April 13, 1895. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
525 
triumphans Lionel Crawshay, two very fine varieties, 
but particularly the latter, were shown by De B. 
Crawshay, Esq. (gardener, Mr. S. Cooke), Rosefield, 
Sevenoaks. A small, but interesting group of 
Orchids was set up by T. Statter, Esq. (gardener, Mr. 
R. Johnson), Stand Hall, Whitfield, Manchester. 
Cattleya Schroderiana splendens was notable for 
the great size of the flowers, and the huge crimson- 
purple, much-crumpled lip of Laelio-Cattleya Pallas 
superba, marked it out as the finest of the hybrid 
Laelias at the meeting. Some Orchids were shown 
by J. T. Bennett-Poe, Esq. Holmwood, Cheshunt, 
including large and well flowered pieces of Cymbidium 
eburneum, C. Lowianum and Dendrobium James- 
ianum. 
Messrs. Barr & Son, Covent Garden, contributed 
a large quantity of hardy cut flowers in first-class 
order, for which a Silver Banksian Medal was 
awarded. Narcissi were an exceptionally strong 
feature of the group, and comprised such well-known 
kinds as N. princeps, N. Horsfieldii, N. Emperor, N. 
obvallaris, N. telamonius plenus, N. lobularis plenus, 
N. rugilobus, N. Golden Spur, and N. Henry Irving, 
the blooms being large and exceptionally well- 
coloured Helleborus punctatus and the allied form 
Dr. Hagg were also represented, together with 
numerous bright little bunches of Chionodoxas of 
various sorts, the pretty Anemone pulsatilla, Iris 
reticulata, Fritillaries, Erythroniums, and the neat 
little Sisyrinchium grandiflorum album. The whole 
group literally blazed with colour, and well deserved 
the award it received. Messrs. John Laing & Sons, 
Forest Hill, S.E., staged a quantity of stove foliage 
and flowering plants in a tasteful and praiseworthy 
manner, in which some fine trusses of bloom of 
Clivias Rt. Hon. Joseph Chamberlain and Vesuvius 
were very conspicuous. Some nicely coloured 
Crotons and Dracaenas were also present, Cala- 
diums also being an important feature of the group 
(Silver Flora Medal). 
From Mr. Fitt, gardener to Earl Cowper, Pans- 
hanger, Herts, came an exceedingly fine display in 
the shape of some splendidly-flowered sprays of 
Beaumontia grandiflora superba, the blooms being 
especially large and fine, and possessed of an un¬ 
usually powerful fragrance. Mr. Fitt had also a 
fine head of bloom of Cordyline Australis, as well 
as a bunch of thedelicately-white flowers of Gloneria 
jasminiflora. 
Messrs John Peed & Sons, Roupell Park Nurseries, 
Norwood Road, showed a quantity of well-grown 
and shapely plants of Dracaenas, D. Lindeni, D. 
Madame F. Bergman, D. terminalis alba, and D. 
Vicomtesse de Belavale being present in particularly 
meritorious condition (Silver Banksian Medal). 
From Mr. Thos. S. Ware, Hale Farm Nurseries, 
Tottenham, N., came a bright and interesting collec¬ 
tion of hardy herbaceous and Alpine plants, for 
which a Silver Flora Medal was deservedly awarded 
by the committee. Narcissi bulbocodium and 
reflexens, Megaseas crassifolia and speciosa, were 
very fine, and than the splendid examples here 
shown of Primulas rosea, denticulata, and its white 
variety alba, minima, viscosa nivalis, Cashmeriana, 
and Clusiana, we have seen nothing better this 
season. Saxifragas apiculata, Burseriana, oppositi- 
folia, O. splendens, O. alba, and the rare Boydi, 
together with some exceedingly pretty varieties of 
Hepatica triloba, Draba elongata, and D. aizoides, 
Puschkinia libanotica, Trillium grandiflorum, Cypri- 
peiium calceolus, and Dicentra spectabilis, all helped 
to add a charm to the group. Messrs. B. S. 
