PARIS-GREEN. 
69 
going back up the trunk of the tree by a liay-hand or rough rag-rope 
with some tar on it being placed on the ground round it, or a circle of 
tar might be dripped on the ground or short grass. 
Fumigation .—In the course of the observations at Toddington, 
where everything was noticed, accidental or otherwise, which might 
throw any light on means of getting rid of the almost overwhelming 
quantity of orchard-vermin, it was noticed that in several cases where 
they chanced to be exposed to the action of smoke, or fumes, as from 
burning clay, or rubbish-fires, &c., that these acted serviceably in 
lessening or clearing attack. 
In one instance a road was being formed amongst the trees, and by 
the side of this clay was burnt for some time; it was observed that 
near where this was carried on there was little or no attack, and the 
amount of it gradually increased with the increasing distance of the 
trees from the smoke or altered air of the clay-fires. 
In another case rubbish-fires had been lighted near enough to some 
infested trees for the caterpillars to be within the range of annoyance 
or stifling from the smoke, and they fell down in such great numbers 
that I understood from the managers that the trees were to all practical 
purposes cleared. 
In yet another case the smoke of burnt wood which had been 
dipped in tar and rose beneath the trees was reported to Mr. Wise 
to have good effects. Consequently on these accidental observations, 
all the rubbish, &c., suitable for making “smoke-fires” is being 
saved to burn in the spring, so as to give the fumigating a good trial, 
and the effect of addition of tar and of sulphur to the fires is also to be 
tried. 
It is needless to say that in these experiments smoke or fumes only 
are to be used, and, from previous personal experience of “smother- 
fires” under the trees in a Fir-plantation of about thirty years old in 
Gloucestershire, I do not see any reason why the fumigation should 
not be managed without harm to the trees. At any rate the experiment 
is well worth trying, and if pieces of disused railway-sleepers were put 
to heat in the choke-fires, the powerful stench would be likely to add 
much to the effect. 
Spraying with Paris-green. — On application being made by Capt. 
Corbett to Mr. Fletcher, the Dominion Entomologist of Canada, for 
advice (as before mentioned), amongst other points of his reply Mr. 
Fletcher mentioned:—“ In this country we have a moth with similar 
habits to your ‘Winter Moth,’ and decidedly the most successful treat¬ 
ment has been spraying the trees early in spring, when the young 
caterpillars are just hatched, and again two weeks later on with a weak 
solution of Paris-green.” 
Again, in another part of the same letter, Mr. Fletcher observed:— 
