214 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
December 1, 1894. 
bronzy-gold, with incurved florets. Bride of 
Maidenhead is white and reflexed, while Dr. Grange 
is golden-yellow, massive, and belongs to the in¬ 
curved Japanese type. Princess is a bushy variety 
with stout, quilled and white florets, and being very 
floriferous is useful for market purposes, as is the 
Bronzy-gold Mrs. C. Orchard. 
Older Seedlings on Trial. 
Some of these date as far back as 1891, including a rose- 
cerise Jap., and a reflexed one of the same type with 
white and rose blooms that are yellow and rose in 
the centre. Another of 1892 has broad, white florets, 
and is superior to Elaine. A handsome sort is an 
incurved Jap. with broad, massive, pure white and 
slightly bearded florets. A reflexed Japanese form 
has large red blooms. A rosy-lilac Jap with a white 
reverse has massive blooms. Very curious is that 
which is white, lined and tipped, or splashed with 
rose. Interesting and beautiful is a seedling of the 
Japanese type with globular white blooms in its 
last stages. When the flowers first expand they are 
flat with a sulphury centre, and when half developed 
they begin to whorl and twist at the base, then 
develop into a complete ball of beautiful contour 
with the tips of the florets variously interlaced with 
one another. It is a seedling from Avalanche, and 
once more illustrates how different from the parent 
seedlings may be, as in the case of those from 
Robert Owen and Viscountess Hambleden. Other 
Japanese seedlings raised here have white flowers 
with loosely interlacing and narrow florets, yellow 
tinted with buff and closely incurved florets, and 
rosy-purple reflexed florets with a white tip, making 
a huge bloom like a mop. Another true Jap. has 
huge flowers made up of a spreading, twisted mass 
of long pink florets. A promising one has salmon- 
rose flowers on a yellow ground. A rose-cerise 
variety has drooping petals and another has regularly 
interlacing crimson petals with a nankin reverse. 
Others are yellowish-fawn, white from Viscountess 
Hambleden, a mulberry shade with incurved florets, 
pink, tinted with yellow in the centre and quilled, 
bronzy-yellow, deep rose-amaranth like an intensely 
coloured Viviand Morel, and a lilac, promising 
incurved Jap. 
Foreign Varieties. 
Interocean is a massive bloom with reflexed blush 
florets in the style of Viviand Morel. Ivory is a 
white-flowered market variety, and an orange one 
named Frank Wilcox is used for the same purpose. 
Country Gold is a yellow Japanese variety with 
pointed, divuricate florets ; Minerva is also yellow, 
but very different in form ; and Autumn Glow is of the 
same form and colour as Madame Cambon. All of the 
above are American sorts. A number of French and 
other Continental varieties may be seen, including 
Ville de Nimes, warm rose, in the way of Violetta, 
Vice-President Boutreux, a Jap. with rosy-lilac fim¬ 
briated florets, and Guiseppe Grudici, yellow and 
bronze; the latter is a promising Italian variety. 
James Lynch a crimson, reflexed Jap. comes from 
Tasmania. Pride of Launceston also comes from 
the Antipodes, and is a very promising and massive 
Jap. of a rich amaranth with a silvery-white reverse. 
-- 
SOME PRETTY CRAB APPLES. 
The planting season is again with us, and the time 
is suitable for calling attention to a few choice 
flowering trees in the hope that some at least will 
plant them. When orchards are gay with bloom, 
and the Crabs in woods and copses are a mass of 
lovely colour, then we should see and enjoy those 
pretty kinds which are not wild with us, but hardy, 
easy to grow, and ornamental in the truest sense. 
From Japan comes one of the finest Crabs which 
gardens small or large should have. This is known 
as 
Pyrus Malus floribunda, but unfortunately the 
true thiDg is not always sent out under this name. 
In growth it is very different from any European 
Crab, having slender horizontal branches, and the 
diameter of branch spread of a tree 6 ft. high is 
quite double that amount. Allowed to grow 
naturally, it branches freely from bottom to top. 
