January 5,1895, 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
301 
pots, more loam, however, being used in the com¬ 
post. They must be kept near the glass and supplied 
with plenty of water. An intermediate stove 
temperature will be required, and pinching must be 
judiciously practised to favour a dwarf and bushy 
habit. After the old plants have finished flowering 
they should be accorded a partial rest for a short 
time, water being but very sparingly administered, 
afterwards being cut back and introduced into a 
growing atmosphere to induce them to break, potting 
being conducted as soon as the plants have well 
started.— A. G. 
- »i» 
Hardening Miscellany. 
DAPHNE INDICA. 
This old denizen of our Greenhouses, which is so 
much admired for its delicious perfume by all who 
know it, is, as generally met with, of medium growth. 
When grown in pots the plants should not be placed 
in the open air, because if allowed to get saturated 
by frequent rains they suffer in consequence. A 
closer atmosphere than that of the usual run of 
Greenhouses suits them better, and where they can 
be syringed once or twice a day. Under these con¬ 
ditions they will make better progress than in a dryer 
position. This plant is often spoiled by having too 
many of the flowering shoots cut. A sparing hand 
will often save the life of this plant, which a reckless 
one will destroy. By keeping a portion of the stock 
of plants warmer than the others through the winter 
months, a longer succession of flowers will be 
obtained. Another point in reference to its culture 
is never to over-pot or over-water. A mixture of 
loam and peat, made moderately sandy, is a suitable 
compost, and pot moderately firm, using the material 
rather coarse.— IV. B. G. 
CHRYSANTHEMUM GOLDEN WEDDING. 
In reply to Mr. Beckett’s enquiry (p. 252), with 
reference to our mode of treatings the variety Golden 
Wedding, all I can say is that it had just the same 
treatment as the rest of our collection until the first 
week in August, when two plants collapsed as though 
boiling water had been poured over them. I thought 
they had perhaps received an overdose of some 
fertiliser, and from that time they had no further 
stimulant whatever, with the result that the plants 
have kept quite healthy and not a spot has been 
seen on leaf or stem .—Henry Perkins, Greenlands, 
Henley-on-Thames. [We should be obliged if some 
grower would send us a “collapsed” plant for 
examination. It should be sent as soon as possible 
after being attacked by the mysterious ailment.— Ed.] 
CRASSULA LACTEA. 
In this we have a plant that is no mean addition to 
the ranks of winter flowering subjects. The in¬ 
florescence is cymose and the flowers pure white in 
colour, while the habit of the plant itself is dwarf, 
being usually little more than a foot high, although 
Strong plants when staked up will occasionally reach 
a height of 2 ft. It is very suitable for growing in 
small pots or fairly shallow pans, and should be 
accorded a compost of loam, leaf soil and plenty of 
sand, with a quantity of broken bricks or crocks 
mixed with the soil. Propagation may easily be 
effected by cuttings, inserted in light sandy soil, and 
placed under a bell glass. It is advisable, howeve 
to allow the cuttings to dry for a while before 
insertion, their liability to damp off being thus 
checked considerably. 
HAMMAMELIS ARBOREA. 
A number of neat little specimens of this beautiful 
Japanese shrub, which are growing in a round bed 
nearly opposite to the eastern wing of the “T.” 
range at Kew, are even now commencing to open 
their rich primrose yellow flowers, occasioned doubt¬ 
less by the exceptional mildness of the weather we 
have enjoyed during the latter end of 1894. Still 
the plant usually flowers, weather, of course, permit¬ 
ting, at an exceedingly early part of the year, a fact 
that cannot fail to endear it to the hearts of all lovers 
of hardy deciduous trees and shrubs. In order to 
obtain the best effect it is advisable to group a 
number of plants together, for in this way a much 
better result is obtained than where the planting of 
isolated specimens is practised. 
PEAR PRECOCE DE TREVOUX. 
