OX WARBLE FLY. 
117 
be fairly near, and rather under than over the mark.” —John Child, 
Managing Secretary, Leeds and District Hide, Skin and Tallow Co., 
Limited. 
“We should say that during the months of March to August 
inclusive there will be fully 60 per cent, of the hides more or less 
affected, with an estimated loss of 2s. 6d. per hide average.”— James 
Watson & Sons, Hide Market, Whitehall Eoad, Leeds. 
“ The delay in forwarding this letter has been due to my ascer¬ 
taining from our local tanners the effect of Warbles on our supply of 
hides. 
“ I have no means of ascertaining definitely, and can only 
approximate the following results :— 
“ The hides suffer most severely from March to the end of August 
in each year; they are slightly damaged during the months of 
February, September, and October ; whilst during the other three 
months of the year they show slight traces, after tanning, by the 
marks left after the Warble holes have closed up. 
“ Taking our supply of 50,000 hides (excluding odd numbers) sold 
during 1888, the amount of damage on the following basis would run 
thus:— 
2s. 6d. per hide on 9000 hides, being one-third 
received from March 1st to August 81st ... 
Is. 6d. per hide on 2500 hides, being one-fourth 
received during February, September and 
October. 
9 d. per hide on 3000 hides, being one-fourth 
received during November, December, and 
January .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 
£ s. d. 
1125 0 0 
187 10 0 
112 10 0 
Total . 1425 0 0 
“ Adopting another basis of calculation, taking the average to be 
25 per cent, from March 1st to October 31st, and 12J per cent, for the 
remaining portion of the year, and taking the damage at an average 
of 2s. 6d. per hide, the result would be £1250. 
“I am inclined to think that both these estimates considerably 
under-rate the mischief done, and would especially point out that 
these figures refer only to the deterioration to the sale of the hides 
in a green state, and do not take into account the loss to the tanner 
on the finished article being depreciated in value, or the cost of labour 
and materials expended in producing leather which when finished is 
found to be unfit for the purpose intended. 
“ Another very important matter is the deterioration of the animal 
