62 
ORCHARD INSECTS. 
the spring, when the buds are breaking, to make sure of late-comers. 
We have caught some thousands of both the males and females (which 
seem to keep together) of the Cheimatobia, a few of a much larger sort 
of moth, also wingless or nearly so (probably Mottled Umber.—Ed.), 
but these latter are not in any quantity here; I may add that in very 
few cases have any of the moths got as far up as the middle of the 
band, and I am fairly satisfied that we have caught all that had 
attempted to ascend. This mode is a little trouble and expense, but 
the latter does not exceed twopence per tree, even on full-grown trees, 
which most of mine are, many being very large ones, and this is a 
very trifling outlay, if a crop can be saved by this means.”—E. B. C. 
Various kinds of apparatus have been recommended, both in 
Germany and America, for stopping the moths,—some of wood, some 
of bands of tin applied in various ways,—but there are various 
objections to the use of these (at least so it appears to me), partly 
from the care that has to be taken to prevent harbourage of eggs, &c., 
beneath them, and partly from the greater expense ; but if details are 
desired, I will give information and a working drawing of the most 
approved form to any applicant.* 
The following notes refer more especially to dates for commencement of 
sticky banding in autumn , and show also from various reports of observation 
of the presence of the moths that were sent me, that this continues over a 
period of several weeks :— 
On July 9th Capt. Corbett wrote to me from Toddington as 
follows:—“ I send you the experience of one of our foremen with 
regard to the Winter Moth, and two other foremen who followed on 
the same lines have excellent crops of Plums. All trees greased before 
Oct. 17tli were nearly free from caterpillar. Those not greased until 
after Oct. 17th were infested with caterpillar.” 
This point of greasing in good time is exceedingly important, and 
as the time of the moths coming out may vary with the different 
weather of each autumn, the following further observation sent me by 
Capt. Corbett of a simple method of knowing when to expect them 
may be very useful:—I would just add that another foreman kept 
some chrysalids of the Winter Moth in a box last autumn, and on the 
first moth coming out he put the band of grease round his trees. His 
trees are for the most part thickly laden with Plums.” 
Capt. Corbett also mentioned in another letter regarding this same 
point of greasing :—“ One of our foremen states that where he applied 
the greasy bands to the trees early in October, the fruit suffered little 
* Much useful information relatively to this class of attacks, and means of 
prevention, is given in the chapter on “ Canker-worms,” pp. 157—197 of the 3rd 
Report of the United States Entomological Commission, published by the Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture, Washington, U.S.A., 1883. 