This variety of Pear was obtained about six years 
ago by M. Treyve, of Trevouse. It ripens early, and, 
in fact, succeeds Beurre Giffard with which, and 
Andre Desportes, it may be classed. The fruit is of 
good size, with a fine, melting flesh and of excellent 
flavour for an early fruit; the skin is of a beautiful clear 
yellow, jfinely mottled and spotted with russet, and 
some small green splashes remain even when per¬ 
fectly mature. About the end of August it is fit for 
use, though some writers describe it as ripening about 
the end of July. Probably the difference of the weather 
in 1893 and 1894 would account for the discrepancy in 
the recorded periods of ripening. The tree is 
vigorous and fertile, and the branches are generally 
covered with twigs and spurs throughout their 
length without being submitted to any pruning. It 
can be cultivated under any form, and according to 
its great fertility it can be placed in situations that 
are not very sunny. The Pomological Congress of 
France, which is rather severe in its discriminations, 
has admitted or adopted the fruit into its list of 
recommendable varieties. The shape of the fruit 
is something between pyriform and top-shaped, 
being of moderate length, rather thick at the apical 
end with a half open eye in a very shallow cavity, 
while the short stalk is inserted in a small cavity at 
the blunt base.There is a good illustration of the variety 
in the Bulletin d'Arboriculture for December last. 
Questions add AnsiueRS. 
Incurved Japanese Chrysanthemums.— Thomas 
Bone : There is no one term, perhaps, that would 
exactly define what you mean, so that the best way 
would be to state a type, or make a comparison. 
For instance, in class so and so, you might say six 
Japanese incurved, all as distinctly incurved as 
Viscountess Hambleden, Pearl Beauty, Louise, etc.; 
or six Japanese incurved, semi-incurved varieties not 
permissible ; or six Japanese incurved, half incurved 
sorts such as Stanstead White, W. H. Lincoln, etc. 
not permissible; or six Japanese incurved, must be 
closely infolded. 
Yellow Begonias, &c. — Two questions'. You speak 
of one or two colours, and we presume that you 
want them for edgings to the yellow strain of 
Begonias. In any case we should not advise you to 
mix the plants with anything, unless it be a ground¬ 
work of Herniaria or blue Violas. The inner edging 
might consist of bronze-flowered Begonias, or a line 
of small plants of Begonia sempervirens Vernon’s 
var, with bronzy foliage. The outside line might 
consist of blue Lobelia, or Echeveria secunda glauca. 
The following are good early flowering Chrysan¬ 
themums, namely, Madame Desgrange, white; Mrs. 
Hawkins, golden yellow; Precocite, golden yellow ; 
Mrs. J. R, Pitcher, white ; Lady Fitzwigram, -white; 
Ryecroft Glory, golden yellow; William Westlake, 
golden yellow, tinted red; M. Gustave Grunerwald, 
soft pink; Flora, yellow; Golden Shah, yellow; 
Early Blush, rosy blush ; and Roi des Precoces. All 
of the above are first-class kinds that flower early 
and have decided colours. Some are large flowering, 
others are pompons ; and though the yellow hues are 
rather numerous, the flowers vary greatly in size, in 
shades of colour and other respects. Nearly the half are 
large-flowering varieties as far as the early blooming 
race is concerned. 
Communications Received. —J. H.—J. G.—- 
W. H.—G. S.—Constant Reader.—H. J. W.— 
M. & C.—S. C.—W. I.—Experience.—W. O.— 
J. B. H. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED- 
Charles Sharpe & Co., Sleaford.—Garden and 
Farm Seeds. 
Dicksons, Chester.—Select Vegetable and Flower 
Seeds. 
Dobbie & Co., Rothesay, N.B.—Seed Catalogue 
and Competitors’ Guide. 
Dickson, Brown & Tait, 43, 45, Corporation 
Street, Manchester.—Vegetable and Flower Seeds. 
John Downie, 144, Princes Street, Edinburgh.— 
Seed Catalogue. 
Stuart & Mein, Kelso.—Amateurs' Gardening 
Guide. 
Chr. Lorenz, Erfurt.—Flower and Vegetable 
Seeds. 
