fruits in fruit and 
store rooms, but, unfortunately, such is not 
the case. The month which has just ended 
witnessed a large proportion of the Pears, 
both in bulk and variety, fast hurrying to 
ripeness or to destruction, that is, rotten¬ 
ness. To a great extent this is so in average 
seasons, and we have been accustomed to 
look upon it as natural, but the early part 
of November saw this process being 
effected at an abnormal and phenomenal 
rate so that the regular supplies were bound 
to fall short before their accustomed time. 
Some of the best varieties of Pear remained 
firm to the last on the outer surface while 
decay, proceeding in the centre, soon 
rendered them valueless for the table, and 
at best they could only have been fit for 
cooking or stewing purposes if taken in 
good time while the core was soft and 
brown. This, of course, applies more 
particularly to dessert varieties, although 
it may ultimately affect culinary Pears 
unless we have a decided change for the 
better in atmospheric influences. 
The absence of home-grown Apples from 
the markets may mean one of several 
deductions—either that the short supply 
has all been sold out, that it has suffered 
the fate of the Pears, or that there is no 
demand for them. The latter surmise 
we can hardly accept as the true 
one, considering that home-grown fru : :, 
when the better varieties are brought 
forward, is admitted to be of superior 
quality and flavour to any foreign 
samples. Apples certainly do not exhibit 
that soft, spongy and tasteless condition 
which characterises the bulk of American 
Apples when kept till a little past their 
prime, and which invariably happens before 
they are all retailed to the public. To 
some extent, the home-grown product has 
decayed prematurely. The third pre¬ 
sumption that the short supply of fruit has 
been sold, is yearly growing in weight as 
the public comes to recognise its high 
standard of quality. There are exceptions 
in the case of small and inconspicuous- 
looking varieties, which fail to enjoy that 
appreciation they deserve, s : mply because 
they fail to catch the eye by reason of their 
lack of colour. We look to education to 
remove both the ignorance and prejudice 
which prevail in the case, and also to the 
improvements that are yearly being effected 
both in the size and the appearance of the 
varieties grown and offered for sale. The 
question remains whether any home-grown 
Apples will appear in the Christmas 
markets as in former years. When late- 
keeping kinds are stored in quantity, it 
often happens that the heaps are made too 
deep, and are then covered with mats, hay 
or straw to exclude the frost, with the 
result that decay sets in wholesale owing 
to the undue retention of moisture amongst 
the fruits and the difficulty of removing de¬ 
cayed ones without a great deal of labour, 
and the injury inflicted as a result of too 
much and careless handling. Hardy fruits 
in private establishments fare much better 
in being kept drier and in very shallow 
layers without any covering. Foreign 
Apples now being sold, are rotting at a 
very unusually rapid rate, the decay com¬ 
mencing where the fruits have been injured 
at the points of contact in the barrels and 
packing-cases, and when this reaches the 
centre the fruit collapses. The result must 
be that in a short time both Apples and 
Pears will become comparatively scarce 
and prices will run up accordingly. All 
this decay, precocious ripening and loss 
may be due in part to the wet summer and 
autumn which failed to bring the fruits to 
proper maturity ; and in the second case 
to the mildness and moisture of autumn 
and early winter since the produce was 
harvested. Mild weather naturally hastens 
maturity, and moisture induces decay, 
particularly in the case of worm-eaten and 
bruised fruit from whatever cause. 
•Mnother phase of the mild winter.—- 
* The boisterous winds and heavy rain¬ 
fall have done much to spoil the 
appearance of many shrubs and herbs now 
flowering in the open air ; yet notwith¬ 
standing that fact many plants would 
appear to have mistaken the season. 
Where bedding and other summer flowering 
subject were not pulled up in October last, 
many of them still continue to bloom. 
Tropaeolums are amongst the more tender 
of the subjects put out in the open and are 
amongst the first to succumb to frost, but 
the foliage is still fresh both in the case of 
old plants and seedlings, while Fireball and 
the Canary Creeperare flowering on trellises 
and fences not only in some suburban dis¬ 
tricts of London but at some distance 
farther north. Ivy-leaved and other Pelar¬ 
goniums in boxes and on the window sills 
present a wonderfully fresh appearance and 
in many cases are in bloom. In cottage an 
other gardens, pompon and even large- 
flowered Chrysanthemums are flowering 
away freely, and are quite fresh in appear¬ 
ance except where they have been lashed 
about by the wind. Such as it is the flower 