Williams & Son, Upper Holloway, had superb 
examples of Clivias, the trusses of such varieties as 
C. aurantiaca, Holloway Beauty, Martha Reimers, 
and Mme. Van Houtte, being especially large and 
fine ; also a group of Amaryllis, some good varieties 
being present. A superbly flowered specimen of 
Ataccia cristata was at once beautiful and interesting, 
and constituted one of the prime features of the 
group. Some really fine flowers of Anthurium 
Burfordiense, A. Archduc Joseph, A. Lawrencia- 
num, and A. sanguinea, from the same firm, 
were also very conspicuous, as was also a basket 
filled with plants of Scutellaria Mocciniana. This 
was an extensive exhibit, and was accorded a Silver 
Banksian Medal. A group of Richardia blooms 
of extraordinary size came from F. C. Carr, Esq. 
(gardener, Mr. A. J. Reid), Farnham Chase, Slough, 
Bucks. Mr. Charles Turner, Slough, contributed a 
basket of Carnation Mrs. Hamlet Riley, a beautiful 
flesh-pink in colour, and of the Malmaison type. 
Two large baskets of Violets, Swanley White, 
Neapolitan, and Marie Louise were sent by Mr. Wm. 
Slogrove, gardener to Mrs. Crawford, Gatton, Reigate 
(Bronze Banksian Medal). Mr. George Mount, 
The Nurseries, Canterbury, obtained a Silver Flora 
Medal for a couple of stands filled with cut Roses 
in splendid condition. The whole of the blooms were 
good, although those shown of Madame Watteville, 
Catherine Mermet, The Bride, and Marechel Niel, 
were especially good. A Silver-gilt Flora Medal was 
awarded to Mr. Frank Cant, Braiswick, Colchester, 
for a magnificent exhibit of cut Roses, which 
included superb examples of Niphetos, Souvenir 
D'Elise Vardon, Ernest Metz, Souvenir D'un Amie, 
May Rivers, Sport, and Catherine Mermet. 
Some splendidly flowered specimen plants of the 
beautiful deep orange flowered Streptosolon 
Jamesoni, which were sent by J. Bennett-Poe, Esq., 
were particularly noteworthy. Although the plants 
were so large and full of flower they were all 
obtained from cuttings struck in a gentle heat only 
a twelvemonth ago (Silver Flora Medal). Messrs. 
James Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, showed some well- 
flowered plants of the early-blooming Rhododendron 
Early Gem, which coming from the open ground 
testified to its exceeding precocity ; also a basket 
of the pretty little white flowered Loripetalum 
chinense. 
Despite the trying nature of the past winter for 
vegetables, a very nice collection of twenty-four 
varieties was shown by Mr. G. Wythes, gardener to 
Earl Percy, Sion House, Brentford, who received a 
Silver Knightian Medal. Mr. Wythes also exhibited 
a box of Strawberry La Grosse Sucree. The fruits 
were of large size and exceedingly well coloured, and 
received a Cultural Commendation at the hands of 
the Fruit Committee. 
Quescions; acid msojgrs. 
%* Will our friends who send us newspapers be so good 
as to mark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall be greatly obliged by their so doing. 
Birds and fruit trees.— Arbre : The bullfinch 
frequents fruit trees in spring but particularly Apples 
for the sake of the flower buds. The Garden 
Warbler is not confined to the Apple ; it feeds on 
insects, worms, caterpillars, the fruits of the Apple, 
Pear, Plum, Cherry, Fig Peas, &c. The goldfinch 
builds in Apple trees. We have seen the nightingale 
on Apple trees in early summer where it was singing, 
but it is by no means confined to the Apple. Black¬ 
birds and thrushes may be found upon Apple and 
Pear trees occasionally when the fruit is ripe. The 
titmice maybe seen searching the branches and buds 
for insects. The Apple tree is frequently chosen by 
the wryneck for miking its nest in, if there should 
happen to be a hole in the trunk. The nuthatch 
frequents orchards and gardens. The creeper may 
occasionally be found on Apple trees in company with 
the titmice. The great spotted woodpecker some¬ 
times plunders fruit trees such as Plums, Cherries 
and wall fruits in general, but its food is very variable. 
The lesser spotted woodpecker feeds on insects, 
caterpillars, ants, spiders, as well as the fruit of the 
Apple and Plum and Grapes in the vineyards abroad. 
Jays frequent various trees and sparrows anything 
that will afford the means of perching. We cannot 
say what birds make a point of abandoning withered 
trees. Many birds would leave them when they no 
longer afford shelter or food. The wryneck on the 
contrary frequently gives preference to the branches 
and trunk of a leafless or dead tree. The latter often 
swarm with beedes and other insects so that many 
insectivorous birds would haunt them for the food 
they find there. 