B. S. Williams & Son, Victoria and Paradise 
Nurseries, Upper Holloway, London.—Flower, 
Vegetable, and Agricultural Seeds. 
_ - ♦ - _ 
' ♦ 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
January 1st, 1895. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, and 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, report that some little 
business has been done in best grades of yearling 
English Red Clover at full prices, owing to new 
crop being likely to prove short and of inferior 
quality. German White Clover offers on slightly 
easier terms. No change in values of Trefoil or 
Alsike. Ryegrasses steady. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
January 2nd, 1895. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
j. d j. d . 
Apples.per bushel 30 90 
Nova Scotia Apoles 
per barrel 12 0 15 0 
Cherries, per hit. sieve 0 o 00 
Cob Nuts and Fil¬ 
berts, per 100 lbs.21 o 23 o 
Grapes, per lb. 10 19 
s. d. 
Melons .each o 0 
Peaches & Nectarines, 
per doz. 0 0 
Pine apples. 
—St. Mlohael's, each 2 6 
Plums .half Sieve 0 o 
Strawberries, per lb. 0 0 
j. d- 
0 0 
o 0 
6 0 
0 0 
0 0 
Vegetables.—Average 
1. d. 1. d. 
ArtlchokesGlobedoz. 30 60 
Beans, French, perlb. 16 20 
Beet.per dozen 20 30 
Cabbages ... per doz. 1626 
Carrots ... per bunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers, Eng.dz. 30 50 
Celery.per bundle 16 20 
Cucumbers .ea ;h 1 0 20 
Endive, French, djz. 2 6 30 
Herbs .per bunch 02 06 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Retail Prices. 
1. d. s. d. 
Lettuces ...per dozen 20 00 
Mushrooms, p. basket 10 16 
Onions.per bunch 04 06 
Parsley ... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Seakale...per basket 20 26 
Smallsalading,punnet o 4 
Spinach per bushel 3 0 
Tomatos. perlb. 06 10 
Turnips.per bun. 0 6 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices 
1. d. s. d. 
Aspidistra, per doz 18 0 42 0 
—specimenplants.eachs 0 15 0 
Cyperus .per doz. 40120 
Chrysanthemums, 
per doz. 60 80 
Cyclamen, per doz.... 9 0 18 o 
Dracaena term., doz. 18 0 36 0 
Dracaena viridis.doz. 9 0 18 0 
Erica hyemalis, per 
doz. 12 0 18 0 
„ gracilis per doz. 10 0 12 0 
1. d. 1. d. 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 30 80 
Ferns, small, per 100 30 60 
Foliage Plants, doz. 12 0 60 0 
Marguerites, perdoz. 80120 
Mignonette, per doz 60 00 
Palms in variety,each 2 6 10 o 
Palms, Specimen ... 15 0 63 o 
Primulas,per doz. ... 40 60 
Solanums, 
per doz. pots 8 0 12 0 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms. 60 80 
Azalea.doz. bchs. 6 o 12 0 
Bcuvardias, per bun. 06 10 
Carnations...per doz. 10 20 
Chrysanthemums, 
doz. blooms 20 60 
,, doz. bunches 4 o 12 o 
Eucharis ...per doz. 30 40 
Gardenias 12 blooms 20 40 
Heliotropes,12 sprays 06 09 
Hyacinth (Roman) 
doz. bch. 9 o 12 0 
Lilac (French) 
per bch. 50 60 
Lillum Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 60 80 
MaldenhalrFern,i2bs.4 060 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 16 30 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 30 40 
Narciss (French) 
doz. bch. 40 5 o | 
s. d. 1. d- 
Orchid Bloom in var. 
per bloom, from 03 10 
Pelargoniums 12 sps. 06 09 
Pink Roses...per doz. 30 60 
Pyrethrum doz. bun. 20 40 
Primula, double, bun. 06 09 
Roses, yellow, dozen 20 40 
— Red.doz. blms. 30 60 
— Tea.per dozen 06 20 
Scarlet Geraniums, 
doz. bchs. 50 60 
Tuberoses, per doz 04 06 
Violets (French) 
Parme, per bch. 20 36 
Violets (French) 
Czar, per bch. 19 20 
Violets (French) 
doz. bch. 20 26 
Violets (English) 
doz. bch. 16 26 
OOHSTTIEIIsrTS. 
