WHEAT-BULB MAGGOT. 
87 
not appear on land ploughed for the first time in the autumn; also 
that it leaves a belt of four or five yards near the edge untouched. 
Summary. — The result of the above observations appears to be as 
follows: —That this Wheat-bulb maggot attack, which was first certainly 
identified in 1882, though it was apparently present to a serious extent 
before, occurred last year (1888) at a good many localities mainly in 
the Midland or Eastern Counties ; notes were daily sent reporting 
attack on fields or districts, respectively in the neighbourhood of 
Romford (Essex), St. Neots (Hunts.), March (Cambs.) and the Fens in 
the neighbourhood, Wainfleet (Lines.), Sheffield in the South of 
Yorkshire, and Darlington in Durham, but just beyond the northern 
border of Yorkshire ; and somewhat more westerly, from near War¬ 
rington, on the border of Lancashire and Cheshire ; from two localities 
near Birmingham, and from Stratford-on-Avon in Warwickshire ; and 
from near Almondsbury, near the Severn, in South-west Gloucester¬ 
shire, a locality in which the same attack was recorded in 1886. 
The amount of injury is mentioned by various correspondents with 
regard to fields, as all taken in some places ; as an entire failure, every 
plant destroyed for yards together ; “as a complete failure; and, on a 
larger scale, as a great number of fields infested”; “prodigious harm to 
the Wheat-plant growing in the neighbourhood” ; and in the Fens as 
“ hundreds of acres being eaten off ” ; also that near Warrington, for 
several miles around, both in Cheshire and Lancashire, the Wheat- 
crops in some fields had been greatly damaged, and in some entirely 
destroyed. 
The dates of sowing , which were only given in some cases, were as 
follows :—Last week in November, and crop looked bad in February ; 
a few places attacked where sown after middle of December ; first 
week in October; Jan. 10th (Wheat not through the ground until 
about March 20tli); middle of November, attack not observed till 
April; October, and crop destroyed; resown with Oats in April; about 
the 18tli of October ; October 20th and 21st; and at Christmas, 
planted after Cabbage, free from attack. 
Previous crops and treatment of ground .—After Vetches followed by 
Mustard, both eaten off; after Early Rose Potatoes; after Swedes: 
nearly always takes the Wheat much worse after Swedes, and when 
Potatoes are got up before being ripe ; “ it stands best after Mangolds.” 
—A. L. W. “ After Swede Turnips, and each year I have sown this 
succession, it has always gone off.”—F. W. Attack after Potatoes, a 
small piece after Swedes, and Mangold escaped. On a field worked 
for Turnips, and treated with lime, part was likewise dressed with 
mud from a pond, part with farm manure, much damage was done to 
this latter; but on the former, that treated with pond mud, nearly the 
whole of the Wheat was killed. On another field, treated with town 