The flower clusters are produced all along the grace¬ 
ful half drooping branches, and the tree is a perfect 
mound of blossom, the buds crimson, the expanded 
flowers pink. There are now several distinct forms 
of this pretty tree, and all are worth growing by 
those who have room for them. A variety named 
atrosanguinea has flowers of a decidedly darker 
shade, as the name implies. One of the choicest 
Crabs, however, is a form of floribunda which was 
first called Halleana, but is now being distributed 
under the name of 
P. Parkmanni fl. pl. When it has attained 
greater dimensions, there is no doubt it will then be 
one of the most beautiful of the many ornamental 
Crabs. It is said to make a tree about 12 ft. high, 
but even young bushes commence to flower freely 
the second year from planting. It has a slender, 
spreading growth ; its leaves are of a very deep dark 
green colour, and hang upon the tree long after 
those of other kinds have fallen. The flowers come 
in clusters along the entire length of the shoot, the 
buds being a rich carmine-red, becoming a little 
lighter as they expand. They are large, and, owing 
to their semi-double forms, last rather longer in 
perfection. Yet another form of the Japanese Crab, 
but as yet hardly known in this country, is one 
named 
P. Scheideckeri. It was raised by L. Spath 
from seed, and is the result of a cross between flori¬ 
bunda and prunifolia. It is said to be more beauti¬ 
ful and more vigorous than floribunda, but having 
only been in commerce about five years, there has 
hardly been time to prove what the raiser claims for 
it. Its habit of growth is more erect than that of 
floribunda, and the few flowers that our young tree 
produced this spring showed it to be distinct. After 
another year or two we shall be able to judge it 
better, and for the present those who plant will do 
best to confine themselves to the preceding kinds. 
The fruits of the Japanese Crab are exceeding small, 
being scarcely larger than a pea. 
The Chinese Crab has been in the country long 
enough to have become a common tree, but whilst 
most planters deluded themselves into the belief that 
only evergreens were suitable for the surroundings 
of houses and gardens it is no matter for surprise 
perhaps that we only now and then meet with a 
good specimen planted probably by someone to 
whom its beauty specially appealed. There are few 
prettier flowering trees than the Chinese Crab, only 
it wants rather more room to develop, being a larger 
tree altogether than its Japanese relative. Full 
grown specimens are from 25 ft. to 30 ft. high, and 
have a considerable branch spread. Happily its 
flowers freely when young, and therefore soon repays 
the planter, gaining in beauty year by year as it 
increases in stature. It has large semi-double 
flowers of a light reddish-pink colour, the buds 
before opening being of a deeper red tint. There 
are several forms of this now obtainable, the best 
being that named Kaido, whilst the others lately 
planted, but not proved, are said to produce double 
rose and double white flowers respectively. 
P. Toringo, also Japanese, must not be forgotten. 
It is little more than a spreading shrub, but very 
pretty, having distinct toothed leaves, small pink 
flowers, succeeded by tiny fruits hanging in thick 
clusters. A form of this name, Ringo, is more dwarfish 
still, and bushes barely a yard high are a sheet of 
flowers in early spring, whilst the leaves that come 
later on are more like those of a Hawthorn than a 
Crab. 
The American Sweet-Scented Crab (P. coron- 
aria) is to be found in a few old gardens. It has 
been introduced more than 150 years, but has so 
long been neglected that it would be difficult to obtain 
it in English nurseries. It has large single pale 
pink flowers, which appeal to and gladden other 
senses besides that of sight, as they possess a delight¬ 
ful scent like that of Violets. 
The larger-fruited Siberian and other Crabs 
are better known, and some of them, like the Dart¬ 
mouth, John Downie, Fairy, and others are becom¬ 
ing popular. A striking addition to this race is one 
named Elisa Rathke, a weeping kind, with this 
tendency so decided that its lateral branches grow 
downward almost perpendicularly. It is said to 
have a large, handsome fruit, and without a doubt 
as the trees grow older and larger their effect will be 
curious and pretty. 
There is no more trouble involved in planting such 
trees as these than is necessary to plant the con¬ 
ventional mixture we see everywhere in nearly all 
gardens, and even old gardens might be greatly 
beautified by piecemeal renovation of the shrub¬ 
beries. A little grubbing and planting each year 
might be done at small cost, and a good way to 
avoid confused mixtures is to take a family of trees 
or shrubs adapted to the spot, and make a good bold 
group of the best of them .—The Field. 