PAGE 
Ardisia crenulata.296 
Asparagus, a newAmerican 301 
Auculea japonica.296 
Begonias, double, for 
bedding .296 
Berried Plants.296 
Books, notices of.293 
Botany, the Study of.298 
British Botany.300 
Chrysanthemum, Golden 
Wedding.301 
Chrysanthemum, the 
Japanese.297 
Crassula falcata . 301 
Crassula lactea. 301 
Daphne indica.301 
Epping Forest in Winter...299 
Eranthemum nervosum ...300 
Floriculture .296 
Furcraea Selloa .301 
Gardening Miscellany .301 
Greenhouse and Conserva¬ 
tory .294 
PAGE 
Half Holiday forGardeners 293 
Hammamelis arborea ..301 
Hardy Fruit, a little-known 300 
Japanese Flowers .293 
Laelia Arnoldiana delicala 294 
Orchid Houses,the.295 
Orchid Notes.294 
Paths and Roads.299 
Pear, Precoce de Trevoux...3oi 
Photography and Horti¬ 
culture.291 
Pinks .296 
Pits and Frames.294 
Plant Houses, the .294 
Sciadopytis verticillata.297 
Science Gleanings.295 
Seakale, lily-white .296 
Senecio grandifolius.301 
Shrubby Spiraeas .297 
Stove,the .294 
Vegetable Garden, the .295 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Anthracite Coal, page 
W. H. Essery. 302 
Auction Sales. 
Protheroe & Morris. 290 
Bulbs. 
Barr & Son. 289 
Catalogues. 
Barr & Son. 304 
Dobbie & Co. 289 
C. Sharpe & Co., Ltd. 291 
Sutton & Sons. 291 
J. Veitch & Sons. 291 
Webb & Sons . 291 
Chrysanthemums 
N. Davis . 291 
W. Etherington. 289 
H. J. Jones. 290 
R. Owen . 290 
J. Walker. 289 
W. Wells. 290 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead. 290 
Florists’ Flowers. 
W. J Burn. 289 
J. Laing & Sons. 289 
A, Medhurst. 291 
Fruit Trees, &c, 
J. Watkins . 290 
Fruit Trees and Roses. 
T. Rivers & Son . 290 
R. Smith & Co. 290 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
J. Arnold . 302 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst... 289 
Sankey & Son. 302 
Hardy Plants. 
J. Matthews & Sons. 289 
Heating Apparatus. 
Jones & Attwood . 302 
Thames Bank Iron Co... 289 
Horticultural Builders. 
J. Boyd & Sons. 28g 
J. Gray . 2S9 
G. Hayward . 302 
W. Richardson & Co... 289 
J. Weeks & Co. 289 
Insecticides. 
Gishurst Compound. 289 
Manures. 
C. Beeson. 289 
W. H. Beeson. 28g 
Standen's. 289 
W. Thomson & Sons ... 302 
Miscellaneous. 
Epps’ Cocoa . 302 
Epps’ Peat. 302 
Gishurstine. 289 
Mrs. Graham . 289 
Outram's Orchid Holder 302 
Porter’s Crocks. 302 
Tidy’s Mum. Cup and 
Tube . 302 
Smyth’s Orchid Baskets 289 
Orchids 
J. Cowan & Co.290 
J. Cypher .291 
P. McArthur. 289 
H. Brochner.289 
Genl. Berkeley.2Sg 
F. Sander & Co.289 
Roots for Forcing. 
S. Bide . 289 
G. Stevens . 289 
Seeds. 
R. Dean .289 
Dickson, Brown & Tait...291 
F. Roemer.28g 
C. Sharpe & Co., Ltd.291 
R. Smith & Co.290 
Sutton & Sons.289 
J. Veitch & Sons.291 
Webb & Sons .291 
