FLOUR MOTH. 49 
infestation taking hold) to burn these infested bushes as soon as the 
white patches were observed, and so stamp out the danger at once. 
FLOUR MILLS AND STORES. 
Flour Moth. Ephestia Kuhniella , Zeller. 
Ephestia Kuhniella. 
Flour Moth, magnified; outline showing nat. size. 
The attack of the Flour Moth is an instance of the very unusual 
circumstance of an infestation which up to a certain date was so far 
unknown that the insect causing it was undescribed, and the mischief 
itself unrecorded; yet, having proved subsequently to this date of very 
serious importance, and gradually extending its presence (at recorded 
dates of observation) in Europe, and subsequently (whether the kind 
was originally there or not) making a very injurious appearance in 
N. America. 
In 1877 this Flour Moth was first observed by Dr. Jul. Kuhn, 
Director of the Agricultural Institute, Halle, Germany, and specimens 
were identified by Prof. Zeller as being of a kind of Ephestia undescribed 
up to that time, and to which he gave (in remembrance of its observer) 
the specific name of Kuhniella. 
The attack is recorded as present in Holland in 1879; in 1887 it 
appeared in England. It did great damage in some large Flour- 
warehouses in the East of London, where the origin of the outburst 
was considered to be from Meal shipped from Fiume, on the Adriatic, 
two years previously. It was also mentioned by Mr. Sidney Klein 
“ as a scourge of the Mediterranean ports,” but, so far as I am aware, 
without any date being given for its first observation there. 
In 1888 I first made acquaintance with this new pest, as a most 
serious visitation in a steam Flour-mill so many scores of miles from 
London that there was no reason to consider the infestation had been 
passed on from thence, and with a view of tracing the origin of the 
evil to its source, I made enquiries as to observation of presence of the 
insect in other countries, 
E 
