May 25, 1895. 
THE GARDENING WORLD* 
621 
Irises and Orchids (Small Silver Medal). Mr. T. 
S. Ware had a group of Tree Paeonies, Spanish 
Irises, Gladiolus Colvillei, and The Bride (Large 
Bronze Medal). He also had a collection of breeder 
and rectified or florists’ Tulips on a grassy bank 
making a good display (Large Bronze Medal). 
Messrs. Barr & Son, King Street, Covent Garden, 
had a most representative collection of Tulipa 
Gesneriana spathulata, Darwin or Breeder Tulips, 
Parrot Tulips, and the old English Amateur Tulips 
(Small Silver Medal). Mr. R. Scott arranged a group 
of stove and greenhouse plants on a bank (Small 
Silver MedrJ). J. C. Tasker, Esq. (gardener, Mr. 
P. Perry), Middleton Hall, Brentwood, showed a 
group of Roses, including Crimson Rambler and 
others in a well-flowered condition. He also had a 
group of Cannas (Large Bronze Medal.) Mr. Geo. 
Mount, Canterbury, exhibited cut flowers of hybrid 
perpetual and Tea Roses which were of large size 
and showy (Large Bronze Medal). Mr. C. Turner 
had some new Pelargoniums including the Duke and 
Duchess of York and Miss Louisa Coombs, all light 
and pretty colours. Ludwig Mond, Esq. (gardener, 
Mr. J. V. Clarke), The Poplars, Avenue Road, 
Regent’s Park, had a group of Dendrobiums (Bronze 
Medal). Messrs. Paul & Son had a group of Lilacs 
(Large Bronze Medal). Mr. A. Knowles Horsell, 
Birch Nursery, Woking, showed boxes of Daphne 
Cneorum. A Certificate of Merit was accorded Mr. 
W. Barrell for six specimens of Mignonette in the 
form of standards. 
-•*-- 
Questions add adsorbs- 
%* Will our friends who send us newspapers he so good 
as to nark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall he greatly obliged by their so doing. 
Damask Rose, &c .—Rubens: The Damask Rose varies 
greatly in colour from white to red though the hues 
as a rule are light. Many flowers could therefore be 
named imitating some or other of the colours. 
Carnation Souvenir de la Malmaison, and its pink 
variety would closely resemble some of the lighter 
varieties. The Common Thrift (Armeria vulgaris) 
varies with pink, rosy red, soft lilac and white flowers, 
but we should hardly think magenta would correctly 
describe it. The Masdevallias are grown purely for 
ornamental purposes, and we do not know that they 
have any special characteristics. The word sport is 
more often used by gardeners than by botanists, 
but in any case it is most correctly used when 
applied to shoots that arise on plants bearing flowers 
in a different hue from the normal ones. Thus a 
Chrysanthemum usually bearing white flowers may 
develop a shoot bearing yellow ones. Young plants 
are raised from this shoot and the new variety is 
therefore termed a sport. A strain of flowers refers 
to those that have been selected from certain 
types for a number of years till good colours 
or characteristics have been fixed and can be 
perpetuated by seeds. Various workers may be 
engaged on the same class of plants and some may 
be more successful than others. Thus we might 
have Mr. A., Mr. B., and Mr. C’s strains. 
Portugal Laurel.—I notice it stated in one of 
your contemporaries that the Portugal Laurel 
(Prunus lusitanica) is not a Laurel at all and not a 
native of Portugal. Furthermore, the correspondent 
states that it was probably brought from Madeira or 
some other of the Portuguese possessions in the 
sixteenth or seventeenth centuries. I have always 
been under the impression that it came from Por¬ 
tugal, and can you say whether I am right ?— W. J. 