Fostite. —Gillyflower asks what is Fcstite, a good 
dusting of which on Carnation cuttings is said by an 
American grower to keep away disease ? Can any of 
our readers help him to an answer. 
Rhododendrons for South Africa. — Hopeful-. 
The requisite amount of moistnre will be the most 
difficult matter you will have to deal with, and 
unless the soil is naturally moist, it will have to be 
taken out to a depth of zj ft., and its place supplied 
with sandy and muddy material, obtained from the 
banks or bed of some stream, or from som : similar 
source. We hardly expect you will be able to find peat. 
We should try several kinds by way of experiment. 
For instance, there are several of the Himalayan 
species and their varieties that might be expected to 
succeed in South Africa, including Rhododendron 
arboreum, R. Aucklandii, R. campanulatum, R. 
ciliatum, R. Thomsoni, R. Nuttallii, R. Maddeni, 
R. Edgeworthii, R. Hodgsonii, R campvlocarpum, 
R. Boothii.R.grande.R.barbatumand R. Cnampioni, 
the latter from Hong Kong. The above will in mo^t 
cases require more room than the common R. 
ponticum and its varieties. Then a selection might 
be made from the hybrid greenhouse Rhododendrons 
of the Javan type, including R. Taylori, Rose per¬ 
fection, Princess Royal, President, Princess Beatrice, 
Minerva, Monarch,-Ne plus ultra, Lord Wolseley, 
Favourite, Empress, Brilliant, Aphrodite, and 
Amabile These would be more expensive, but we 
should expect them to succeed, and they are very 
beautiful. Some of the beautiful hybrid varieties of 
R. ponticum might alsobe tried by way of experiment 
to see which are likely to succeed best. We should 
think the present as good a time as any tosendthem 
out, because they would have the cool season in 
Africa to form roots before the drought sets in. On 
the other hand there would be a considerable advan¬ 
tage in planting them at the commencement of the 
rainy season, to give them a chance of getting 
established. Bushy plants about a foot high would 
be most easy to manage. If not in pots, the roots 
should be tied up-in mats and the soil well watered 
before starting. 
Names of Plants. — John McKinnie : Freesia 
refracta. 
Communications Received. — B. S. W.— J. B. C. 
—S. C.—Omega—W. C. C.—A. W.—J. Lindsay 
(next week). 
-- 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED, 
James Veitch & Sons, 544, King’s Road, Chelsea, 
S. W.— Catalogue of Plants, including novelties, for 
1895. 
Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford—Select 
list of Orchids. 
-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
April 9 th, 1895. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, & 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, report a good enquiry for 
Clover and Grass seeds. Trefoil dull; all other 
articles steady. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
April 1 ot A, 1895. 
Fri it.—Average Wholesale Pricks. 
j. i s. d . 
Apples.per bushel 30 90 
Nova Scotia Apoles 
per barrel 12 0 21 0 
Cob Nuts and Fil¬ 
berts, per 100 lbs.18 0 
s. d. s. d. 
Grapes, per lb.10 36 
Pine-apples. 
—St. Michael's each a 6 60 
Strawberries, Nobles, 
per lb. 2 o 30 
Other varieties, 
per lb. 3 0 60 
Vegetables 
1. 
ArtlchokesGlobedoz. 3 0 
Beans, French, perlb. 2 0 
Beet.per dozen 2 0 
Cabbages ... per doz. 3 o 
Carrots ... per bunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers.doz. 3 0 
Celery.per bundle 1 6 
Cucumbers .ea;h 0 3 
Endive, French, djz. 2 6 
Herbs .per bunch 0 2 
Horse Radlsb, bundle 2 0 
—Average R&tail Prices. 
d. 1. d. 1 
i. d. 
6 0 Lettuces ...per dozen 2 0 
2 6 Mushrooms, p. basket 1 0 
Onions.ner bnneh o 4 
0 6 
3 0 
4 0 
6 0 
2 0 
0 9 
3 o 
0 6 
4 0 
Musnrooms, p. DasEet 
Onions.per buuob 
Parsley ... per bunch u u 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Seakale...per basket 2 6 
Smallsalading,punnet 0 t 
Spinach .per lb. 0 6 
Tomatos. per lb. 0 6 
Turnips.per bun. 0 6 
:. d. 
