GOUT FLY ; RIBBON-FOOTED CORN FLY. 
21 
or July-liatclied flies lives, but this completes the winter’s life-liistory, 
and shows us where then to find the enemy. The maggots that 
feed in the young winter Corn-plant are from eggs laid by the summer 
brood of flies, and these winter maggots will feed and turn to chrysalids, 
which will in the early part of next season develop their flies to start 
attack on the spring Corn, and so the year’s circle is kept up. Where 
there is nothing suitable for the flies (Frit-flies or others) to lay their 
eggs on, they will die without doing harm. In the case sent me the 
attack was apparently so bad that part at least of the crop was past 
hope ; but, where this is not the case, some stimulating dressing to 
push on the uninjured plants would be desirable. These, of course, 
would be according to the judgment of the owner, but in the case of 
Oats, dressings of sulphate of potash, or sulphate of potash and of 
ammonia, &c. (see references in Index), would be worth consideration. 
Where the crop cannot be saved, it is highly important so to treat 
the surface of the land that the maggots or chrysalids may be destroyed, 
which (if nothing is done, or the surface only lightly stirred or culti¬ 
vated for another crop) will almost certainly produce a new brood in 
spring. For this purpose, ploughing with a skim-coulter attached, so 
as to bury the infested surface well down, would be about the best 
treatment. 
In the case of the Oats the bright reddish appearance of the injured 
plants would draw attention to them at once, and probably in other 
cases there is discoloration accompanying maggot presence which would 
show that something is wrong in the heart of the plant. More in¬ 
formation on this point would help us to improved preventive measures ; 
and we also need to know whether with us, as on the Continent, the 
summer brood is to be found in the ears (instead of as in the case of 
autumn and spring attack) in the bulb of the young corn plant. 
Gout Fly; Ribbon-footed Corn Fly. Udorops taniopus, Curtis. 
The Barley-attack known as Gout occurs more or less every year; 
in 1887 it did serious mischief, in 1888 it was very little reported, but 
in the past season of 1889 enquiries were sent me regarding it at 
intervals from July 6th to Sept. 24th, and the specimens of infested 
plants were in most cases far more stunted in growth than has been 
the case in previous years. This attack, as is well known, is caused 
by the small black or yellow fly figured on p. 22. Whilst the plant is 
still young, and the forming ear is wrapped in the sheathing leaves, 
the Fly places her eggs either within these leaves, or so that the 
maggot can make its way through them to the lower part of the ear; 
there it feeds, and afterwards eats its way down one side of the stem 
to the uppermost knot, and beneath the leaves the maggot changes to 