[It is acknowledged by the bestof modern authorities 
to be indigenous to South Europe, and presumably 
including Portugal. At any rate other good 
authorities state that it was introduced from 
Portugal in 1648. The variety P. lusitanica azorica 
is of a more vigorous habit than the type and was 
imported from the Azores. Possibly this is what 
the correspondent refers to when speaking of some 
other islands belonging to the Portuguese. To say 
that Prunus lusitanica is not a Laurel is simply to 
deny its name ; for instance, besides the Portugal 
Laurel, we have the Cherry Laurel (Prunus 
Laurocerasus) the Alexandrian Laurel (Danae 
Laurus) and the Common Laurel or Sweet Bay-tree 
(Laurus nobilis). The latter is no doubt the plant 
to which the correspondent made reference, but he 
might have been more definite.— Ed ] 
Roses and artificial manure.— W. Jones : The 
artificial manures that are beneficial to Roses are 
potash, nitrogen, phosphorus and lime. The first 
named may be applied in the form of kainit at the 
rate of 3 to 5 cwt. per acre, and may be dug into the 
ground in winter. The nitrogen may be applied in 
the form of nitrate of soda at the same rate; but we 
would give it in at least two applications to the surface 
of the ground, say at the end of March and again about 
the end of May. It will not hurt the flower-buds 
though showing themselves. Never give too strong 
doses of this manure at any time because it is very 
strong and quick acting. Sprinkle it on the top 
during showery weather, or you may turn on the hose 
or use a coarse-rosed watering pot. Phosphorus 
may be applied in the form of superphosphate at the 
same rate as the kainit, and both may be dug or 
pointed into the soil early in March. Instead of 
using either kainit or superphosphate you might give 
the Roses a good dressing of wood ashes just before 
digging; they make an excellent manure, if you can 
get them, being rich in potash. A dressing of lime 
may be given every three years or thereby and lightly 
pointed into the soil in spring. 
Watering Transplanted Evergreens.— H . 
Warwick'. Good-sized trees cf various Conifers, 
Laurels, Box and Hr Hies can be transplanted with 
great advantage in April and May, just before they 
commence growing or before they have made much 
progress, but you should select a showery or dull 
time for it if possible, otherwise it will be necessary 
to syringe or hose them every day until you have 
evidence that they have taken fresh root. In warm 
or mild early seasons it will be necessary to effect 
the transplantation at an early date accordingly. 
The latitude also affects the question considerably, 
because the farther north you go or to greater 
elevations, so the plants will be later in starting 
into growth, and transplanting need not be begun so 
early. These points would also apply to Aucubas, 
Pernettyas, Arbutus, and those members of the 
Heath family generally, which are spoken of as 
American plants. Large plants of Rhododendrons 
would also come into this category, but it depends 
upon the size of the ball of soil attached to the 
roots. We have seen moderate-sized plants lifted 
and conveyed 50 to 60 miles by rail and planted 
with great success justwhen the flower buds were on 
the point of expansion. The flowers were scarcely 
checked at all. The fine roots of Rhododendrons 
hold the soil about them. 
Bermuda Lilies. — Alex. Robertson-. The name 
refers to the Bermuda Islands where the bulbs are 
grown in enormous quantities, and therefore 
cheaply. It would have been more correct to have 
said Lilies from the Bermudas, but it is impossible 
to get growers to adopt long names where it is 
possible to avoid it. In gardens these Lilies are 
best known under the name of Lilium Harrisi, but 
that is also erroneous speaking from a botanical 
point of view. The correct name is L. longiflorum 
eximium, a variety imported from Japan as long ago 
as 1834. It would be quite as correct to say Japan 
Lilies as Bermuda Lilies ; but then it must be re¬ 
membered that the Japan Lily is Lilium japonicum. 
In the present case all you have to remember is that 
the Bermuda Lilies are so named because cultivated 
there. 
