12 
CLOVER. 
ether are the most rapid of all. “ L’ammoniaque dilue de 100 parties 
d’eau tue les larves comme les adultes presque instantanement.” 
Summary.— To give the results of the above observations shortly. 
We find a disease in Clover, which is more or less characterized by a 
peculiar growth, to be caused by the presence of the “ Stem Eelworm,” 
the T. devastatrix. 
This attack can be transmitted from one kind of plant, or from 
infested earth, to another subject to it, and of these the crops chiefly to 
be considered here are Oats and Clover. For this reason the above 
crops should not succeed each other where there has been infestation. 
One measure of ‘prevention is deep-ploughing, or in smaller areas 
trenching, such as will turn a fresh, clean, uninfested surface to the 
top ; and as a remedy, when attack is even seriously present, a dressing 
chiefly or entirely composed of sulphate of potash and sulphate of 
ammonia at the rate of from 3-| to 4 cwt. the acre has been found to 
answer. 
I 
Gnat Midge; “ Red Maggot.” Cecidomyia, ? sp. 
Accompanying the diseased Clover-plants, which were sent me early 
in the year, I found in all (or in almost all) cases that there were small 
orange or reddish maggots about the roots. These were of much the 
same size, shape, and colour as the well-known “ red maggots ” of our 
Wheat and Barley, and, like these, are the maggots of a small Gnat 
Midge, scientifically of a Cecidomyia. 
On January 29tli Mr. Francis E. Fraser forwarded me specimens 
of diseased Clover from Woburn, and from one plant, which was quite 
dead above ground, and decayed, I took from the decayed bark, or 
immediate outside of the stem, nine “ red maggots ” of different sizes 
up to about one line long, of various tints from orange of various shades 
<> 
v 
Anchor 
process, 
much 
magnified. 
On April 3rd, Prof. Herbert Little forwarded me from Coldham 
Hall, near Wisbech, similar specimens of maggots which were believed 
to be doing mischief at the Clover-roots. He also mentioned them to 
me as being exceedingly prevalent in various places. I also had 
specimens sent from Rothamstead which occurred at the root of % 
to almost white. These larvae or maggots were legless, 
cylindrical, narrow, blunt at the tail, and pointed towards 
the small head, which was furnished with a small pair of 
horns. Beneath, near the head, they were furnished with 
a dark brown powerful “ anchor process,” or “ scraper,” of 
the general form figured in outline and magnified; that is 
to say, markedly projecting in the middle, not notched (as 
is often the case with the anchor process), and the shape of 
which may prove of use presently in identifying the species. 