0 0 
1 6 
0 6 
3 o 
Plants in Pots —Average Wholesale Prices 
1. d. 1. d. 1. d. 1. d. 
Arbor Vitae (golden) 
per doz. 60120 
Aspidistra, doz. 18 0 36 0 
„ specimen 
plants. 5 0 10 6 
Azaleas, each .. 30 40 
Cinerarias, per doz. 90120 
Cyclamen, per doz. 9 0 12 0 
Dracaena, various, 
per doz. 1! o 30 o 
Dracaena vlrldis.doz. 9 0 18 0 
Erica, various, do!.... 9 0 18 0 
Euonymus, var. doz. 6 o 18 0 
Ferns, invar.,psr doz. 4 0 i3 0 
Ferns, small, per 100 40 60 
Ficus elastica, each 10 -> o 
Foliage Plants, var., 
each 2 0 10 0 
Hyacinths, per doz 9 0 12 o 
Lycopodiums, doz. 30 40 
Marguerite Daisy, 
per doz. 60120 
Myrtles, doz. 60 90 
Palms in variety,each 1 0 15 o 
Palms, Specimen ...21 0 63 o 
Primulas, doz.4 0 
6 o 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 0 24 0 j 
Cut Flowers —Average Wholesale Prices. 
6 o 
S. d. 
s. d. 
s. d. 
1. d. 
Arum Lilies, I2blms. 5 0 
6 0 
Pyrethrum doz. bun. 2 0 
4 0 
Azalea, doz. sprays 0 6 
1 0 
Roses (indoor), doz. 0 6 
1 0 
Asparagus Fern, bun. 2 0 
3 0 
„ Tea,whits, doz. 1 0 
2 0 
Bouvardlas, per bun. 0 6 
1 0 
,, Yellow, doz. ... 2 0 
3 0 
Carnations doz.blms. 2 0 
3 0 
,, Safrano 
Double Daffodils, 
1 
(English), doz. ... 1 3 
2 0 
doz. bchs. 3 0 
4 0 
Roses (French), ' 
Single Daffodils, 
1 
yellow, doz. 
6 0 
6 0 
4 0 
doz. bchs. 4 0 
Euoharls ...per doz. 4 0 
Gardenias ...per doz. 3 0 
Geranium, scarlet, 
doz. bunches 6 o 
Lilac (French) 
per bch. 5 0 
Llllum long'.florcm 
per doz. 4 o 
Marguerites, 12 baa. 1 6 
MaHenhilrFern,i2bs. 4 0 
Orchids, doz. blooms 1 6 12 0 
Pelargoniums,t2 bun. 60 90 
Primula, double, doz. 
sprays 0 6 
Polussttia, doz. 
blooms 4 0 
bio >ms .16 20 
Rosss (French), red, 
doz. blooms. ... 2 0 26 
Smilax, per bunch ... 4 0 60 
Stephanotis, doz. 
1 sprays .40 60 
6 o Tuberoses, doz. 
I blooms .04 06 
Violets (English) doz. 
bun. .16 26 
Violets (French) 
Parme, per bun. 26 30 
Violets (French) 
Czar, per bun. ...20 30 
1 o Violets (French) 
| Victoria,doz. bun. 2640 
6 0 ! 
8 0 
6 o 
3 0 
6 0 
OJNTB1TTS. 
page 
Amateurs, hints for.520 
Asarum maximum. .523 I 
Birds, protection of wild ...519 
Botany, the s udy of .522 ! 
Caladiums.521 
Cauliflowers, early.520 
Cbas. Collins' Fund, the ...517 ' 
Chrysanthemum 
Philadelphia.5 20 
Cineraria, the .518 
Crinum gigant ;um.523 
Daphne Mezereum.522 
DendroblumB-ymerianuin 51S 
DendrobiumHildebrandtii 518 
Do plants eat soil ?.5 1 / 
Fruit prospects ..515 
Gardener's Education, a ...521 
Gardening in the west .516 
Goethias.523 
Liverpool Spring Show ...524 
Onions, a plea for big .523 
Orchid houses.519 
Orchid notes.51S 
Paeonies in pots.523 
Peas, protecting early .523 
Plant houses.518 
Potatos, culture of .517 
Royal Gardeners’ Orphan 
Fund .516 
Saladings .520 
Savin for Covert.516 
Societies.524 
Streptocarpus Gratus .523 
Telegraph Hill.516 
Vegetable Culture .523 