TIE VEGETABLE GARDEN. 
Taking Stock. 
Most gardeners will now have their hands full in 
protecting any that are not capable of withstanding 
the frost, which we may expect to set in at any time, 
and would seriously cripple them if left uncovered. 
This is also the season to take stock as it were. Those 
gardeners who have paid attention to the various 
crops as they became ready for use, and noted down 
every particular concerning them, should have no 
difficulty in making out their seed lists another 
season. There are many, however, who do not go 
to this trouble, and are therefore often puzzled when 
the season comes round to know what to order. To 
such a few remarks on some of the best varieties 
may not be out of place just now, as we shall soon 
be having the Seedsmen’s catalogues, which will 
almost bewilder us with the long list of novelties 
which are of course all the best. We all know how 
good vegetables are appreciated therefore it is the 
duty of the gardener to try to get the best even 
though the seed be a little more expensive. 
About Turnips. 
Early Milan Turnip is no doubt very good as it 
turns in so quickly, it must however be used quickly 
as it soon gets strong. Early Snowball is not far 
behind and is of much finer quality. A very 
early kind is Sutton's Scarlet Perfection and its 
Counterpart Yellow Perfection, but these are after 
the early Milan stamp and therefore not equal to 
Snowball. For summer use we have found nothing 
to equal Veitch’s Red Globe. It is perfect in shape, 
handsome in colour and delicate in flavour. Green 
top Globe is also a good variety for summer use, but 
we have found none to equal Chirk Castle, Black 
Stone, for withstanding the winter. ‘To grow this 
variety well requires rich soil. 
Potatos and Peas. 
Potatos also call for some remarks, for haviDg 
grown some scores of varieties we are able to speak 
with some confidence about these. For Earlies we 
have found none yet to equal the Ashleaf kinds as 
their tubers are usable when quite small. There are 
earlier kinds it is true, but they are not so well 
flavoured till fully grown. We must next give the 
palm to Sutton's Supreme. This fine new Potato 
ought to soon find a place in every garden, for it is 
without doubt the finest second early in cultivation 
and with us withstood the disease better than any 
other. It produces short robust haulm, tubers 
kidney-shaped of even size and perfect in form. No 
garden ought either to be without Windsor Castle 
for it is an enormous cropper, of truly pebble shape, 
and free from disease. 
Peas are another vegetable that requires carefully 
dealing with, there are so many fresh varieties in 
the market. We may safely say that one of the 
coming varieties is Veitch’s Main Crop. This is a 
large type of the Chelsea Gem, with dark green 
curved pods ; grows about 4 ft. in height. Of Onions, 
none that we have grown are equal to Sutton’s strain 
of Ailsa Craig. It is a globe-shaped variety, of 
quick growth and fine flavour. Of French Beans, 
there is nothing in our opinion for summer use to 
equal Sutton’s Triumph; the pods in shape are 
more like those of the old Scarlet Runner, being 
broad and rough. The plants are dwarf and branch¬ 
ing. Seakale Lily White is certainly an improve¬ 
ment on the old purple kind. It forces easily, is of 
better colour, and produces better crowns. 
Salading, &c. 
Lettuce, for early use, there is nothing to equal 
Golden Ball or Golden Queen, and for summer, 
Mammoth Cos or Balloon. There does not seem to 
be so much competition in the way of new varieties 
of Parsnips, the old ones still holding their own in 
the field. Carrots, however, are very numerous, 
some of the stump-rooted kinds turning in very 
early. Of both Cauliflower and Broccoli there have 
been numerous introductions of late years. Both 
Autumn Mammoth and Early Forcing are two grand 
additions. Savoys.—The best of these are Sutton’s 
Tom Thumb and Late Drumhead. Brussels Sprouts 
have also much improved; there are, however, so 
many good varieties of these that it would be very 
difficult to say which of them was best. Perhaps of 
all our kitchen garden crops none have improved to 
such an extent as the Tomato. Year by year we are 
having new varieties or improved forms; the only 
thing to be attained now is flavour. We have 