Names of Plants. — B. J. : 1, Berberis Wallicbii; 
2, Anemone sylvestris ; 3, a variety of Ghent 
Azalea we cannot undertake to name; 4, Rhododen¬ 
dron flavum, formerly known as Azalea flava ; 5, 
Prunus sinensis; 6, Pieris floribunda ; 7, Aesculus 
rubicunda — E. M. : 1, Trollius europaeus; 2, 
Trollius asiaticus Fortunei; 3, Saxifraga Aizoon ; 
4, Dodecatheon Media; 5, Scilla hispanica .—An 
amateur'. 1, Iris germaDica; 2, Saxifraga rotundi- 
folia ; 3, Primula japonica alba ; 4, Sedum Sieboldi 
variegatum ; 5, Pelargonium tomentosum ; 6, Pyrus 
japonica— H. W.\ 1, Veronica gentianoides alba; 
2, Centaurea montana; 3, Stachys lanata ; 4, Saxi¬ 
fraga granulata flore pleno.— H. Sadler : 1, Aubrietia 
deltoidea violacea ; 2, Armeria vulgaris ; 3, Saxifraga 
trifurcata ; 4, Dracaena rubra; 5, Lantana, a 
garden variety; 6, Streptocarpus, a garden hybrid 
between S. Rexii and S. lutea; 7, Cypripedium 
barbatum ; 8, Monarda sp., send when in flower ; 9, 
Euonymus japonicus.— W. Y. : Odontoglossum 
Hunnewellianum.— Omega : Prunus divaricata. 
Means of Protecting Strawberries.— On the 
Out 00k : We trust you will act up to your motto 
and take time by the forelock by making prepara¬ 
tions at once to protect the Strawberry blossom 
against a night's irost which might yet happen ; 
who knows? Loose straw, dry bracken, or any¬ 
thing of that sort might be laid down between the 
rows at once, so that should a night's frost be 
imminent all you should have to do would be to get 
the help of a mAn or two with a fork, and in an hour 
you could cover a large plantation with a loose 
coating of straw. Very little would ward off all the 
frost we are likely to get now till summer is again 
past. They could be uncovered in the morning by 
the same means, so that sun, air and insects can get 
at the blossoms to set them ; when once fairly set the 
coverings can be taken clean away. On the other 
hand should no destructive frost happen, the time 
wasted will be a small matter, and more than com¬ 
pensated for by the security it will give you, and the 
consequent freedom from anxiety 
Communications received. — H. Sadler, next 
week.—Omega—H. J. H.— A. McMillan.— A. P., 
Wolverhampton.—C. S. Fuidge. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED 
John Laing & Sons, Forest Hdl, London, S. E.— 
Tuberous Begonias. 
Andrew PoTTer, Wolverhampton.—Hose, netting, 
water-proof goods &c. 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
Mayi ^ th , 1895. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, & 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, report a small demand for 
clovers and grasses, prices uaaltered Mustard and 
Rape higher. Canary seed owing to speculative 
enquiry in London realises advanced prices. 
- mf - 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
May 22 nd , 1895. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
>. d j. d. I 1. d. j. d . 
Apples.per bushel 30 9 0 I Grapes, per lb. 1040 
Nova Scotia Apoles | Pine-apples. 
per barrel 12 0 21 0 | —St, Mlobael's each 26 60 
Cob Nuts and Fil- 1 Strawberries, Nobles, 
berts, per 100 lbs.10 0 ' per lb. 10 20 
Tasmanian Apples, I Other varieties, 
per case 8 0 11 o | per lb. 2 0 40 
Vegetables 
1. 
cbokesGlobedoz. 3 
aragus,per bundle 1 
ns, French,perlb. 1 
t.per dozen 2 
bages ... per doz. 3 
rots ... per bunch 0 
—Average Retail Prices. 
«. d. 
6 0 
4 0 
3 0 
4 0 
6 0 
2 0 
0 9 
3 0 
0 6 
1. d. 1. d. 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Lettuces ...per dozen 2 0 
Mushrooms, p. basket 1 0 
Onions.per bunoh 0 4 
Parsley ... per bunch o 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Seakale...per basket 1 0 
Smallsaladlng,punnet 0 a 
Spinach .per lb. 0 6 
Tomatos. per lb. 1 o 
Turnips.per bun. 0 6 
1 6 
0 6 
1 6 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d . s. d s . d . 
Arum Lilies, I2blms. 2040 Peonys, doz. bchs. ...60 90 
Azalea, doz. sprays 06 10 Primula, double, doz. 
Asparagus Fern, bun. 20 30 sprays 06 10 
Bcuvardias, per bun. 06 10 Pyrethrum doz. bun. 20 40 
Carnations doz.blms. 20 30 Roses (indoor), doz. 06 10 
Euoharls ...per doz. 3050 „ Tea,white, doz. 1020 
Gardenias ...per doz. 3040 „ Yellow, doz. ... 2 0 30 
Geranium, scarlet, | „ Safrano 
doz. bunches 40 60 (English), doz. ...13 20 
Lilac, English, doz. Red Roses.3 060 
bchs. 40 60 Pink Roses .5 070 
Lilac (French) Roses (French), 
per bch. 50 60 yellow, doz. 
