86 
CORN. 
same set of chrysalids, which I identified as male and female specimens 
of Hylemia coarctata. This observation, joined to Mr. Ellison’s, shows 
the beginning of July to be the time when the Fly comes out. Mr. 
Ellison’s specimens were sent me on July 7tli ; those from Mr. Parlour 
on July 2nd and 9th. Amongst these there was a slight difference in 
colour, some being rather dark-legged varieties of H. coarctata* 
The following report from Major H. Salmon, of Tockington Manor, 
Almondsbury, Gloucestershire, shows the recurrence of this attack on 
land which had been infested two years before by this Fly ;— 
On May 24th Major Salmon wrote :—“ In May, 1886, you were 
good enough to investigate an attack on young Wheat which occurred 
on land in the occupation of tenants of mine in this parish, and to 
print a notice of the case in your * Tenth Report on Injurious Insects ’ 
(pp. 49 and 50), and I think it may interest you to know that the 
same attack has reappeared this month in Wheat sown on part of the 
same large field which is described on page 50. On the part now in 
Wheat there were Swedes last year, and the Wheat is most seriously 
attacked by these maggots precisely on those spots where the Swedes 
were observed last year to be very badly attacked by grub or caterpillar 
under their leaves ; in parts where the Swedes were not affected, the 
Wheat is not affected now. In another field of wheat (on the same 
farm), but not adjoining the one above mentioned, there were patches 
of Wheat badly affected by the same maggot ( Hylemia coarctata). In 
this field there has been clover for two years, now ploughed up and 
sown to Wheat.” “ I also hear of similar attack on another farm 
more than half a mile off.” In the paper referred to Major Salmon 
gave details of nature of soil and cultivation, from which it appeared 
that the maggot attack was not found on any part of this field 
excepting where Swedes were grown in the previous year, and that the 
maggots were incomparably more numerous and destructive in those 
parts of the field where the Swedes failed last year. 
The first certain observation of attack from this Fly which was 
reported to me was in 1882, when young Wheat-plants were sent me 
at the end of March by Mr. W. Creese, from Teddington, near 
Tewkesbury, with maggots then feeding inside the stalk, just above 
the bulb. These larvae were watched, up to their development to 
H. coarctata Fly, by Mr. R. H. Meade. Mr. Creese then reported that 
the Wlieat-bulb maggot was entirely absent in some seasons, but was 
very destructive in about three years out of four; that it attacked 
plants on land that had been fallowed in the previous summer, but does 
* Mention was made to me that some specimens of Hylemia had been 
considered to be H. paralleliventris, but, as I am not aware of this species having 
been recorded as British, I conjecture that the specimens so named were only dark¬ 
legged varieties of H. coarctata, 