Lilium longiflorum I blooms .16 20 
per doz. 20 50 Roses (French) red, 
Lilium candidum, I doz. blooms. ... 2 0 26 
per doz. 16 20 Smilax, per bunch ... 4 0 60 
Lily of the Valley, Stephanotis, doz. 
doz. bchs. 6 0 15 0 sprays .40 60 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 16 30 Tuberoses, doz. 
MaiienhairFern,i2bs.4 0 60! blooms .04 06 
Narcissus, doz. bchs. 10 20 Violets (English) doz. 
Orchids, doz. blooms 1 6 12 0 ! bun. .10 20 
Pelargoniums,12 bun. 60 90 Violets (French) bun. 10 16 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices 
1. d. 1. d. 
Arbor Vitae (golden) 
per doz. 6 0 12 0 
Aspidistra, doz. 18 0 36 0 
„ specimen 
plants. 5 0 10 6 
Azaleas, each . 1 6 2 6 
Calceolaria, per doz. 60 90 
Cinerarias, per doz. 6 0 10 0 
Dracaena, various, 
per doz. 12 0 30 o 
Dracaena virldis,doz. 90180 
Erica, various, doz.... 9 0 18 0 
Euonymus, var. doz. 6 0 18 0 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 0 18 0 
Ferns, small, per 100 40 60 
Ficus elastica, each 10 50 
Foliage Plants, var., 
each 2 0 10 0 
1. d. t. d . 
Fuchsia, per doz. 60 90 
Heliotrope, per doz. 60 80 
Hydrangea, per doz. 9 o 18 o 
Ivy Geraniums, per 
doz. 6080 
Lobelia, per doz. 40 60 
Lycopodiums, doz. 30 40 
Mignonette, per doz. 50 60 
Marguerite Daisy doz 6 0 12 0 
Myrtles, doz. 60 90 
Palms in variety,each 1 o 15 0 
Palms, Specimen ...21 o 63 0 
Pelargoniums,perdoz. 9 0 15 o 
Primulas, doz.40 60 
Scarlets, per doz. 30 90 
Stocks, per doz. 40 60 
OOITTBNTS 
PAGE 
American Chrysanthemum 
Annual .612 
Calceolarias, Herbaceous...620 
Camassia, The.620 
Canaries, Plants of the.613 
Chinese Crab .620 
Cordyline australis.612 
DaScdil, The Green .619 
Gardening Miscellany .619 
Greenhouse and Conserva¬ 
tory .614 
Is Science Bankrupt ? .615 
Orchid Houses, the.615 
Orchid Notes & Gleanings 614 
Paeonies, Herbaceous. 620 
Pelargoniums at Ryecroft 613 
PAGE 
Plant Houses, the. 614 
Primula Sieboldi, vars of 617 
Primula Sieboldi.612 
Rockery, the. 614 
Roses, Hardiness of Trans¬ 
planted. 619 
Schizocodon soldanelloides620 
Science Gleanings.615 
Societies.620 
Solomon's Seal .620 
Stove, the .614 
Summer Flower Shows.611 
Temple Show, the.616 
Tricks played by Plants ...615 
Viola Conference. 612 
AMATEURS 
Who follow the Instruction! given In 
‘The Amateur Orchid Cultivators’ Guide Book,’ 
Bt H. A. BURBERRY, F.R.H.S., 
ORCHID GROWER TO 
The Right Hon* JOS. CHAMBERLAIN, M.P 
CAN G ROW O RCHIDS 
In Cool, Intermediate, or Warm Houses, 
SUCCESSFULLY 
There la a Calendar of Operations for 
each month, and full Information as to 
the trcatmeat required by all Orchids 
mentioned In the book. 
First Edition. 
2s. 6d.; post free, 2s. gd. 
"Gardening World” Office, 
1, Clement’s Inn, Strand, London, 
